Idaho Code

Idaho Code § 45-617 (2026)

Administrative proceedings for wage claims.

✓ current as of May 2026

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Administrative proceedings for wage claims.

(1) Wage claims filed with the department, excluding potential penalties, are limited by the same dollar amount that limits actions before the small claims department of the magistrate division of the district court.

(2) The contested case provisions of the Idaho administrative procedure act, chapter 52, title 67, Idaho Code, are inapplicable to proceedings involving wage claims under this chapter.

(3) Once a wage claim has been properly filed with the department, the provisions of this section shall provide the exclusive remedy for resolving the wage claim. If at any time after the filing of the wage claim the department determines that it lacks jurisdiction over the wage claim, the department shall provide written notification of its determination to the claimant and the employer. The claimant may then assert the wage claim in any court of competent jurisdiction. In the event the department determines that it lacks jurisdiction over the wage claim, the limitation periods provided for in section 45-614, Idaho Code, shall be tolled from the date the wage claim was filed with the department until the date notice that the department lacks jurisdiction is mailed to the claimant, as provided in subsection (8) of this section.

(4) A department compliance officer shall examine wage claims filed with the department and, on the basis of the facts found, shall determine whether the wage claimant is entitled to an award for unpaid wages and penalties. If the compliance officer is unable to determine whether wages and penalties are owed, the claim may be referred to a hearing officer for a determination. The department may adjust the amount of penalties awarded for an employer’s failure to comply with the requirements of section 45-606, Idaho Code. The department may award no penalty or may award a penalty in any amount up to the maximum amount allowed under section 45-607, Idaho Code. No penalty shall be awarded by the department unless a specific finding is made that wages were withheld willfully, arbitrarily and without just cause. Before the determination becomes final or an appeal is filed, the compliance or hearing officer that issued the determination may, on his own motion, issue a revised determination.

(5) The department may dismiss wage claims without prejudice when a claimant fails to respond within thirty (30) days to written notice from the department that additional action is required on the claimant’s part to prosecute the claim. The thirty (30) day period for a response begins the date the notice is mailed to the wage claimant’s last known address. Mailed responses from claimants are deemed received the date they are postmarked. A wage claim dismissed for lack of prosecution may be refiled with the department subject to the limitation periods provided in section 45-614, Idaho Code.

(6) The determinations and revised determinations shall include findings of fact and conclusions of law and contain provisions advising the claimant and employer of their rights to appeal the determination within fourteen (14) days from the date of mailing or the date of electronic transmission in a manner approved by the department.

(7) The timely filing of an appeal is mandatory and jurisdictional. The determination or revised determination shall become a final determination unless an appeal is filed by the claimant or the employer in accordance with this chapter and the department’s rules within fourteen (14) days after notice provided pursuant to subsection (8) of this section. Provided, however, if a party establishes by a preponderance of the evidence that, because of delay or error by the United States postal service or because of error on the part of the department, a determination or revised determination was not delivered to the party’s last known address or transmitted electronically in a manner approved by the department within fourteen (14) days of the date of mailing or service indicated on the determination or revised determination, the period for filing a timely appeal to the department or the commission extends to fourteen (14) days from the date of receipt of notice. If an appeal is not timely filed, the amount awarded by a determination or revised determination shall become immediately due and payable to the department and may be enforced by the department in accordance with section 45-618, Idaho Code.

(8) The claimant and the employer shall be entitled to prompt service of notice of determinations and revised determinations. Notice shall be deemed served if delivered to the person being served, if mailed to the person’s last known address, or if electronically transmitted to the claimant at the claimant’s request and with the department’s approval. Service by electronic transmission shall be deemed complete on the date notice is electronically transmitted. The date indicated on determinations or revised determinations as the date of service or date of mailing shall be presumed to be the date of service unless otherwise shown by a preponderance of competent evidence.

