Nebraska Revised Statutes

Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2026)

Prisoner; civil actions; in forma pauperis litigation; limitation; finding by court that action was frivolous

✓ current as of July 2026
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(1) For purposes of this section:

(a) Civil action means a legal action seeking monetary damages, injunctive relief, declaratory relief, or any appeal filed in any court in this state that relates to or involves a prisoner's conditions of confinement. Civil action does not include a motion for postconviction relief or petition for habeas corpus relief;

(b) Conditions of confinement means any circumstance, situation, or event that involves a prisoner's custody, transportation, incarceration, or supervision;

(c) Correctional institution means any state or local facility that incarcerates or detains any adult accused of, charged with, convicted of, or sentenced for any crime;

(d) Frivolous means the law and evidence supporting a litigant's position is wholly without merit or rational argument; and

(e) Prisoner means any person who is incarcerated, imprisoned, or otherwise detained in a correctional institution.

(2)(a) A prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, commenced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this state shall not be permitted to proceed in forma pauperis for any further civil actions without leave of court. A court shall permit the prisoner to proceed in forma pauperis if the court determines that the person is in danger of serious bodily injury.

(b) A court may include in its final order or judgment in any civil action a finding that the action was frivolous.

(c) A finding under subdivision (2)(b) of this section shall be reflected in the record of the case.

(d) This subsection does not apply to judicial review of disciplinary procedures in adult institutions administered by the Department of Correctional Services governed by sections 83-4,109 to 83-4,123.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 5 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 2017–2023 · leading case: Mumin v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 25 Neb. Ct. App. 89 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017).
Mumin v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 25 Neb. Ct. App. 89 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 39× “Pursuant to Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(a) (Reissue 2016), a prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, commenced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this state shall not be…”
Robinson v. Houston, 298 Neb. 746 (Neb. 2018). · cites it 18× “There is no statu- tory basis for an interlocutory appeal of a denial of leave to proceed in forma pauperis under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (Reissue 2016).”
Gray v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 24 Neb. Ct. App. 713 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017). · cites it 18× “The State cited Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(a) (Reissue 2016), which states: A prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, com- menced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this…”
Mumin v. Frakes, 298 Neb. 381 (Neb. 2017). · cites it 3× “”25 For the sake of completeness, we also note that IFP applica- tions filed by prisoners seeking IFP status to file a civil action are subject to an additional statute, Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (Reissue 2016), but that statute does not apply to habeas corpus relief 26 and is…”
Johnson v. Frakes (Neb. Ct. App. 2023). · cites it 2× “Finally, the district court found Johnson’s claim to be frivolous, pursuant to Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(b) (Cum. Supp.”
— Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401(1)(a) — 4 cases
Mumin v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 25 Neb. Ct. App. 89 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017). “Pursuant to Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(a) (Reissue 2016), a prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, commenced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this state shall not be…”
Gray v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 24 Neb. Ct. App. 713 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017). “The State cited Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(a) (Reissue 2016), which states: A prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, com- menced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this…”
Mumin v. Frakes, 298 Neb. 381 (Neb. 2017). “”25 For the sake of completeness, we also note that IFP applica- tions filed by prisoners seeking IFP status to file a civil action are subject to an additional statute, Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (Reissue 2016), but that statute does not apply to habeas corpus relief 26 and is…”
Robinson v. Houston, 298 Neb. 746 (Neb. 2018). “There is no statu- tory basis for an interlocutory appeal of a denial of leave to proceed in forma pauperis under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (Reissue 2016).”
— Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401(1)(b) — 1 case
Mumin v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 25 Neb. Ct. App. 89 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017). “Pursuant to Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(a) (Reissue 2016), a prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, commenced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this state shall not be…”
— Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401(2)(a) — 3 cases
Mumin v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 25 Neb. Ct. App. 89 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017). “Pursuant to Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(a) (Reissue 2016), a prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, commenced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this state shall not be…”
Gray v. Nebraska Dept. of Corr. Servs., 24 Neb. Ct. App. 713 (Neb. Ct. App. 2017). “The State cited Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (2)(a) (Reissue 2016), which states: A prisoner who has filed three or more civil actions, com- menced after July 19, 2012, that have been found to be frivolous by a court of this state or a federal court for a case originating in this…”
Robinson v. Houston, 298 Neb. 746 (Neb. 2018). “There is no statu- tory basis for an interlocutory appeal of a denial of leave to proceed in forma pauperis under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-3401 (Reissue 2016).”
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