Elements essential to void instrument.

- For alteration to void instrument three things must appear: alteration must be material; alteration must have been made by one claiming benefit under the instrument; and the alteration must have been made with intent to defraud. Unless all three of these things appear, contract as originally executed will be enforced. Busby v. Sea Island Bank, 151 Ga. App. 412, 260 S.E.2d 485 (1979).

Correction of typographical error will not void instrument.

- If contract alteration was made only to correct typographical error, requirements are not met to void instrument. Busby v. Sea Island Bank, 151 Ga. App. 412, 260 S.E.2d 485 (1979).

Error to submit question of materiality of alteration to jury.

- Because materiality of alteration is question of law, it is error to submit question of materiality to jury. James Talcott, Inc. v. Dettlebach, 138 Ga. App. 475, 226 S.E.2d 309 (1976).

Proof required to take case to jury.

- See Howard Piano Co. v. Glover, 7 Ga. App. 548, 67 S.E. 277 (1910).

Cited in Pritchard v. Smith, Stewart & Co., 77 Ga. 463 (1886); Heard v. Tappan & Merritt, 116 Ga. 930, 43 S.E. 375 (1903); Bedgood-Howell Co. v. Moore, 123 Ga. 336, 51 S.E. 420 (1905); McConnell Bros. v. Slappey, 134 Ga. 95, 67 S.E. 440 (1910); Peeples v. Berrien County Bank, 19 Ga. App. 319, 91 S.E. 436 (1917); Craig v. National City Bank, 26 Ga. App. 128, 105 S.E. 632 (1921); May v. Sorrell, 153 Ga. 47, 111 S.E. 810 (1922); Colt Co. v. Butler, 29 Ga. App. 396, 115 S.E. 503 (1923); Jones v. Bank of Powder Springs, 31 Ga. App. 263, 120 S.E. 422 (1923); Morris v. Bullock, 185 Ga. 12, 194 S.E. 201 (1937); Langan v. Cheshire, 208 Ga. 107, 65 S.E.2d 415 (1951); Nassau v. Sheffield, 211 Ga. 66, 84 S.E.2d 4 (1954); Howard v. Cotton, 223 Ga. 118, 153 S.E.2d 557 (1967); Duval & Co. v. Malcom, 233 Ga. 784, 214 S.E.2d 356 (1975); Price v. Mitchell, 154 Ga. App. 523, 268 S.E.2d 743 (1980).

Am. Jur. 2d.

- 17 Am. Jur. 2d, Contracts, §§ 459, 465.