Texas Codes

Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301 (2026)

Threats Or Coercion

✓ current as of May 2026

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Sec. 392.301. THREATS OR COERCION. (a) In debt collection, a debt collector may not use threats, coercion, or attempts to coerce that employ any of the following practices:

(1) using or threatening to use violence or other criminal means to cause harm to a person or property of a person;

(2) accusing falsely or threatening to accuse falsely a person of fraud or any other crime;

(3) representing or threatening to represent to any person other than the consumer that a consumer is wilfully refusing to pay a nondisputed consumer debt when the debt is in dispute and the consumer has notified in writing the debt collector of the dispute;

(4) threatening to sell or assign to another the obligation of the consumer and falsely representing that the result of the sale or assignment would be that the consumer would lose a defense to the consumer debt or would be subject to illegal collection attempts;

(5) threatening that the debtor will be arrested for nonpayment of a consumer debt without proper court proceedings;

(6) threatening to file a charge, complaint, or criminal action against a debtor when the debtor has not violated a criminal law;

(7) threatening that nonpayment of a consumer debt will result in the seizure, repossession, or sale of the person's property without proper court proceedings; or

(8) threatening to take an action prohibited by law.

(b) Subsection (a) does not prevent a debt collector from:

(1) informing a debtor that the debtor may be arrested after proper court proceedings if the debtor has violated a criminal law of this state;

(2) threatening to institute civil lawsuits or other judicial proceedings to collect a consumer debt; or

(3) exercising or threatening to exercise a statutory or contractual right of seizure, repossession, or sale that does not require court proceedings.

Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. 1008, Sec. 1, eff. Sept. 1, 1997.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 93 cases (19 in the last 5 years), 2000–2025 · leading case: McCaig Ex Rel. Est. of McCaig v. Wells Fargo Bank (Texas), N.A., 788 F.3d 463 (5th Cir. 2015).

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McCaig Ex Rel. Est. of McCaig v. Wells Fargo Bank (Texas), N.A., 788 F.3d 463 (5th Cir. 2015). · cites it 10× “See Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(3). Neither requirement is satisfied here.”

Brush v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 911 F. Supp. 2d 445 (S.D. Tex. 2012). · cites it 5× “The TDCA Claims The Brushes allege that Wells Fargo violated the Texas Debt Collection Act in five ways: it threatened that not paying the loan would lead to seizure of the property without proper court proceedings, Tex Fin.Code § 392.301(a)(7); it threatened to take actions…”

Roger Singha v. BAC Home Loans Servicing, L, 564 F. App'x 65 (5th Cir. 2014). · cites it 4× “Tex. Fin.Code § 392.301(a)(8). It also prohibits “using any other false representation or deceptive means to collect a debt.”

Douglas v. Wells Fargo Bank, 992 F.3d 367 (5th Cir. 2021). · cites it 2× “They also filed claims for alleged violations of the Texas Debt Collection Act (TDCA), Texas Financial Code sections 392.301(a)(8) and 392.”

Biggers v. BAC Home Loans Servicing, LP, 767 F. Supp. 2d 725 (N.D. Tex. 2011). · cites it 2× “” The Biggers base their TDCPA claim on the allegation that BAC violated Tex. Fin.Code Ann. § 392.301(a)(8) (West 2006), which provides: “In debt collection, a debt collector may not use threats, coercion, or attempts to coerce that employ any of the following practices: .”

Johnson v. Wells Fargo Bank, 999 F. Supp. 2d 919 (N.D. Tex. 2014). · cites it 2× “304(a)(8); (3) attempting to collect charges incidental to the obligation under Texas Finance Code § 392.303(a)(2); and (4) foreclosing when the law prohibits it in violation of Texas Finance Code § 392.”

Henderson v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 974 F. Supp. 2d 993 (N.D. Tex. 2013). · cites it 3× “See Tex. Fin.Code Ann. §§ 392.301 et seq. Henderson alleges in his Complaint that sections 392.”

Bryant v. CIT Grp./Consum. Fin., Inc., 303 F. Supp. 3d 515 (S.D. Tex. 2018). · cites it 3× “Eleventh, Bryant contends that BANA violated the Texas Debt Collection Act under Texas Financial Code sections 392.301(a)(8), 392.”

Sgroe v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 941 F. Supp. 2d 731 (E.D. Tex. 2013). · cites it 2× “” Tex. Fin.Code § 392.301(b)(3); Sweet v. Wachovia Bank and Trust Company, No.”

Danny Robinson v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., e, 576 F. App'x 358 (5th Cir. 2014). · cites it 2× “” 2 A Texas Finance Code § 392.301(a)(8) provides that “a debt collector may not use threats, coercion, or attempts to coerce that employ [the practice of] threatening to take an action prohibited by law.”

Diana Rucker v. Bank of Am., N.A., 806 F.3d 828 (5th Cir. 2015). “” Tex. Fin.Code Ann. § 392.301(a)(8). Rucker alleges that BOA’s threatened foreclosure was prohibited by law because BOA had .”

Casstevens v. Smith, 269 S.W.3d 222 (Tex. App. 2008). “See Tex. Fin. Code Ann. §§ 392.301 -.306 (Vernon 2006).”

