Maryland Code
Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 1-103 (2026)
§ 1-103
✓ current as of May 2026
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§1–103.
(a) The Maryland Uniform Commercial Code shall be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies.
(b) The underlying purposes and policies of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code are:
(1) To simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions;
(2) To permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom, usage, and agreement of the parties; and
(3) To make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions.
(c) Unless displaced by the particular provisions of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent, estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy, or other validating or invalidating cause shall supplement its provisions, except that:
(1) The age of majority as it pertains to the capacity to contract is 18 years of age; and
(2) No person who is at least 18 years old shall be considered to be without capacity by reason of age.
(a) The Maryland Uniform Commercial Code shall be liberally construed and applied to promote its underlying purposes and policies.
(b) The underlying purposes and policies of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code are:
(1) To simplify, clarify, and modernize the law governing commercial transactions;
(2) To permit the continued expansion of commercial practices through custom, usage, and agreement of the parties; and
(3) To make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions.
(c) Unless displaced by the particular provisions of the Maryland Uniform Commercial Code, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity to contract, principal and agent, estoppel, fraud, misrepresentation, duress, coercion, mistake, bankruptcy, or other validating or invalidating cause shall supplement its provisions, except that:
(1) The age of majority as it pertains to the capacity to contract is 18 years of age; and
(2) No person who is at least 18 years old shall be considered to be without capacity by reason of age.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 8
cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1979–2022 · leading case: Maryland Nat'l Bank v. Wathen, 414 A.2d 1261 (Md. 1980).
Maryland Nat'l Bank v. Wathen, 414 A.2d 1261 (Md. 1980). “These damages (presumably the difference between fair market value and the sale price) do not in any way serve to relieve the debtor’s loss of his ability to redeem or refinance the collateral or drive up its sale price.”
Pelican Nat'l Bank v. Provident Bank, 849 A.2d 475 (Md. 2004). “Maryland Code (1975, 2002 Replacement Volume) § 1-103 of the Commercial Law Article provides: "Unless displaced by the particular provisions of Titles 1 through 10 of this article, the principles of law and equity, including the law merchant and the law relative to capacity to…”
Waller v. Maryland Nat'l Bank, 620 A.2d 381 (Md. Ct. Spec. App. 1993). “They also refer this Court to § 1-103 of the Commercial Law Article which provides, in pertinent part: *215 Unless displaced by the particular provisions of Titles 1 through 10 of this article, the principles of law and equity .”
Fithian v. Jamar, 410 A.2d 569 (Md. 1979). “The Uniform Commercial Code contains no provision expressly dealing with the right of an accommodation party to contribution from another accommodation party. However, the Code does provide that the principles of the common law remain applicable “[u]nless displaced by the…”
Advance Dental Care, Inc. v. Suntrust Bank, 906 F. Supp. 2d 442 (D. Maryland 2012). “, Md.Code, Com. Law § 1-103(b) (2012); see also Pero’s Steak, 90 S.”
Mar-Chek, Inc. v. Mfrs. & Traders Trust Co. (D. Maryland 2019). “Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 1-103 . Section 3-401 states that “a person is not liable on an instrument [unless] the person is represented by an agent or representative who signed the instrument and the signature is binding on the represented person under [Section 3-402 of the UCC].”
Titan Custom Cabinets, Inc. v. Truist Bank, Formerly Known as SunTrust Bank (D. Maryland 2020). “” Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 1-103 . Section 1-103 of the UCC allows for the continued application of all supplemental bodies of law unless they are explicitly displaced by the UCC.”
Texas Star Nut & Food Co., Inc v. Truist Bank (D. Maryland 2022). “Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 4A-104(1). Historically, the UCC was designed in part to “make uniform the law among the various jurisdictions.”
— Md. Code Ann., Com. Law § 1-103(b) — 1 case
Advance Dental Care, Inc. v. Suntrust Bank, 906 F. Supp. 2d 442 (D. Maryland 2012). “, Md.Code, Com. Law § 1-103(b) (2012); see also Pero’s Steak, 90 S.”
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