U.S. Code » Title 42 » Chapter CHAPTER 77— ENERGY CONSERVATION

42 U.S.C. § 703

DEFINITIONS.

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“In this title:“(1)Alliance.—The term ‘Alliance’ means a national oilheat fuel research alliance established under section 704.“(2)Consumer education.—The term ‘consumer education’ means the provision of information to assist consumers and other persons in making evaluations and decisions regarding oilheat fuel and other nonindustrial commercial or residential space or hot water heating fuels.“(3)Cost-effective.—The term ‘cost-effective’, with respect to a program or activity carried out under section 707(f)(4), means that the program or activity meets a total resource cost test under which—“(A) the net present value of economic benefits over the life of the program or activity, including avoided supply and delivery costs and deferred or avoided investments; is greater than“(B) the net present value of the economic costs over the life of the program or activity, including program costs and incremental costs borne by the energy consumer.“(4)Exchange.—The term ‘exchange’ means an agreement that—“(A) entitles each party or its customers to receive oilheat fuel from the other party; and“(B) requires only an insubstantial portion of the volumes involved in the exchange to be settled in cash or property other than the oilheat fuel.“(5)Industry trade association.—The term ‘industry trade association’ means an organization described in paragraph (3) or (6) of section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 501(c)(3), (6)] that is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of that Code and is organized for the purpose of representing the oilheat fuel industry.“(6)No. 1 distillate.—The term ‘No. 1 distillate’ means fuel oil classified as No. 1 distillate by the American Society for Testing and Materials.“(7)No. 2 dyed distillate.—The term ‘No. 2 dyed distillate’ means fuel oil classified as No. 2 distillate by the American Society for Testing and Materials that is indelibly dyed in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury under section 4082(a)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [26 U.S.C. 4082(a)(2)].“(8)Oilheat fuel.—The term ‘oilheat fuel’ means fuel that—“(A) is—“(i) No. 1 distillate;“(ii) No. 2 dyed distillate;“(iii) a liquid blended with No. 1 distillate or No. 2 dyed distillate; or“(iv) a biobased liquid; and“(B) is used as a fuel for nonindustrial commercial or residential space or hot water heating.“(9)Oilheat fuel industry.—“(A)In general.—The term ‘oilheat fuel industry’ means—“(i) persons in the production, transportation, or sale of oilheat fuel; and“(ii) persons engaged in the manufacture or distribution of oilheat fuel utilization equipment.“(B)Exclusion.—The term ‘oilheat fuel industry’ does not include ultimate consumers of oilheat fuel.“(10)Public member.—The term ‘public member’ means a member of the Alliance described in section 705(c)(1)(F).“(11)Qualified industry organization.—The term ‘qualified industry organization’ means the National Association for Oilheat Research and Education or a successor organization.“(12)Qualified state association.—The term ‘qualified State association’ means the industry trade association or other organization that the qualified industry organization or the Alliance determines best represents retail marketers in a State.“(13)Retail marketer.—The term ‘retail marketer’ means a person engaged primarily in the sale of oilheat fuel to ultimate consumers.“(14)Secretary.—The term ‘Secretary’ means the Secretary of Energy.“(15)Wholesale distributor.—The term ‘wholesale distributor’ means a person that—“(A)(i) produces No. 1 distillate or No. 2 dyed distillate;“(ii) imports No. 1 distillate or No. 2 dyed distillate; or“(iii) transports No. 1 distillate or No. 2 dyed distillate across State boundaries or among local marketing areas; and“(B) sells the distillate to another person that does not produce, import, or transport No. 1 distillate or No. 2 dyed distillate across State boundaries or among local marketing areas.“(16)State.—The term ‘State’ means the several States, except the State of Alaska.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 10 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1968–2025 · leading case: Texas Parks & Wildlife Dep't v. Dearing, 240 S.W.3d 330 (Tex. App. 2007).
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Texas Parks & Wildlife Dep't v. Dearing, 240 S.W.3d 330 (Tex. App. 2007). · cites it 2× “yer: (1) fails or refuses to hire an individual, discharges an individual, or discriminates in any other manner against an individual in connection with compensation or the terms, conditions, or privileges of employment; or (2) limits, segregates, or classifies an employee or…”
McFarland Ex Rel. McFarland v. Jefferson Cnty. Pub. Schs., 330 F. Supp. 2d 834 (W.D. Ky. 2004). “Plaintiffs offer a litany of federal laws under which federal jurisdiction is appropriate and under which they request that the Court find their civil rights have been violated: Titles VI and VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, 42 U.S.C. § 703 (a)(1), the Civil Rights Act of…”
Equal Emp. Opportunity Comm'n v. Sears, Roebuck & Co., 628 F. Supp. 1264 (N.D. Ill. 1986). “However, in the final pretrial order, EEOC specifically stipulated that it alleged that Sears discriminated against women under Section 703(a)(1) of Title VII, 42 U.S.C. § 703 (a)(1). Final Pre-Trial Order, Tab III.”
Wilson v. Sw. Airlines Co., 517 F. Supp. 292 (N.D. Tex. 1981). “Southwest contends, however, that the BFOQ exception to Title VIPs ban on sex discrimination, 42 U.S.C. § 703 (e), justifies its hiring only females for the public contact positions of flight attendant and ticket agent.”
Atl. States Legal Found. v. Babbitt, 140 F. Supp. 2d 185 (N.D.N.Y. 2001). “Plaintiff filed its original complaint roughly one month later, alleging that the federal defendants — Bruce Babbitt and USDI — violated the MBTA, National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), 42 U.S.C. § 703 , et seq., and the Administrative Procedure Act (“APA”), 5 U.”
Norton v. Blaylock, 285 F. Supp. 659 (W.D. Ark. 1968). “§ 602 (a) (5), for maternal and child welfare, 42 U.S.C.A. § 703 (a) (3), and for aid to the blind, 42 U.”
Atl. Legal States Found. v. Babbit, 83 F. Supp. 2d 344 (N.D.N.Y. 2000). “Plaintiff filed its complaint roughly a month later, alleging that the federal defendants — Bruce Babbitt and USDI — violated the MBTA, National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), 42 U.S.C. § 703 , et seq., and the Administrative Procedure Act (“APA”), 5 U.”
Perry v. Clement (N.D.N.Y. 2025). “§ 1981 (“Fourth Claim”); (5) a claim that Defendants engaged in unlawful employment practices in violation of 42 U.S.C. § 703 (a)(2) by failing to provide him his annual employee evaluation (“Fifth Claim”); (6) a claim of retaliation resulting from his filing of complaints…”
Texas Parks & Wildlife Dep't v. Milburn Dearing, Kenneth Head, & Mike Warren, Individually & on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated (Tex. App. 2007). “051 . Section 21.051 "is substantively identical to its federal equivalent in Title VII," but adds age and disability to the protected categories.”
Texas Parks & Wildlife Dep't v. Milburn Dearing, Kenneth Head, & Mike Warren, Individually & on Behalf of All Others Similarly Situated (Tex. App. 2007). “42 U.S.C.A. § 703 (a). Subsection (2) of section 21.”
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