Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153 (4th Cir. 1984). · Go Syfert
Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153 (4th Cir. 1984). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
54 citation events (37 in the last 25 years) across 19 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: In Re: Expungement of Record of N.B. (wvactapp, 2024-11-14)
Treatment trajectory · 1984 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1984 2005 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 27 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) In Re: Expungement of Record of N.B.
wvactapp · 2024 · confidence medium
Here, the charges against N.B., and subsequent jury verdict finding him guilty of second- degree murder, were not based upon DNA evidence, but were based upon the sworn statements of Mr. Dement.13 Moreover, as noted by Prosecutor Plymale during the October 12 See, e.g., U.S. v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir. 1977) (“[T]he power to expunge is ‘a narrow one, … [and] should be reserved for the unusual or extreme case.’”) (quoting U.S. v. Linn, 513 F.2d 925, 927 (10th Cir. 1975)); U.S. v. Smith, 940 F.2d 395, 396 (9th Cir. 1991) (“[Expungement] is a narrow power, appropriately u…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Daniels v. United States (2×) also: Cited "see"
D. Maryland · 2024 · confidence medium
The Fourth Circuit observed, nearly 40 years ago, that a federal court has limited equitable power to expunge convictions, to be exercised only in “exceptional circumstances.” Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir. 1984).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kenny v. Wilson
D.S.C. · 2020 · confidence medium
The district court’s authority to order expungements is “confined to ‘exceptional circumstances.’” Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir. 1984)(quoting United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.1977)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Brian Happel
4th Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
The district court found no extreme or exceptional circumstances supporting expungement, pursuant to Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir. 1984).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) In Re: Petition of A.N.T. for Expungement of Records
W. Va. · 2017 · confidence medium
See, e.g., U.S. v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir. 1977) ("[T]he power to expunge 'is a narrow one, .,. [and] should be reserved for the unusual or extreme case.’") (quoting U.S. v. Linn, 513 F.2d 925, 927 (10th Cir. 1975)); U.S. v. Smith, 940 F.2d 395, 396 (9th Cir. 1991) ("[Ex-pungement] is a narrow power, appropriately used only in extreme circumstances."); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir. 1984) (ending that acquittee seeking expungement was not entitled to it absent "exceptional circumstances.”); U.S. v. McMains, 540 F.2d 387, 390 (8th Cir. 1976) (providing that expu…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Benedict v. McMahon
E.D. Pa. · 2016 · confidence medium
See also United States v. Smith, 940 F.2d 395, 396 (9th Cir.1991) (explaining that the equitable power to expunge is very narrow, and appropriately used only in extreme circumstances, such as to remedy an unconstitutional state court conviction or to preserve basic legal rights); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984) (explaining that the relief of expungement is confined to exceptional circumstances); Diamond v. United States, 649 F.2d 496, 499 (7th Cir.1981) (approving a case-by-case approach to expungement petitions while acknowledging the need to balance the public interest in …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Doe v. United States
E.D.N.Y · 2016 · confidence medium
See United States v. Pinto, 1 F.3d 1069, 1070 (10th Cir.1993) ("We have stated that, in extreme circumstances, an arrest record may be expunged after dismissal of the charges or acquittal.” (citing United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817 (10th Cir.1988))); United States v. Smith, 940 F.2d 395, 396 (9th Cir.1991) ("Indeed, we have sanctioned the remedy of expunction of criminal records in civil rights cases involving unconstitutional state convictions.” (citations omitted)); United States v. Noonan, 906 F.2d 952, 956 (3d Cir.1990) ("Clearly, a federal court has the inherent power to exp…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Doe v. United States
E.D.N.Y · 2015 · confidence medium
Id. (citing United States v. Flowers, 389 F.3d 737, 739 (7th Cir.2004); Livingston v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 759 F.2d 74, 78 (D.C.Cir.1985); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 154-155 (4th Cir.1984); Schnitzer, 567 F.2d at 539 ; United States v. Linn, 513 F.2d 925, 927 (10th Cir.1975)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Lucido (2×)
6th Cir. · 2010 · confidence medium
The only authority to our knowledge cutting the other way comes from decisions that predate Kokkonen, see, e.g., Livingston v. U.S. Dep't of Justice, 759 F.2d 74, 78 (D.C.Cir.1985); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 154-55 (4th Cir.1984); United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.1977); United States v. Linn, 513 F.2d 925, 927 (10th Cir.1975), or that never discuss or even cite Kokkonen, see, e.g., United States v. Flowers, 389 F.3d 737, 738-39 (7th Cir.2004).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Mitchell
E.D. Va. · 2010 · confidence medium
Ultimately, the Supreme Court concluded that federal courts are permitted to invoke the doctrine of ancillary jurisdiction only in two specific circumstances: (i) “to permit disposition by a single court of claims that are, in varying respects and degrees, factually interdependent”; and (ii) “to enable a court to function successfully, that is, to manage its proceedings, vindicate its authority and effectuate its decrees.” Id. at 379-80 , 114 S.Ct. 1673 (citations omitted). 6 *430 Neither the Supreme Court nor the Fourth Circuit has directly addressed whether federal courts have jurisd…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Flowers, Katherine A
7th Cir. · 2004 · confidence medium
Cir. 1985) (neither dismissal of complaint nor acquittal, without more, justifies expungement of arrest record); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir. 1984) (expungement of an arrest record is relief confined to “ex- ceptional circumstances”); and United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2nd Cir. 1977) (expungement granted only in “extreme circumstances”).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Katherine Ann Flowers
