Ala. Code
Code of Alabama

Ala. Code § 31-9-16 (2026)

Immunity of State, Etc., from Liability for Torts Resulting from Emergency Management Activities; Exemptions of Emergency Management Workers from License Requirements; Powers, Duties, Etc., of Emergency Management Workers.

✓ official Alabama Legislature (ALISON) text, current July 2026
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(a) All functions under this article and all other activities relating to emergency management are hereby declared to be governmental functions.

(b) Neither the state nor any political subdivision thereof nor other agencies of the state or political subdivisions thereof, nor, except in cases of willful misconduct, gross negligence, or bad faith, any emergency management worker, individual, partnership, association, or corporation complying with or reasonably attempting to comply with this article or any order, rule, or regulation promulgated pursuant to the provisions of this article or pursuant to any ordinance relating to blackout or other precautionary measures enacted by any political subdivision of the state, shall be liable for the death of or injury to persons, or for damage to property, as a result of any such activity. The provisions of this section shall not affect the right of any person to receive benefits to which he would otherwise be entitled under this article or under the Workers’ Compensation Law or under any pension law, nor the right of any such person to receive any benefits or compensation under any act of Congress.

(c) Any requirement for a license to practice any professional, mechanical, or other skill shall not apply to any authorized emergency management worker who shall, in the course of performing his duties as such, practice such professional, mechanical, or other skill during an emergency management emergency.

(d) As used in this section, the term “emergency management worker” shall include any full-or part-time paid, volunteer, or auxiliary employee of this state, or other states, territories, possessions, or the District of Columbia, of the federal government, of any neighboring county or of any political subdivision thereof, or of any agency or organization performing emergency management services at any place in this state subject to the order or control of, or pursuant to, a request of, the state government or any political subdivision thereof.

(e) Any emergency management worker, as defined in this section, performing emergency management services at any place in this state pursuant to agreements, compacts, or arrangements for mutual aid and assistance to which the state or a political subdivision thereof is a party, shall possess the same powers, duties, immunities, and privileges he would ordinarily possess if performing his duties in the state, province, or political subdivision thereof in which normally employed or rendering services.

(Acts 1955, No. 47, p. 267, §16.)

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 3 cases, 2007–2012 · leading case: In Re Fema Trailer Formaldehyde Prods. Liab. Litig., 668 F.3d 281 (5th Cir. 2012).
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In Re Fema Trailer Formaldehyde Prods. Liab. Litig., 668 F.3d 281 (5th Cir. 2012). “Ala.Code § 31-9-16(b) (emphasis added). Any person owning or controlling real estate or other premises who voluntarily and without compensation grants a license or privilege, or otherwise permits the designation or use of the whole or any part or parts of such real estate or…”
City of Selma v. Dallas Cnty., 964 So. 2d 12 (Ala. 2007). “Additionally, § 31-9-16(a), a part of the Alabama Emergency Management Act of 1955, provides: “All functions under this chapter and all other activities relating to emergency management are hereby declared to be governmental functions.”
In Re: Fema Trailer (5th Cir. 2012). · cites it 2× “Ala. Code § 31-9-16 (b) (emphasis added).”
— Ala. Code § 31-9-16(a) — 1 case
City of Selma v. Dallas Cnty., 964 So. 2d 12 (Ala. 2007). “Additionally, § 31-9-16(a), a part of the Alabama Emergency Management Act of 1955, provides: “All functions under this chapter and all other activities relating to emergency management are hereby declared to be governmental functions.”
— Ala. Code § 31-9-16(b) — 1 case
In Re Fema Trailer Formaldehyde Prods. Liab. Litig., 668 F.3d 281 (5th Cir. 2012). “Ala.Code § 31-9-16(b) (emphasis added). Any person owning or controlling real estate or other premises who voluntarily and without compensation grants a license or privilege, or otherwise permits the designation or use of the whole or any part or parts of such real estate or…”
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