Thornton v. State, 734 S.E.2d 393 (Ga. 2012). · Go Syfert
Thornton v. State, 734 S.E.2d 393 (Ga. 2012). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
42 citation events (42 in the last 25 years) across 2 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Lewis v. State (ga, 2025-06-26)
Treatment trajectory · 2013 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2013 2019 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 21 distinct citers.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Lewis v. State
Ga. · 2025 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Menzies v. State, 304 Ga. 156, 161 ( 816 SE2d 638 ) (2018) (evidence was sufficient to support defendant’s conviction for felony murder when her accomplice was fatally shot during an attempted armed robbery); Robinson v. State, 298 Ga. 455, 456, 458-459 ( 782 SE2d 657 ) (2016) (evidence was sufficient to support defendant’s conviction for felony murder when his accomplice was fatally shot by a store owner they were attempting to rob); Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence was sufficient to support defendant’s conviction for felony murder when he d…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Wallace v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2024 · confidence medium
See also Parks v. State, 304 Ga. 313, 316 (818 SE2d 502) (2018) (holding that the evidence was sufficient to support a felony murder conviction as a party to the crime based on “evidence of [the defendant’s] presence at the scene, his companionship with other members of [a gang], and his actions during and after the crimes”); Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (734 SE2d 393) (2012) (holding that the evidence underlying a felony murder conviction was sufficient where, among other things, the 20 defendant drove himself and others to the location where the shooting occurred and drove the get…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Justin Jones v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2021 · confidence medium
See Taylor v. State, 304 Ga. 41, 46 (3) ( 816 SE2d 17 ) (2018) (evidence of the defendant’s gang affiliation was admissible to demonstrate the defendant’s motive to rob the victim); Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88-89 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence of the defendant’s prior illegal drug activities was admissible to show his motive to commit robbery at a home where he believed drugs and money would be located).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Legregory Collins v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · confidence medium
(Citations omitted.) Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88-89 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Freeman v. State
Ga. · 2015 · confidence medium
“Presence, companionship, and conduct before and after an offense is committed are circumstances from which participation in the criminal act may be inferred.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) (734 *151 SE2d 393) (2012).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Freeman v. State
Ga. · 2015 · confidence medium
“Presence, companionship, and conduct before and after an offense is committed are circumstances from which participation in the criminal act may be inferred.” (Citation and punctuation omitted.) Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Rakeen Rayneil Hicks v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2014 · confidence medium
These folks that are on my calendar here were not able to do that prior to today, but a majority of them now have decided that they need to go ahead and resolve their case before you’re selected 10 (Punctuation omitted.) Hines, 320 Ga. App. at 857 (1) (c), quoting Heard v. State, 287 Ga. 554, 559-560 (5) ( 697 SE2d 811 ) (2010) and Burnette v. State, 241 Ga. App. 682, 683-684 (1) ( 527 SE2d 276 ) (1999). 11 See Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence was sufficient to prove appellant was a party to the crime of armed robbery and burglary because he drove the g…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Rush v. State
Ga. · 2014 · confidence medium
“Presence, companionship, and conduct before and after an offense is committed are circumstances from which participation in the criminal act may be inferred.” Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (quoting Curinton v. State, 283 Ga. 226, 228-229 ( 657 SE2d 824 ) (2008)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Keith McBurrows v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
(Citations omitted.) Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88-89 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (concluding that evidence of defendant’s drug buy as admissible as to issue of motive for robbery); see also Stephens v. State, 214 Ga. App. 183, 186 (5) ( 447 SE2d 26 ) (1994) (holding that defendant’s statement regarding his dire financial condition was relevant to establish motive for arson). 3.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) McBurrows v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
(Citations omitted.) Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88-89 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (concluding that evidence of defendant’s drug buy was admissible as to issue of motive for robbery); see also Stephens v. State, 214 Ga. App. 183, 186 (5) ( 447 SE2d 26 ) (1994) (holding that defendant’s statement regarding his dire financial condition was relevant to establish motive for arson). 3.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ryans v. State
Ga. · 2013 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Griffin v. State, 292 Ga. 321, 323 ( 737 SE2d 682 ) (2013) (holding that evidence that the defendant was angry with the victim because the victim had failed to pay the defendant for drugs was admissible to show motive for the crimes, even though it incidentally placed the defendant’s character in issue); Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (holding that evidence of the defendant’s “prior illegal drug use and drug dealing was properly admitted to show his motive to rob a home where he believed illegal drugs and money would be found” and was not rendered …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Beniam Dawit Tela v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
