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2018 Georgia Code 19-13-1 | Car Wreck Lawyer

TITLE 19 DOMESTIC RELATIONS

Section 13. Family Violence, 19-13-1 through 19-13-56.

ARTICLE 1 GRANTING OF RELIEF BY SUPERIOR COURTS

19-13-1. "Family violence" defined.

As used in this article, the term "family violence" means the occurrence of one or more of the following acts between past or present spouses, persons who are parents of the same child, parents and children, stepparents and stepchildren, foster parents and foster children, or other persons living or formerly living in the same household:

  1. Any felony; or
  2. Commission of offenses of battery, simple battery, simple assault, assault, stalking, criminal damage to property, unlawful restraint, or criminal trespass.

    The term "family violence" shall not be deemed to include reasonable discipline administered by a parent to a child in the form of corporal punishment, restraint, or detention.

(Ga. L. 1981, p. 880, § 1; Ga. L. 1988, p. 1251, § 2; Ga. L. 1992, p. 1266, § 3; Ga. L. 1993, p. 1534, § 3.)

Law reviews.

- For article citing developments in Georgia juvenile court practice and procedure from mid-1980 through mid-1981, see 33 Mercer L. Rev. 167 (1981). For article, "Gender and Justice in the Courts: A Report to the Supreme Court of Georgia by the Commission on Gender Bias in the Judicial System," see 8 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 539 (1992). For survey article on domestic relations cases for the period from June 1, 2002 through May 31, 2003, see 55 Mercer L. Rev. 223 (2003). For annual survey of domestic relations law, see 58 Mercer L. Rev. 133 (2006). For article, "Polygyny and Violence Against Women," see 64 Emory L.J. 1767 (2015). For note on 1993 amendment of this Code section, see 10 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 95 (1993). For review of 1996 family violence legislation, see 13 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 101 (1996). For comment, "The Abuse of Animals as a Method of Domestic Violence: The Need for Criminalization," see 63 Emory L.J. 1163 (2014).

JUDICIAL DECISIONS

"Family violence" defined broadly.

- Officers who investigated a claim of possible child abuse failed in their obligation to file a Family Violence Report, as required by O.C.G.A. § 17-4-20.1(c), and the trial court properly denied a motion for summary judgment pursuant to O.C.G.A. § 9-11-56 by the officers and others in a wrongful death claim on behalf of a deceased child as genuine issues of material fact existed as to whether their failure to investigate and file the necessary report proximately resulted in the child's injuries and death; the definition of "family violence" was broad under O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1, and although "reasonable discipline" was excepted thereunder, the officers had an obligation to investigate allegations that a child was being whipped. Meagher v. Quick, 264 Ga. App. 639, 594 S.E.2d 182 (2003).

"Family violence" arrest warrant.

- Whether an arrest warrant labeled "Domestic Violence" was the correct label used to arrest the plaintiff for an offense related to a domestic violence case but not a crime of domestic violence under O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1 was irrelevant to the plaintiff's civil rights claim that the defendant violated the Fourteenth Amendment by falsely swearing a domestic violence warrant against the plaintiff. Smith v. Mercer, F. Supp. 2d (N.D. Ga. May 13, 2008).

Family violence not likely to resume justifying modification of protective order.

- Restrained party who seeks termination of a family violence permanent protective order must prove by a preponderance of the evidence that a material change in circumstances has occurred, such that the resumption of family violence is not likely and justice would be served by termination of the order and in reviewing cases such as this, a court should look to the totality of the circumstances. Furthermore, circumstances a court should consider when considering modifying a family violence permanent protective order include: the present nature of the parties' relationship; the restrained party's history of compliance with the protective order and history of violence; the restrained party's efforts to undergo therapy; the age and health of the restrained party; any undue hardships suffered as a result of the order; and, the existence and nature of any objections the victim has to termination. Mandt v. Lovell, 293 Ga. 807, 750 S.E.2d 134 (2013).

Acts between siblings within scope of Family Violence Act.

- Given the unambiguous language in O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1, and given that it was common for siblings to live in the same household at some point in their lives, the appellate court concluded that the legislature intended to include the commission of certain acts between siblings within the scope of the Family Violence Act, O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1 et seq., and, thus, the trial court had jurisdiction to enter a protective order against the brother, and the brother's motion for a new trial was without merit. Jones v. Spruill, 337 Ga. App. 200, 786 S.E.2d 848 (2016).

