Code of Alabama

Ala. Code § 41-22-16 (2026)

Form and Content of Final Order; When Final Order to Be Rendered; Service of Notice and Copies of Final Order.

✓ official Alabama Legislature (ALISON) text, current July 2026
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(a) The final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and made a part of the record and include findings of fact and conclusions of law separately stated, and it shall be rendered within 30 days:

(1) After the hearing is concluded, if conducted by the agency;

(2) After a recommended order, or findings and conclusions are submitted to the agency and mailed to all parties, if the hearing is conducted by a hearing officer; or

(3) After the agency has received the written and oral material it has authorized to be submitted, if there has been no hearing. The 30 day period may be waived or extended with the consent of all parties and may be extended by law with reference to specific agencies.

(b) Findings of fact, if set forth in a manner which is no more than mere tracking of the statutory language, shall be accompanied by a concise and explicit statement of the underlying facts of record which support the findings. If, in accordance with agency rules, a party submitted proposed findings of fact or filed any written application or other request in connection with the proceeding, the order shall include a ruling upon each proposed finding and a brief statement of the grounds for denying the application or request.

(c) If an agency head finds that an immediate danger to the public health, safety, or welfare requires an immediate final order, it shall recite with particularity the facts underlying such findings in the final order, which shall be appealable or enjoinable from the date rendered.

(d) Parties shall be notified either personally or by certified mail return receipt requested of any order and, unless waived, a copy of the final order shall be so delivered or mailed to each party or to his or her attorney of record. Provided, however, that, except as hereinafter provided, notification of any order other than a final decision or order subject to judicial review may, where permitted by existing statute, be delivered by first class mail, postage prepaid, and delivery shall be effective upon deposit of the notice and, unless waived, the final order in the mail; provided, the notification of the final order subject to judicial review, together with a copy of the final order, shall be delivered either by personal service as in civil actions or by certified mail, return receipt requested.

(Acts 1981, No. 81-855, p. 1534, §16; Acts 1986, No. 86-472, p. 880, §1.)