The voice mails left shortly before and after the shooting3 reflected his state of mind around the time of the crime.4 “Although motive is not an essential element in proving the crimes charged, the State is entitled to present evidence to establish that there was a motive, and evidence [of Tela’s statements on the voice mails] is relevant to prove that he had a motive for committing the crimes and is not rendered inadmissible by the fact that it incidentally puts his character in issue.” (Citations omitted.) Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88-89 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) 3 Tela’s mot…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Tela v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
(Citations omitted.) Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88-89 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (upholding admission of evidence of defendant’s drug use as evidence of motive).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Walter Maxon Simon v. State
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · confidence medium
Although circumstantial, the evidence was sufficient to authorize a rational trier of fact to find that Simon was guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of the crimes for which he was convicted.12 12 See Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence was sufficient to prove appellant was a party to the crime of armed robbery and burglary where he drove the getaway vehicle); Bush, supra at 440 (1); Buruca, supra; Jackson v. State, 274 Ga. App. 279, 281 ( 617 SE2d 249 ) (2005) (where getaway driver waited for his co-defendant to return to the vehicle, evidence was sufficient t…
discussed Cited "see" State v. Mobley (2×)
Ga. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
See Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 89 (4) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012).
discussed Cited "see" Desire v. State (2×)
Ga. · 2014 · signal: see · confidence high
See Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88-89 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence of defendant’s prior drug use and illegal activities properly admitted to show motive to rob home where he believed money would be found); Holcomb v. State, 268 Ga. 100, 104 (4) ( 485 SE2d 192 ) (1997) (evidence of defendant’s involvement in prior drug dealings admissible to prove motive for crimes).
discussed Cited "see" Hicks v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2014 · signal: see · confidence high
See Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence was sufficient to prove appellant was a party to the crime of armed robbery and burglary because he drove the getaway vehicle); Buruca v. State, 278 Ga. App. 650, 652-653 (1) ( 629 SE2d 438 ) (2006) (jury could find that defendant was the getaway driver and therefore a party to the crime); Jackson v. State, 274 Ga. App. 279, 281 ( 617 SE2d 249 ) (2005) (because getaway driver waited for his co-defendant to return to the vehicle, evidence was sufficient to find the driver guilty of crimes directly committed by co-defend…
discussed Cited "see" Simon v. State. (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · signal: see · confidence high
See Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence was sufficient to prove appellant was a party to the crime of armed robbery and burglary where he drove the getaway vehicle); Bush, supra at 440 (1); Buruca, supra; Jackson v. State, 274 Ga. App. 279, 281 ( 617 SE2d 249 ) (2005) (where getaway driver waited for his co-defendant to return to the vehicle, evidence was sufficient to find the driver guilty of crimes directly committed by co-defendant); Head v. State, 261 Ga. App. 185, 187 (1) ( 582 SE2d 164 ) (2003) (affirming appellant’s conviction as a party to the cri…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Clemon Antrone Huntley A/K/A Clemon Antwon Huntley v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · signal: see also · confidence medium
See also Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence sufficient to prove defendant, as driver of getaway vehicle, was party to the crimes of armed robbery and burglary); Wade v. State, 305 Ga. App. 819, 822 ( 701 SE2d 214 ) (2010) 3 (evidence sufficient to support conviction as a party to the crime of possession of cocaine where defendant drove his nephew to location for purpose of purchasing drugs); Head v. State, 261 Ga. App. 185, 187 (1) ( 582 SE2d 164 ) (2003) (affirming defendant’s conviction as a party to the crime of burglary where defendant drove perpetrat…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Huntley v. State (2×)
Ga. Ct. App. · 2015 · signal: see also · confidence medium
See also Thornton v. State, 292 Ga. 87, 88 (2) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012) (evidence sufficient to prove defendant, as driver of getaway vehicle, was party to the crimes of armed robbery and burglary); Wade v. State, 305 Ga. App. 819, 822 ( 701 SE2d 214 ) (2010) (evidence sufficient to support conviction as a party to the crime of possession of cocaine where defendant drove his nephew to location for purpose ofpurchasing drugs); Head v. State, 261 Ga. App. 185, 187 (1) ( 582 SE2d 164 ) (2003) (affirming defendant’s conviction as a party to the crime of burglary where defendant drove perpetrator …
cited Cited "see, e.g." Allifi v. Raider
Ga. Ct. App. · 2013 · signal: see also · confidence low
See OCGA § 19-7-22 (a); see also Brine v. Shipp, 291 Ga. 376, 379 (3) ( 734 SE2d 393 ) (2012).
THORNTON
v.
State
S12A1776.
Supreme Court of Georgia.
Nov 19, 2012.
734 S.E.2d 393
Jennifer A. Treishmann, for appellant., Paul L. Howard, Jr., District Attorney, Lenny I. Krick, Paige Reese Whitaker, Assistant District Attorneys, Samuel S. Olens, Attorney General, Paula K. Smith, Senior Assistant Attorney General, David A. Bikoff, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee.
Thompson.
Cited by 21 opinions  |  Published
THOMPSON, Presiding Justice.