Modification of permanent protective order.

- Appellate court properly upheld the modification of a permanent protection order issued in a family violence matter between parents because O.C.G.A. § 19-13-4(c) contemplated that the duration of such orders could be modified based on changing conditions and circumstances, and the father sufficiently alleged such changed circumstances, including that neither party had custody of the child. Mandt v. Lovell, 293 Ga. 807, 750 S.E.2d 134 (2013).

Service of process insufficient.

- Service upon a spouse against whom a temporary protective order had been granted under the Georgia Family Violence Act, O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1 et seq., was insufficient. The original service provided the spouse with no notice of the allegations, and service upon the spouse as the spouse left a hearing in the case was improper under the rule insulating a party in attendance upon the trial of a case from service of process. Loiten v. Loiten, 288 Ga. App. 638, 655 S.E.2d 265 (2007).

Evidence sufficient for assault conviction but inadequate for impact on parental rights.

- Although the evidence was sufficient to support a finding that the father committed an assault against the mother when the father threatened the mother and pointed a gun at the mother outside their home, because that incident took place outside the presence of the children, as the uncontradicted record showed that the children were inside the house asleep, there was no evidence that any of the children saw or heard the exchange between their mother and father, and none of the testimony offered by the Department of Family and Children Services established an act of abuse on the part of the father sufficient to warrant a finding of dependency; thus, there was insufficient evidence for the juvenile court to find the father's children dependent. In the Interest of K. D., 344 Ga. App. 423, 810 S.E.2d 193 (2018).

Insufficient evidence.

- Trial court erred in finding that a guardian proved by a preponderance of the evidence, as required under O.C.G.A. § 19-13-3(a), that a mother committed an act of family violence pursuant to O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1, as there was insufficient evidence that the mother committed an act of violence, specifically simple battery in violation of O.C.G.A. § 16-5-23, as opposed to administering reasonable discipline in the form of corporal punishment, as O.C.G.A. § 16-5-23 specifically exempted corporal punishment from the definition of battery, and the appellate court determined after considering O.C.G.A. §§ 16-3-20 and20-2-731 that the alleged action of the mother in slapping her daughter did not rise to the level of unreasonable discipline. Buchheit v. Stinson, 260 Ga. App. 450, 579 S.E.2d 853 (2003).

Sufficient evidence.

- Protective order against a former wife was warranted under the Family Violence Act, O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1, because there was sufficient evidence that she committed the predicate act of stalking her former husband by hiring a detective to follow him, by harassing him at his place of work, and by sending him threatening text messages. Quinby v. Rausch, 300 Ga. App. 424, 685 S.E.2d 395 (2009).

Cited in Roberson v. State, 186 Ga. App. 808, 368 S.E.2d 568 (1988); McCracken v. State, 224 Ga. App. 356, 480 S.E.2d 361 (1997).

RESEARCH REFERENCES

C.J.S.

- 28 C.J.S., Domestic Abuse and Violence, § 1 et seq.

ALR.

- "Cohabitation" for purposes of domestic violence statutes, 71 A.L.R.5th 285.

Cases Citing O.C.G.A. § 19-13-1

Total Results: 19  |  Sort by: Relevance  |  Newest First

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Schmidt v. Schmidt, 510 S.E.2d 810 (Ga. 1999).

Cited 83 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Jan 11, 1999 | 270 Ga. 461, 99 Fulton County D. Rep. 244

...An award of attorney's fees is expressly authorized in family violence actions under OCGA § 19-13-4(a)(10) and we cannot say that the trial court abused its discretion in awarding $1,500.00 in fees in this case. Judgment affirmed in part and reversed in part. All the Justices concur. NOTES [1] OCGA § 19-13-1, et seq....
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Virger v. The State (two Cases), 305 Ga. 281 (Ga. 2019).

Cited 60 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 18, 2019

...permitted to offer: (1) Relevant evidence that the defendant had been the victim of acts of family violence or child abuse committed by the deceased, as such acts are described in Code Sections 19-13-1 and 19-15-1, respectively; and (2) Relevant expert testimony regarding the condition of the mind of the defendant at the time of the offense, including those relevant facts and circumstances relating...
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Virger v. State, 824 S.E.2d 346 (Ga. 2019).