(9) An appeal from a wage claim determination or revised determination shall be in writing, signed by the appellant or the appellant’s representative and shall contain words that, by fair interpretation, request the appeal process for a specific determination of the department. The appeal may be filed by personal delivery, by mail, by electronic transmission, or by fax to the wage and hour section of the department at the address indicated on the wage claim determination. The date of personal delivery shall be noted on the appeal and shall be deemed the date of filing. If mailed, the appeal shall be deemed to be filed on the date of mailing as determined by the postmark. A faxed or electronically transmitted appeal shall be deemed filed on the date received by the wage and hour section. A faxed or electronically transmitted appeal received by the wage and hour section on a weekend or holiday shall be deemed filed on the next business day.

(10) To hear and decide appeals from determinations, the director shall appoint appeals examiners who have been specifically trained to hear wage claims. Unless the appeal is withdrawn, the appeals examiner shall affirm, modify, set aside or reverse the determination involved, after affording the claimant and the employer reasonable opportunity for a fair hearing, or may refer a matter back to the compliance or hearing officer for further action. The appeals examiner shall notify the claimant and the employer of his decision by serving notice in the same manner as provided in subsection (8) of this section. The decision shall set forth findings of fact and conclusions of law. The appeals examiner may, upon application for rehearing by the claimant, the employer, or on his own motion, rehear, affirm, modify, set aside or reverse any prior decision on the basis of the evidence previously submitted or on the basis of additional evidence; provided, that such application or motion be made within ten (10) days after the date of service of the decision. A complete record shall be kept of all proceedings in connection with an appealed wage claim. All testimony at any hearing shall be recorded. Witnesses subpoenaed by the appeals examiner shall be allowed fees at a rate prescribed by the director. If the claimant or the employer formally requests the appeals examiner to issue a subpoena for a witness whose evidence is deemed necessary, the appeals examiner shall promptly issue the subpoena, unless such request is determined to be unreasonable. Unless the claimant or the employer, within fourteen (14) days after service of the decision of the appeals examiner, seeks judicial review pursuant to section 45-619, Idaho Code, or unless an application or motion is made for a rehearing of such decision, the decision of the appeals examiner shall become final and the amount awarded by the decision shall become immediately due and payable to the department. A decision that has become final may be enforced by the department according to section 45-618, Idaho Code.

(11) No person acting on behalf of the director shall participate in any case in which he has a direct or indirect personal interest.

(12)(a) Any right, fact, or matter in issue, directly based upon or necessarily involved in a determination or decision of the appeals examiner that has become final, shall be conclusive for all the purposes of this chapter as between the claimant and the employer who had notice of such determination or decision. Subject to judicial review as set forth in this chapter, any determination or decision shall be conclusive for all purposes of this chapter and shall not be subject to collateral attack irrespective of notice.

(b) No finding of fact or conclusion of law contained in a determination or decision rendered pursuant to this chapter by an appeals examiner, a court, or any other person authorized to make such determinations shall have preclusive effect in any other action or proceeding, except proceedings that are brought:

(i) Pursuant to this chapter;

(ii) To collect wage claims; or

(iii) To challenge the constitutionality of provisions of this chapter or administrative proceedings under this chapter.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 14 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1990–2024 · leading case: Bilow v. Preco, Inc., 966 P.2d 23 (Idaho 1998).

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Bilow v. Preco, Inc., 966 P.2d 23 (Idaho 1998). · cites it 22× “Therefore, if the agreement is within the scope of ERISA, I.C. § 45-617 is preempted and Show’s wages are not subject to trebling.”

Polk v. Larrabee, 17 P.3d 247 (Idaho 2000). · cites it 11× “Family Home Center also asserts that the amount the Polks had claimed was not ascertainable because the wages were based on commissions for the sale of manufactured homes, some of which never actually closed.”

Hutchison v. Anderson, 950 P.2d 1275 (Idaho Ct. App. 1997). · cites it 10× “§ 12-120 when the underlying cause of action is a wage claim brought pursuant to I.C. § 45-617. Anderson contends that I.C.”

