N.C. Gen. Stat. » Chapter 95
NC General Statutes

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 95-232 (2026)

Procedural requirements for the administration of controlled substance examinations

✓ current as of July 2026
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(a) An examiner who requests or requires an examinee to submit to a controlled substance examination shall comply with the procedural requirements set forth in this section.

(b) Collection of samples: the collection of samples for examination or screening shall be performed under reasonable and sanitary conditions. Individual dignity shall be preserved to the extent practicable. Samples shall be collected in a manner reasonably calculated to prevent substitution of samples and interference with the collection, examination, or screening of samples. Samples for prospective or current employees may be collected on-site or at an approved laboratory.

(c) Screening test of samples:

(1) Prospective employees: a preliminary screening procedure that utilizes a single-use test device may be used for prospective employees.

(2) Current employees: the screening test of samples for current employees shall only be performed by an approved laboratory.

(c1) Confirmation test of samples: if a screening test for a prospective employee produces a positive result, an approved laboratory shall confirm that result by a second examination of the sample utilizing gas chromatography with mass spectrometry or an equivalent scientifically accepted method, unless the examinee signs a written waiver at the time or after they receive the preliminary test result. All screening tests for current employees that produce a positive result shall be confirmed by a second examination of the sample utilizing gas chromatography with mass spectrometry or an equivalent scientifically accepted method.

(d) Retention of samples: a portion of every sample that produces a confirmed positive examination result shall be preserved by the laboratory that conducts the confirmatory examination for a period of at least 90 days from the time the results of the confirmed positive examination are mailed or otherwise delivered to the examiner.

(e) Chain of custody: the examiner or his agent shall establish procedures regarding chain of custody for sample collection and examination to ensure proper record keeping, handling, labeling, and identification of examination samples.

(f) Retesting of positive samples: the examinee shall have the right to retest a confirmed positive sample at the same or another approved laboratory. The examiner, through the approved laboratory, shall make confirmed positive samples available to the affected examinee, or a designated agent, during the time which the sample is required to be retained. The examinee must request release of the sample in writing specifying to which approved laboratory the sample is to be sent. The examinee incurs all reasonable expenses for chain of custody procedures, shipping, and retesting of positive samples related to this request. (1991, c. 687, s. 1; 1993, c. 213, s. 2; 1995, c. 383, s. 1; 2006-264, s. 52(a); 2009-535, s. 1.)

 

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 2 cases, 1998–1999 · leading case: Garner v. Rentenbach Constructors Inc., 515 S.E.2d 438 (N.C. 1999).
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Garner v. Rentenbach Constructors Inc., 515 S.E.2d 438 (N.C. 1999). · cites it 12× “Plaintiff filed this action on 7 August 1995 alleging, inter alia, that his discharge from employment based on positive drug-screening results was wrongful because defendant violated N.C.G.S. § 95-232 by failing to have the testing performed by an “approved laboratory,” as…”
Garner v. Rentenbach Constructors Inc., 501 S.E.2d 83 (N.C. Ct. App. 1998). · cites it 20× “In his complaint the plaintiff alleged that the defendant had not followed the drug testing requirements set forth by N.C. Gen. Stat. § 95-232 . Among other things, the plaintiff alleged that Allied Clinical Laboratories (ACL), the laboratory used by the defendant to conduct the…”
— N.C. Gen. Stat. § 95-232(a) — 1 case
Garner v. Rentenbach Constructors Inc., 515 S.E.2d 438 (N.C. 1999). “Plaintiff filed this action on 7 August 1995 alleging, inter alia, that his discharge from employment based on positive drug-screening results was wrongful because defendant violated N.C.G.S. § 95-232 by failing to have the testing performed by an “approved laboratory,” as…”
— N.C. Gen. Stat. § 95-232(c) — 2 cases
Garner v. Rentenbach Constructors Inc., 515 S.E.2d 438 (N.C. 1999). “Plaintiff filed this action on 7 August 1995 alleging, inter alia, that his discharge from employment based on positive drug-screening results was wrongful because defendant violated N.C.G.S. § 95-232 by failing to have the testing performed by an “approved laboratory,” as…”
Garner v. Rentenbach Constructors Inc., 501 S.E.2d 83 (N.C. Ct. App. 1998). “In his complaint the plaintiff alleged that the defendant had not followed the drug testing requirements set forth by N.C. Gen. Stat. § 95-232 . Among other things, the plaintiff alleged that Allied Clinical Laboratories (ACL), the laboratory used by the defendant to conduct the…”
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