Cited 58 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 18, 2019

...orce or deadly force was immediately necessary, may be permitted to offer: (1) Relevant evidence that the defendant had been the victim of acts of family violence or child abuse committed by the deceased , as such acts are described in Code Sections 19-13-1 and 19-15-1, respectively; and (2) Relevant expert testimony regarding the condition of the mind of the defendant at the time of the offense, including those relevant facts and circumstances relating to the family violence or child abuse that...
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Lewis v. State, 335 S.E.2d 560 (Ga. 1985).

Cited 48 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Oct 29, 1985 | 255 Ga. 101

...OCGA § 17-4-20, which spells out situations *104 under which arrests are lawful, provides: "An arrest for a crime may be made by a law enforcement officer either under a warrant or without a warrant . . . if the officer has probable cause to believe that an act of family violence, as defined in Code § 19-13-1, has been committed. . . ." OCGA § 19-13-1 defines family violence as "(1) Any felony; or (2) Commission of offenses of battery, assault, criminal damage to property, unlawful restraint or criminal trespass" between family members....
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Demery v. State, 700 S.E.2d 373 (Ga. 2010).

Cited 23 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Sep 20, 2010 | 287 Ga. 805, 2010 Fulton County D. Rep. 3045

...Appellant presented a justification defense based on "battered person syndrome," including testimony that she had been the victim of acts of violence committed by the deceased and expert testimony that appellant suffered from the syndrome. See OCGA §§ 16-3-21(d); 19-13-1....
...Appellant's notice of appeal was filed October 12, 2009, and the appeal was docketed to the April 2010 term of this Court. [2] OCGA § 16-3-21(d) authorizes a defendant accused of murder or manslaughter who was a victim of specified acts committed by a person living in the same household (see OCGA § 19-13-1) to support a defense of justification by offering evidence of past physical abuse and expert testimony to illustrate the defendant's reasonable belief that the use of force or deadly force was immediately necessary, although the actual threat of harm did not immediately precede the homicide....
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Warren v. State, 336 S.E.2d 221 (Ga. 1985).

Cited 21 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Nov 6, 1985 | 255 Ga. 151

...im, and there is no evidence of extrinsic violence. 69 Minn. L.R. 395, supra n. 52 at 405. [10] The state intervenes in cases of assault, OCGA §§ 16-5-21; 16-5-21 and battery, OCGA §§ 16-5-23; 16-5-24, and in other forms of family violence, OCGA § 19-13-1 et seq., and we have recognized that assault and battery are involved in rape....
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Goodson v. State, 824 S.E.2d 371 (Ga. 2019).

Cited 17 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 18, 2019 | 305 Ga. 246

...force or deadly force was immediately necessary, may be permitted to offer: (1) Relevant evidence that the defendant had been the victim of acts of family violence or child abuse committed by the deceased, as such acts are described in Code Sections 19-13-1 and 19-15-1, respectively; and (2) Relevant expert testimony regarding the condition of the mind of the defendant at the time of the offense, including those relevant facts and circumstances relating to the family violence or child abuse that...
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Wallace v. Wallace, 396 S.E.2d 208 (Ga. 1990).

Cited 16 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Sep 26, 1990 | 260 Ga. 400

...Blalock, 250 Ga. 862 (301 SE2d 876) (1983). The trial court properly granted summary judgment to the wife. [4] Judgment affirmed. All the Justices concur, except Weltner, J., not participating. NOTES [1] OCGA § 44-6-190; Pindar, Georgia Real Estate Law, § 19-13-1 (3rd ed.)....
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Battle v. State, 333 S.E.2d 599 (Ga. 1985).

Cited 13 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Sep 5, 1985 | 254 Ga. 666

...§ 27-207, authorizes a warrantless arrest by a law enforcement officer "if the offense is committed in his presence or within his immediate knowledge, if the offender is endeavoring to escape, if the officer has probable cause to believe that an act of family violence, as defined in Code Section 19-13-1, has been committed, or for other cause if there is likely to be failure of justice for want of a judicial officer to issue a warrant." In Durden v....
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Foster v. Gidewon, 280 Ga. 21 (Ga. 2005).

Cited 7 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Nov 21, 2005 | 622 S.E.2d 357, 2005 Fulton County D. Rep. 3500

...The trial court determined that the conflict letter was untimely filed and proceeded with the hearing. See Uniform Superior Court Rule (“USCR”) 17.1. At the conclusion of the hearing, the court issued a mutual protective order pursuant to the Georgia Family Violence Act, OCGA § 19-13-1 et seq....
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Alexander v. Mosley, 515 S.E.2d 145 (Ga. 1999).