Appellant Mark Thornton was convicted of felony murder, aggravated assault with a deadly weapon, criminal attempt to commit armed robbery, burglary, possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony, and conspiracy to commit a crime in connection with his role in the shooting death of Joshua Scott.[1] Thornton’s motion for new trial was denied, and he now appeals his convictions. On appeal, Thornton asserts that there was insufficient evidence to support his conviction based on a party to a crime theory; the trial court erred in permitting the State to present evidence of Thornton’s prior illegal drug activities; and trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance of counsel. For the reasons that follow, we affirm.

[*88] Viewed in a light most favorable to the verdict, the evidence shows the following. Thornton planned to rob Scott because he knew Scott, his drug supplier, would have a large amount of money and drugs in his house. He enlisted four other men to help him carry out his scheme. Thornton drove two of the men to Scott’s neighborhood and parked the car down the road from Scott’s house. Another car with two occupants followed Thornton to the neighborhood. Thornton pointed out Scott’s house to his co-indictees, but stayed in the car during the robbery because he did not want Scott to recognize him.

Scott was making a sandwich in the kitchen when his door was kicked in. Three men entered, yelled “police,” and ordered the occupants to get on the ground. Scott shot at the intruders while his roommate hid in the bedroom. One of Scott’s bullets hit an intruder. Two of the intruders returned fire and fatally shot Scott. Two intruders, one of whom was wounded, fled the scene and jumped into the car where Thornton was waiting. Thornton drove them to the hospital and dropped them off.

1. Having reviewed the record in the light most favorable to the verdict, we conclude that a rational trier of fact could have found Thornton guilty beyond a reasonable doubt of the offenses for which he was convicted. Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U. S. 307 (99 SC 2781, 61 LE2d 560) (1979).

2. Thornton claims that there was insufficient evidence to support his conviction based on a party to a crime theory. See OCGA § 16-2-20. We disagree. Thornton was more than merely present near the crime scene. There was evidence that Thornton planned the robbery, drove two of his co-indictees to Scott’s house, pointed out Scott’s house to his co-indictees, and drove the getaway car. “Presence, companionship, and conduct before and after an offense is committed are circumstances from which participation in the criminal act maybe inferred.” Curinton v. State, 283 Ga. 226, 228-229 (657 SE2d 824) (2008). There was sufficient evidence for the jury to conclude that Thornton was a party to the crimes.

3. Thornton asserts that the trial court erred when it permitted the State to present evidence of Thornton’s prior illegal drug activities. Evidence of Thornton’s prior illegal drug use and drug dealing was properly admitted to show his motive to rob a home where he believed illegal drugs and money would be found.