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 25 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 1983–2025 · leading case: Harrison v. State Dep't of Indus. Relations, 42 So. 3d 132 (Ala. Civ. App. 2010).
Harrison v. State Dep't of Indus. Relations, 42 So. 3d 132 (Ala. Civ. App. 2010). · cites it 29× “In his argument that the notice had to be mailed to him by certified mail, Harrison ignores earlier provisions in § 41-22-16 that describe final orders that must be sent to the parties by certified mail.”
Huntsville Hous. Auth. v. State Licensing Bd. for Gen. Contractors, 179 So. 3d 146 (Ala. Civ. App. 2014). · cites it 13× “Once the Board complies with all of the requirements of § 41-22-16, including fo- *157 suing a written final decision containing findings of fact and conclusions of law, then and only then will the time in which HHA has to appeal the decision begin to run.”
Ex Parte Shelby Med. Ctr., Inc., 564 So. 2d 63 (Ala. 1990). · cites it 5× “See commentary to § 41-22-16. SHPDA makes two claims in response to this failure to make factual findings.”
Alabama State Pers. Bd. v. Garner, 4 So. 3d 545 (Ala. Civ. App. 2008). · cites it 6× “6 The circuit court also concluded that Garner did not receive a timely decision from the Board pursuant to § 41-22-16(a), Ala.Code 1975. Section 41-22-16(a)(1) and (2) provides: “(a) The final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and…”
Noland Health Servs., Inc. v. State Health Plan. & Dev. Agency, 44 So. 3d 1074 (Ala. 2010). · cites it 6× “Section 41-22-16(a) provides: “(a) The final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and made a part of the record and include findings of fact and conclusions of law separately stated, and it shall be rendered within 30 days: “(1) After the…”
Alabama State Pers. Bd. v. Hardy, 27 So. 3d 540 (Ala. Civ. App. 2008). · cites it 5× “” Pursuant to its regulations, the Board has adopted a procedure for hearing appeals that is controlled by subsection (a)(2) of § 41-22-16. See Alabama State Pers. Bd. v.”
M.H. v. Cleburne Cnty. Dep't of Human Resources, 158 So. 3d 471 (Ala. Civ. App. 2014). · cites it 3× “Code 1975, a part of the AAPA, provides that a “final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and made a part of the record” within 30 days after the conclusion of the hearing.”
State, Dep't of Conservation & Nat. Resources v. State Pers. Bd., 637 So. 2d 894 (Ala. Civ. App. 1994). · cites it 4× “Hence, this appeal. The issues raised by the Department are whether the trial court applied the correct standard of review and whether the Board’s order to reinstate Collins is valid pursuant to Ala.”
R.R. Com'n of Texas v. Lone Star Gas Co., 656 S.W.2d 421 (Tex. 1983). “, Ala.Code § 41-22-16(a) (1975) (final order be rendered within thirty days after hearing is concluded, the examiner’s report filed, or all written material filed); Fla.”
Birmingham Bd. of Educ. v. Ala. Pub. Charter Sch. Comm'n (In re Ala. Pub. Charter Sch. Comm'n (), 256 So. 3d 98 (Ala. Civ. App. 2018). · cites it 3× “2014), in which this court held that a circuit court does not acquire jurisdiction under the AAPA to review the actions of an administrative agency in the absence of a final, written order under Ala. Code 1975, § 41-22-16. After a hearing, the circuit court entered an order on…”
Alabama Dep't of Econ. & Cmty. Affairs v. Cmty. Serv. Programs of West Alabama, Inc., 65 So. 3d 396 (Ala. Civ. App. 2010). · cites it 2× “Here, although the AAPA provides for the rendition of a “final order in a proceeding” within 30 days “[ajfter a recommended order, or findings and conclusions are submitted to the agency and mailed to all parties, if the hearing is conducted by a hearing officer,” Ala.Code 1975,…”
Colbert Cnty. Nw. Alabama Health Care Auth. v. RegionalCare Hosp. Partners, Inc., 195 So. 3d 948 (Ala. Civ. App. 2015). · cites it 2× “’ Section 41-22-16(a), Ala.Code 1975, requires the final order in a contested case tó be in writing, and § 41-22-16(d), Ala.”
— Ala. Code § 41-22-16(a) — 13 cases
Huntsville Hous. Auth. v. State Licensing Bd. for Gen. Contractors, 179 So. 3d 146 (Ala. Civ. App. 2014). “Once the Board complies with all of the requirements of § 41-22-16, including fo- *157 suing a written final decision containing findings of fact and conclusions of law, then and only then will the time in which HHA has to appeal the decision begin to run.”
Noland Health Servs., Inc. v. State Health Plan. & Dev. Agency, 44 So. 3d 1074 (Ala. 2010). “Section 41-22-16(a) provides: “(a) The final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and made a part of the record and include findings of fact and conclusions of law separately stated, and it shall be rendered within 30 days: “(1) After the…”
Alabama State Pers. Bd. v. Garner, 4 So. 3d 545 (Ala. Civ. App. 2008). “6 The circuit court also concluded that Garner did not receive a timely decision from the Board pursuant to § 41-22-16(a), Ala.Code 1975. Section 41-22-16(a)(1) and (2) provides: “(a) The final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and…”
R.R. Com'n of Texas v. Lone Star Gas Co., 656 S.W.2d 421 (Tex. 1983). “, Ala.Code § 41-22-16(a) (1975) (final order be rendered within thirty days after hearing is concluded, the examiner’s report filed, or all written material filed); Fla.”
M.H. v. Cleburne Cnty. Dep't of Human Resources, 158 So. 3d 471 (Ala. Civ. App. 2014). “Code 1975, a part of the AAPA, provides that a “final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and made a part of the record” within 30 days after the conclusion of the hearing.”
— Ala. Code § 41-22-16(a)(1) — 1 case
Alabama State Pers. Bd. v. Garner, 4 So. 3d 545 (Ala. Civ. App. 2008). “6 The circuit court also concluded that Garner did not receive a timely decision from the Board pursuant to § 41-22-16(a), Ala.Code 1975. Section 41-22-16(a)(1) and (2) provides: “(a) The final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and…”
— Ala. Code § 41-22-16(a)(2) — 2 cases
Alabama State Pers. Bd. v. Garner, 4 So. 3d 545 (Ala. Civ. App. 2008). “6 The circuit court also concluded that Garner did not receive a timely decision from the Board pursuant to § 41-22-16(a), Ala.Code 1975. Section 41-22-16(a)(1) and (2) provides: “(a) The final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and…”
Huntsville Healthcare Ctr., Inc. v. Brown Health Servs., Inc., 747 So. 2d 330 (Ala. Civ. App. 1999).
— Ala. Code § 41-22-16(a)(l) — 2 cases
M.H. v. Cleburne Cnty. Dep't of Human Resources, 158 So. 3d 471 (Ala. Civ. App. 2014). “Code 1975, a part of the AAPA, provides that a “final order in a proceeding which affects substantial interests shall be in writing and made a part of the record” within 30 days after the conclusion of the hearing.”
Alabama State Pers. Bd. v. Hardy, 27 So. 3d 540 (Ala. Civ. App. 2008). “” Pursuant to its regulations, the Board has adopted a procedure for hearing appeals that is controlled by subsection (a)(2) of § 41-22-16. See Alabama State Pers. Bd. v.”
— Ala. Code § 41-22-16(b) — 3 cases
Ex Parte Shelby Med. Ctr., Inc., 564 So. 2d 63 (Ala. 1990). “See commentary to § 41-22-16. SHPDA makes two claims in response to this failure to make factual findings.”
Montgomery Rehab. Hosp., Inc. v. State Health Plan. Agency, 610 So. 2d 403 (Ala. Civ. App. 1992).
Montgomery Rehab. Hosp. v. HEALTH Plan., 610 So. 2d 403 (Ala. Civ. App. 1992).
— Ala. Code § 41-22-16(d) — 5 cases
Harrison v. State Dep't of Indus. Relations, 42 So. 3d 132 (Ala. Civ. App. 2010). “In his argument that the notice had to be mailed to him by certified mail, Harrison ignores earlier provisions in § 41-22-16 that describe final orders that must be sent to the parties by certified mail.”
Huntsville Hous. Auth. v. State Licensing Bd. for Gen. Contractors, 179 So. 3d 146 (Ala. Civ. App. 2014). “Once the Board complies with all of the requirements of § 41-22-16, including fo- *157 suing a written final decision containing findings of fact and conclusions of law, then and only then will the time in which HHA has to appeal the decision begin to run.”
Colbert Cnty. Nw. Alabama Health Care Auth. v. RegionalCare Hosp. Partners, Inc., 195 So. 3d 948 (Ala. Civ. App. 2015). “’ Section 41-22-16(a), Ala.Code 1975, requires the final order in a contested case tó be in writing, and § 41-22-16(d), Ala.”
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