Cited 5 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Apr 12, 1999 | 271 Ga. 2, 99 Fulton County D. Rep. 1443

...Clarke, Jr., Sherry Herrera Campbell, Arthur H. Clarke, Jr., P.C., Warner Robins, for Gregory L. Mosley et al. HUNSTEIN, Justice. This action was brought by Gregory and Felecia Mosley against Linda Alexander seeking relief under the Family Violence Act, OCGA § 19-13-1 et seq., and to set aside transfers of real and personal property....
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Mandt v. Lovell, 293 Ga. 807 (Ga. 2013).

Cited 4 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Oct 21, 2013 | 750 S.E.2d 134, 2013 Fulton County D. Rep. 3192

...(Footnote omitted.) Id. at 170 (2). We granted certiorari to determine under what circumstances, if any, a trial court may terminate a permanent protective order pursuant to OCGA § 19-13-4.1 For the reasons set forth below, we affirm the Court of Appeals. OCGA § 19-13-1 et seq....
...es of family violence. “Family violence” refers to “(1) [a]ny felony; or (2) [c]ommission of offenses of battery, simple battery, simple assault, assault, stalking, criminal damage to property, unlawful restraint, or criminal trespass.” OCGA § 19-13-1....
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Jones v. Foster, 695 S.E.2d 21 (Ga. 2010).

Cited 4 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | May 3, 2010 | 287 Ga. 144, 2010 Fulton County D. Rep. 1527

...rts the trial court's findings. Blue v. Blue, 279 Ga. 550(1), 615 S.E.2d 540 (2005). Accordingly, we affirm. Judgment affirmed. All the Justices concur. NOTES [1] Though Jones' motion also asserted a prayer for relief from family violence under OCGA § 19-13-1 et seq., the trial court's order is silent thereon, and, in the absence of a hearing transcript, we can only assume that the trial court deemed this claim to have been abandoned.
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Biggers v. Crook, 656 S.E.2d 835 (Ga. 2008).

Cited 4 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Jan 28, 2008 | 283 Ga. 50, 2008 Fulton County D. Rep. 217

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Earl v. Mills, 598 S.E.2d 480 (Ga. 2004).

Cited 2 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Jun 28, 2004 | 278 Ga. 128, 2004 Fulton County D. Rep. 2123

...[2] State courts have jurisdiction concurrent with the superior courts over matters not within the exclusive jurisdiction of the superior court. OCGA § 15-7-4. [3] In essence, in the criminal arena, all misdemeanor cases involving family violence (see OCGA §§ 19-13-1 and 16-5-94) were to be filed in superior court and all misdemeanor and felony cases, except murder, in which the defendant and victim have children together were to be assigned to the juvenile court judges responding to the request for judicial assistance....
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Riggs v. State, 306 Ga. 759 (Ga. 2019).

Cited 1 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Sep 9, 2019

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Nguyen v. Dinh, 608 S.E.2d 211 (Ga. 2005).

Cited 1 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Jan 24, 2005 | 278 Ga. 887, 2005 Fulton County D. Rep. 210

...Paul, supra. 3. Husband contends that the trial court erred in granting Wife a permanent restraining order in the final decree because, at the time of its entry, the temporary family violence protective order previously granted to her pursuant to OCGA §§ 19-13-1 et seq....
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Goodson v. State, 305 Ga. 246 (Ga. 2019).

Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 18, 2019

...of force or deadly force was immediately necessary, may be permitted to offer: (1) Relevant evidence that the defendant had been the victim of acts of family violence or child abuse committed by the deceased, as such acts are described in Code Sections 19-13-1 and 19-15-1, respectively; and (2) Relevant expert testimony regarding the condition of the mind of the defendant at the time of the offense, including those relevant facts and hearing that he sought out an expert; but, a...
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Johnson v. State, 304 Ga. 369 (Ga. 2018).

Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Aug 27, 2018

...In short, we fail to see how OCGA § 17-6-1 (g) includes appeal bonds in State appeals that involve murder when it conflicts with another appeal bond statute to a person who has been convicted of any other felony offense or of any misdemeanor offense involving an act of family violence as defined in Code Section 19-13-1, or of any offense delineated as a high and aggravated misdemeanor or of any offense set forth in Code Section 40-6-391, shall be in the discretion of the convicting court....