O.C.G.A.
O.C.G.A.

O.C.G.A. § 14-2-923 (2019)

Bylaws

✓ O.C.G.A. — 2019 edition (Public.Resource.Org Release 73)
Code text and O.C.G.A. statutory annotations on this page reflect the 2019 Official Code of Georgia Annotated (Public.Resource.Org Release 73, 2019-08-21; public domain per Georgia v. Public.Resource.Org, 2020). The Syfert case-law annotations in Notes of Decisions, below, are current.
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(a) A statutory close corporation need not adopt bylaws if provisions required by law to be contained in bylaws are contained in either the articles of incorporation or a shareholder agreement authorized by Code Section 14-2-920.

(b) If a corporation does not have bylaws when its statutory close corporation status terminates under Code Section 14-2-931, the corporation shall immediately adopt bylaws under Code Section 14-2-206.

History

(Code 1981, § 14-2-923, enacted by Ga. L. 1988, p. 1070, § 1.)

Annotations

COMMENT Source: Model Statutory Close Corporation Supplement, § 22. There were no comparable provisions in former law. Former § 14-2-176(a) required the board of directors to adopt initial bylaws. The purpose of bylaws is to provide regulations for the management of a corporation. Business corporation statutes universally require that a corporation adopt bylaws. See Section 14-2-206. Very few, however, specify more than a few mandatory provisions that must be included in the bylaws. For example, under the Code, the mandatory requirements are: (1) the time and place of shareholder meetings (Sections 14-2-701 and 702); (2) the number of directors, which may, alternatively, be set in the articles of incorporation (Section 14-2-803); and (3) the identity, method of election, and authority of the officers (Sections 14-2-840 and 841). Moreover, under Section 14-2-206 any provision required or permitted to be in the bylaws may be placed in the articles of incorporation. This section gives a statutory close corporation the option to dispense with bylaws, if the matters required by statute to be included in bylaws are contained in either a Section 14-2-922 shareholder agreement or in the articles of incorporation. Cross-References Articles of incorporation: amendment, see § 14-2-1001 et seq.; generally, see § 14-2-202. Bylaws: adoption of initial bylaws, see §§ 14-2-205 & 14-2-206; amendment, see § 14-2-1020 et seq.; contents, see § 14-2-206. Shareholder agreement, see § 14-2-920. Termination of statutory close corporation status, see § 14-2-931.

RESEARCH REFERENCES C.J.S. - 18 C.J.S., Corporations, § 154.