Show all 93 citing cases →

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(8) — 1 case

Hu v. Stewart (S.D. Tex. 2021).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a) — 3 cases

Henderson v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 974 F. Supp. 2d 993 (N.D. Tex. 2013). “See Tex. Fin.Code Ann. §§ 392.301 et seq. Henderson alleges in his Complaint that sections 392.”

Charlie Thomas Courtesy Leasing, Inc. v. Taylor, 44 S.W.3d 684 (Tex. App. 2001).

Gerald Stevens v. State (Tex. App. 2015).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(1) — 2 cases

Clarke Barcus, C-2-It Rental, Inc., 440 Equip., LLC & Cyrus Barcus v. Sarah Scharbauer (Tex. App. 2021).

Janet Oloyede & Olu Oloyede v. Citizens Bank, N.A. (Tex. App. 2023).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(29) — 1 case

Hare v. Hosto & Buchan, Pllc, 774 F. Supp. 2d 849 (S.D. Tex. 2011).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(3) — 4 cases

McCaig Ex Rel. Est. of McCaig v. Wells Fargo Bank (Texas), N.A., 788 F.3d 463 (5th Cir. 2015). “See Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(3). Neither requirement is satisfied here.”

Henderson v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 974 F. Supp. 2d 993 (N.D. Tex. 2013). “See Tex. Fin.Code Ann. §§ 392.301 et seq. Henderson alleges in his Complaint that sections 392.”

David McCaig v. Wells Fargo Bank (Texas), N (5th Cir. 2015).

Wallace Roofing, Inc. & Royce Dean Wallace v. Linda Benson (Tex. App. 2013).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(5) — 1 case

Taggatz v. Midland Credit Mgmt., Inc. (W.D. Tex. 2020).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(6) — 1 case

Alma Rosa Galindo v. Thomas Snoddy, 415 S.W.3d 905 (Tex. App. 2013).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(7) — 6 cases

McCaig Ex Rel. Est. of McCaig v. Wells Fargo Bank (Texas), N.A., 788 F.3d 463 (5th Cir. 2015). “See Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(3). Neither requirement is satisfied here.”

Brush v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 911 F. Supp. 2d 445 (S.D. Tex. 2012). “The TDCA Claims The Brushes allege that Wells Fargo violated the Texas Debt Collection Act in five ways: it threatened that not paying the loan would lead to seizure of the property without proper court proceedings, Tex Fin.Code § 392.301(a)(7); it threatened to take actions…”

Janos Farkas v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. & Brice Vander Linden & Wernic, P.C. N/K/A Buckley Madole, P.C. (Tex. App. 2015).

David McCaig v. Wells Fargo Bank (Texas), N (5th Cir. 2015).

Brian Bartolowits v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A. (5th Cir. 2018).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(8) — 31 cases

Douglas v. Wells Fargo Bank, 992 F.3d 367 (5th Cir. 2021). “They also filed claims for alleged violations of the Texas Debt Collection Act (TDCA), Texas Financial Code sections 392.301(a)(8) and 392.”

Biggers v. BAC Home Loans Servicing, LP, 767 F. Supp. 2d 725 (N.D. Tex. 2011). “” The Biggers base their TDCPA claim on the allegation that BAC violated Tex. Fin.Code Ann. § 392.301(a)(8) (West 2006), which provides: “In debt collection, a debt collector may not use threats, coercion, or attempts to coerce that employ any of the following practices: .”

Bryant v. CIT Grp./Consum. Fin., Inc., 303 F. Supp. 3d 515 (S.D. Tex. 2018). “Eleventh, Bryant contends that BANA violated the Texas Debt Collection Act under Texas Financial Code sections 392.301(a)(8), 392.”

Danny Robinson v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., e, 576 F. App'x 358 (5th Cir. 2014). “” 2 A Texas Finance Code § 392.301(a)(8) provides that “a debt collector may not use threats, coercion, or attempts to coerce that employ [the practice of] threatening to take an action prohibited by law.”

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(b)(2) — 1 case

Hare v. Hosto & Buchan, Pllc, 774 F. Supp. 2d 849 (S.D. Tex. 2011).

— Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(b)(3) — 11 cases

McCaig Ex Rel. Est. of McCaig v. Wells Fargo Bank (Texas), N.A., 788 F.3d 463 (5th Cir. 2015). “See Tex. Fin. Code § 392.301(a)(3). Neither requirement is satisfied here.”

Sgroe v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., 941 F. Supp. 2d 731 (E.D. Tex. 2013). “” Tex. Fin.Code § 392.301(b)(3); Sweet v. Wachovia Bank and Trust Company, No.”

Roger Singha v. BAC Home Loans Servicing, L, 564 F. App'x 65 (5th Cir. 2014). “Tex. Fin.Code § 392.301(a)(8). It also prohibits “using any other false representation or deceptive means to collect a debt.”

Johnson v. Wells Fargo Bank, 999 F. Supp. 2d 919 (N.D. Tex. 2014). “304(a)(8); (3) attempting to collect charges incidental to the obligation under Texas Finance Code § 392.303(a)(2); and (4) foreclosing when the law prohibits it in violation of Texas Finance Code § 392.”

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