Kansas Statutes Annotated
K.S.A. § 60-446 (2026)
Manner of proof of character or character trait
✓ current as of May 2026
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60-446. Manner of proof of character or character trait. When a person's character or a trait of his or her character is in issue, it may be proved by testimony in the form of opinion, evidence of reputation, or evidence of specific instances of the person's conduct, subject, however, to the limitations of K.S.A. 60-447 and 60-448.
History: L. 1963, ch. 303, 60-446; January 1, 1964.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 46
cases (4 in the last 5 years), 1967–2026 · leading case: State v. Price, 61 P.3d 676 (Kan. 2003).
State v. Price, 61 P.3d 676 (Kan. 2003). “Counsel asked Ferreira whether she has seen any specific instances of behavior which support her opinion that the defendant is honest and kind.”
State v. Kuone, 757 P.2d 289 (Kan. 1988). “60-448 when a trait of a person's character is relevant as tending to prove conduct on a specified occasion, such trait may be proved in the same manner as provided by K.S.A. 60-446, except that... (b) in a criminal action evidence of a trait of an accused's character as tending…”
State v. Sampson, 301 P.3d 276 (Kan. 2013). “But we do not reach Sampson’s claim that evidence of the accomplice’s prior conviction was admissible under K.S.A. 60-446 or K.S.A. 60-447 because Sampson failed to preserve those arguments for review.”
State v. Walters, 159 P.3d 174 (Kan. 2007). “He proffered that Walters had read newspaper articles and watched television news accounts describing the incident, asserting, “If he believed that [the stand-off was] . . . true and that had some influence on his thought process or his state of mind at the time of this…”
State v. Pabst, 996 P.2d 321 (Kan. 2000). “60-446, except that (a) evidence of specific instances of conduct other than evidence of conviction of a crime which tends to prove the trait to be bad shall be inadmissible, and (b) in a criminal action evidence of a trait of an accused’s character as tending to prove guilt or…”
State v. Penn, 201 P.3d 752 (Kan. Ct. App. 2009). “’s general reputation for untruthfulness in the community where she lived under K.S.A. 60-446, the trial court properly excluded the evidence at trial.”
State v. Thurber, 420 P.3d 389 (Kan. 2018). “60-448 when a trait of a person's character is relevant as tending to prove conduct on a specified occasion, such trait may be proved in the same manner as provided by K.S.A. 60-446, except that (a) evidence of specific instances of conduct other than evidence of conviction of a…”
State v. Deavers, 843 P.2d 695 (Kan. 1992). “60-446, except that evidence of specific instances of conduct other than evidence of conviction of a crime which tends to prove the trait to be bad shall be inadmissible.”
State v. Frantz, 521 P.3d 1113 (Kan. 2022). “The court stated the evidence was also likely inadmissible under K.S.A. 60-446 because Patrick's character was not in issue.”
State v. Olsman, 473 P.3d 937 (Kan. Ct. App. 2020). “See K.S.A. 60-446. "Thus, a witness's credibility may be attacked by showing the witness has character traits for dishonesty or lack of veracity, but those traits may only be proven by opinion testimony or evidence of reputation.”
State v. Lowery, 427 P.3d 865 (Kan. 2018). “Lowery's complaint about the direct examination of the Carrolls involves his pretrial motion in limine, granted by the district court, prohibiting the prosecutor from "mentioning, referring to, or attempt[ing] to elicit in any manner, any evidence of prior convictions of the…”
State v. Sweat, 48 P.3d 8 (Kan. Ct. App. 2002). “Sweat contends her son should have been permitted to testify under K.S.A. 60-446, K.S.A. 60-447, and State v.”
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