28 U.S.C. § 1331

Federal question

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The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions arising under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 56,323 cases (19,091 in the last 5 years), 1940–2026 · leading case: Arbaugh v. Y & H Corp., 546 U.S. 500 (2006).
Arbaugh v. Y & H Corp., 546 U.S. 500 (2006). · cites it 7× “28 U. S. C. § 1331 . Title VII actions fit that description.”
Verizon Maryland Inc. v. Pub. Serv. Comm'n of Maryland, 535 U.S. 635 (2002). · cites it 9× “§ 252 (e)(6) and 28 U. S. C. § 1331 as the basis for jurisdiction, and naming as defendants the Commission, its individual members in their official capacities, WorldCom, and other competing LECs.”
Heckler v. Ringer, 466 U.S. 602 (1984). · cites it 15× “Respondents relied on 28 U. S. C. § 1331 (federal question), 28 U.”
Empire Healthchoice Assurance, Inc. v. McVeigh, 547 U.S. 677 (2006). · cites it 10× “The question presented is whether 28 U. S. C. § 1331 (authorizing jurisdiction over "civil actions arising under the .”
Califano v. Sanders, 430 U.S. 99 (1977). · cites it 10× “§ 1331 (a) to eliminate the requirement of a specified amount in controversy as a prerequisite to the maintenance of "any [§ 1331] action brought against the United States, any agency thereof, or any officer or employee thereof in his official capacity.”
Weinberger v. Salfi, 422 U.S. 749 (1975). · cites it 18× “That court concluded that it had jurisdiction of the action by virtue of 28 U. S. C. § 1331 , and eventually certified the case as a class action.”
City of Oakland v. Bp P.L.C., 969 F.3d 895 (9th Cir. 2020). · cites it 8× “The district court denied the cities’ motion to remand the cases to state court, holding that it had federal-question jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C. § 1331 because the cities’ claim was “necessarily governed by federal common law.”
Shalala v. Illinois Council on Long Term Care, Inc., 529 U.S. 1 (2000). · cites it 14× “The association invoked the court's federal-question jurisdiction, 28 U. S. C. § 1331 . The District Court dismissed the suit on the ground that it lacked jurisdiction.”
Atl. Richfield Co. v. Christian, 140 S. Ct. 1335 (2020). · cites it 11× “” 28 U. S. C. §1331 . In the mine run of cases, “[a] suit arises under the law that creates the cause of action.”
Duke Power Co. v. Carolina Env't Study Grp., Inc., 438 U.S. 59 (1978). · cites it 10× “Hence, if there exists jurisdiction to hear appellees' claims at all, it must be derived from 28 U. S. C. § 1331 (a) (1976 ed.), the general federal-question statute, rather than from § 1337—the jurisdictional base pleaded.”
Nicodemus v. Union Pac. Corp., 318 F.3d 1231 (10th Cir. 2003). · cites it 16× “In that same order, the district court, sua sponte, dismissed plaintiffs’ causes of action for lack of subject-matter jurisdiction, concluding that it lacked jurisdiction under both 28 U.S.C. § 1331 and 1332. Id. Union Pacific then filed a motion under Rule 59(e) requesting that…”
Hamdi Ex Rel. Hamdi v. Napolitano, 620 F.3d 615 (6th Cir. 2010). · cites it 20× “Neither the parties nor the district court discussed whether Hamdi could assert subject-matter jurisdiction under general federal-question jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1331 , and whether the district court, by grounding its decision in 8 U.”
— 28 U.S.C. § 1331(1) — 2 cases
Gravois v. Travelers Indem. Co., 173 So. 2d 550 (La. Ct. App. 1965).
Johnson v. Biden (M.D. Tenn. 2022).
— 28 U.S.C. § 1331(a) — 35 cases
Apton v. Wilson, 506 F.2d 83 (D.C. Cir. 1974).
— 28 U.S.C. § 1331(b) — 1 case
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