Paolini v. Albertson's Inc., 149 P.3d 822 (Idaho 2006). · cites it 4× “Larrabee , the employer unsuccessfully asserted that the "amount" employees claimed was not ascertainable for purposes of the trebling provisions of I.C. § 45-617 because the wages were based on commissions for sales of homes, some of which had not closed by the time of the…”

Roberts v. Wyman, 23 P.3d 152 (Idaho Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 20× “Thus, if Roberts prevails again on remand with respect to her claim for the $1,500 penalty, she will be entitled to an award of the attorney fees incurred in pursuing that claim under former I.C. § 45-617. We turn next to the award of attorney fees made by the magistrate on…”

Barth v. Canyon Cnty., 918 P.2d 576 (Idaho 1996). · cites it 14× “Idaho Code § 45-617 (4) states that “the plaintiff, or the director [of the department of labor and industrial services] in his behalf, shall be entitled to recover from the defendant, as damages, three (3) times the amount of unpaid wages found due and owing.”

Selkirk Seed Co. v. Forney, 996 P.2d 798 (Idaho 2000). · cites it 2× “See I.C. § 45-617; I.C. § 67-1401. By the same token, as legal representative of the Idaho Commission on Human Rights, the Attorney General is authorized to represent private individuals whose civil rights have been violated.”

De Witt v. Medley, 791 P.2d 1323 (Idaho Ct. App. 1990). · cites it 2× “This statute was also amended and redesignated in 1989 as I.C. § 45-617(4). 5 .According to I.C. § 45-609(3) (currently I.”

Spor v. Presta Oil Co., 798 P.2d 68 (Kan. Ct. App. 1990). “At least two other states have a statutory provision. identical to 44-324(a) — Idaho and Wyoming.”

Kennedy v. Hagadone Hosp. Co., 357 P.3d 1265 (Idaho 2015). “es do allow an exception for postal error in certain circumstances: If a party establishes by a preponderance of the evidence that notice of a Department determination was not delivered to the party’s last known address within fourteen (14) days of mailing, as provided by the…”

State Ex Rel. Dept. of Labor & Indus. Serv. v. Hill, 796 P.2d 155 (Idaho Ct. App. 1990). · cites it 2× “, fully concurred prior to his resignation on July 16, 1990. NOTES [1] The statute authorizing the Department's action in this case was former I.”

State ex rel. Dep't of Labor & Indus. Servs. v. Hill, 796 P.2d 155 (Idaho Ct. App. 1990). · cites it 2× “This statute has since been amended and recodified as I.C. § 45-617 (1989). This statute authorizes the Department director to receive assignment of the claim and to pursue it in court on the assignor's behalf after it is determined the claim is legitimate.”

Show all 14 citing cases →

— Idaho Code § 45-617(3) — 1 case

Roberts v. Wyman, 23 P.3d 152 (Idaho Ct. App. 2000). “Thus, if Roberts prevails again on remand with respect to her claim for the $1,500 penalty, she will be entitled to an award of the attorney fees incurred in pursuing that claim under former I.C. § 45-617. We turn next to the award of attorney fees made by the magistrate on…”

— Idaho Code § 45-617(4) — 8 cases

Bilow v. Preco, Inc., 966 P.2d 23 (Idaho 1998). “Therefore, if the agreement is within the scope of ERISA, I.C. § 45-617 is preempted and Show’s wages are not subject to trebling.”

Hutchison v. Anderson, 950 P.2d 1275 (Idaho Ct. App. 1997). “§ 12-120 when the underlying cause of action is a wage claim brought pursuant to I.C. § 45-617. Anderson contends that I.C.”

Polk v. Larrabee, 17 P.3d 247 (Idaho 2000). “Family Home Center also asserts that the amount the Polks had claimed was not ascertainable because the wages were based on commissions for the sale of manufactured homes, some of which never actually closed.”

Barth v. Canyon Cnty., 918 P.2d 576 (Idaho 1996). “Idaho Code § 45-617 (4) states that “the plaintiff, or the director [of the department of labor and industrial services] in his behalf, shall be entitled to recover from the defendant, as damages, three (3) times the amount of unpaid wages found due and owing.”

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