Although motive is not an essential element in proving the crimes charged, the State is entitled to present evidence to establish that there was a motive, and evidence that [Thornton bought drugs from the victim] is relevant to prove that he[*89] had a motive for committing the crimes and is not rendered inadmissible by the fact that it incidentally puts his character in issue.

Brady v. State, 270 Ga. 574, 578-579 (513 SE2d 199) (1999) (citing Johnson v. State, 260 Ga. 457, 458 (2) (396 SE2d 888) (1990)).

4. Lastly, Thornton contends that his trial counsel provided ineffective assistance of counsel in requesting an improper sequential charge regarding the lesser-included offense of voluntary manslaughter pursuant to Edge v. State, 261 Ga. 865 (414 SE2d 463) (1992). Under Strickland v. Washington, 466 U. S. 668 (104 SC 2052, 80 LE2d 674) (1984), to successfully prove ineffective assistance of counsel Thornton must show: (1) counsel’s performance was so deficient that it fell “below an objective standard of reasonableness”; and (2) because of counsel’s deficient performance, Thornton suffered actual prejudice, such that “there is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s unprofessional errors, the result of the proceeding would have been different.” Id. at 688, 694.

After charging the jury on malice murder, felony murder, criminal attempt to commit armed robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, and possession of a firearm during the commission of a crime, the court charged the jury on voluntary manslaughter, stating:

If you do not believe beyond a reasonable doubt that... the defendant [ ] is guilty of murder or felony murder but you do believe beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is only guilty of voluntary manslaughter, then you would be authorized to find the defendant guilty only of voluntary manslaughter.
A person commits the offense of voluntary manslaughter when he causes the death of another human being under the circumstances which would otherwise be murder and if he acts solely as the result ... of a sudden, violent, and irresistible passion resulting from serious provocation sufficient to excite such passion in a reasonable person.

Trial counsel indicated at the motion for new trial hearing that he requested the charge with a strategic and tactical purpose in mind. The voluntary manslaughter charge was a fall back option in case the jury did not believe Thornton was merely present at the scene of the crimes. Trial counsel’s request for the voluntary manslaughter charge was reasonable under the circumstances and, in any event, the charge did not violate Edge because nothing in the charge suggested that the jury could not consider voluntary manslaughter until after it[*90] found Thornton not guilty of murder. See Morgan v. State, 290 Ga. 788, 791 (725 SE2d 255) (2012).

Decided November 19, 2012. Jennifer A. Treishmann, for appellant. Paul L. Howard, Jr., District Attorney, Lenny I. Krick, Paige Reese Whitaker, Assistant District Attorneys, Samuel S. Olens, Attorney General, Paula K. Smith, Senior Assistant Attorney General, David A. Bikoff, Assistant Attorney General, for appellee.

Judgment affirmed.

All the Justices concur.
1

The crimes occurred on November 18, 2008. Thornton was indicted by a Fulton County grand jury on April 20, 2010, on charges of murder, three counts of felony murder, aggravated assault with a deadly weapon, criminal attempt to commit armed robbery, burglary, possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony, and conspiracy to commit a crime. The jury returned a verdict on May 24, 2010, finding Thornton guilty of felony murder (three counts), aggravated assault with a deadly weapon, criminal attempt to commit armed robbery, burglary, possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony, and conspiracy to commit a crime. Thornton was sentenced to life imprisonment for felony murder (predicated upon the underlying felony of aggravated assault), 30 years for criminal attempt to commit armed robbery, to run consecutive to the felony murder, 20 years for burglary to run consecutive to the criminal attempt, and five years for possession of a firearm during the commission of a felony to run consecutive to burglary. The additional two felony murder counts and the aggravated assault with a deadly weapon conviction were vacated and merged with the felony murder count for sentencing. See Malcolm v. State, 263 Ga. 369 (434 SE2d 479) (1993). The conviction for conspiracy to commit a crime was dead docketed. Thornton filed a motion for new trial on June 7, 2010 and an amended motion for new trial on January 24, 2012. Thornton’s motion for new trial was heard on February 3, 2012, and was denied on April 26, 2012. Thornton filed a notice of appeal on April 27,2012. The appeal was docketed to the September 2012 term of this Court and submitted for decision on the briefs.