7th Cir. · 2004 · confidence medium
It is fair to say that our view of the balancing test is like that of other courts which have emphasized that expungement is an extraordinary remedy: Geary v. United States, 901 F.2d 679 (8th Cir.1990) (a federal court may exercise its inherent equitable powers to order ex-pungement only where the case presents “extraordinary circumstances”); United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816 (10th Cir.1988) (attorney acquitted on all counts of conspiracy to manufacture cocaine was not automatically entitled to expungement of records); Livingston v. U.S. Dep’t of Justice, 759 F.2d 74 , 78 n. 30 (D.C…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Eileen Crowell
9th Cir. · 2004 · confidence medium
See also United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817-18 (10th Cir.1988) (attorney acquitted on all counts of conspiracy not entitled to expungement of criminal records); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984) (acquittee seeking expungement was not entitled to it absent “exceptional circumstances”); United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539-40 (2d Cir.1977) (even following dismissal of indictment, expungement not warranted), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 907 , 98 S.Ct. 1456 , 55 L.Ed.2d 499 (1978); United States v. Linn, 513 F.2d 925, 927-28 (10th Cir.) (acquittal alone insufficien…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Steelwright
D. Maryland · 2002 · confidence medium
The Fourth Circuit has also concurred with this reasoning in recognizing that there may be occasions where it is appropriate for a court to order an expungement because of “extreme or exceptional circumstances.” See, e.g., Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984) (“[T]he district court did not abuse its equitable discretion in denying the requested relief of expungement.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Wiley
S.D. Ohio · 1999 · confidence medium
United States v. Smith, 940 F.2d 395, 396 (9th Cir.1991); United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817 (10th Cir.1988); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984); United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2nd Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 907 , 98 S.Ct. 1456 , 55 L.Ed.2d 499 (1978); Menard v. Saxbe, 498 F.2d 1017, 1021 (D.C.Cir.1974).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Deborah Robinson
6th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
United States v. Smith, 940 F.2d 395, 396 (9th Cir.1991); United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817 (10th Cir.1988); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984); United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 907 (1978); Menard v. Saxbe, 498 F.2d 1017, 1021 (D.C.Cir.1974). 5 Applying the foregoing standards, federal courts have most readily invoked the expungement power with respect to illegal convictions, convictions under statutes later deemed unconstitutional, and convictions obtained through governmental misconduct.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Rabadi
S.D.N.Y. · 1995 · confidence medium
See, e.g., United States v. Smith, 940 F.2d 395, 396 (9th Cir.1991); United States v. Noonan, 906 F.2d 952, 957 (3rd Cir.1990); Geary v. United States, 901 F.2d 679, 679-80 (8th Cir.1990); United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817 (10th Cir.1988); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984); Menard v. Saxbe, 498 F.2d 1017, 1021 (D.C.Cir.1974).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Sherman
S.D.N.Y. · 1991 · confidence medium
DISCUSSION Because the retention of criminal records is essential for an effective criminal identification system, the courts that have recognized the inherent judicial power to expunge criminal records 1 have exercised that power only in “extreme circumstances.” See, e.g., United States v. Sweeney, 914 F.2d 1260, 1264 (9th Cir.1990); United States v. Noonan, 906 F.2d 952, 956 (3d Cir.1990); United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817-18 (10th Cir.1988); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984); United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 9…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. James P. Smith
9th Cir. · 1991 · confidence medium
See, e.g., Geary v. United States, 901 F.2d 679 (8th Cir.1990) (a federal court may exercise its inherent equitable powers to order expungement only where the case presents “extraordinary circumstances”); United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817 (10th Cir.1988) (recognizing “ ‘narrow’ power to order expunction”); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984) (acquittee seeking expunction was not entitled to it absent “exceptional circumstances”); United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 907 , 98 S.Ct. 1456 , 55 L.Ed.2d 499 (197…
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Brian Alan Sweeney, United States of America v. Christopher Knight
9th Cir. · 1990 · confidence medium
See United States v. Friesen, 853 F.2d 816, 817 (10th Cir.1988); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984); Schnitzer, 567 F.2d at 540 ; Menard, 498 F.2d at 1023 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Gregory Paul Noonan
3rd Cir. · 1990 · confidence medium
Friesen, 853 F.2d at 817 (expunction proper upon factual showing of harm or extreme circumstances); Reyes v. Supervisor of Drug Enforcement Admin., 834 F.2d 1093, 1098 (1st Cir.1987) (power to expunge is a narrow one); Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 155 (4th Cir.1984) (acquittee seeking expunction was not entitled to it absent “exceptional circumstances”); United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 907 , 98 S.Ct. 1456 , 55 L.Ed.2d 499 (1978) (even following dismissal of indictment, ex-punction not warranted).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Allen
E.D.N.C. · 2014 · signal: see · confidence high
See Allen, 742 F.2d at 154 (denying defendant's request for expungement for lack of exhaustion of administrative remedies where defendant sought to proceed solely against the courts in an attempt to have truthful information expunged when he could have insured himself by other means that the "derogatory” information was not considered in connection with reviewing his job application).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Gillock
W.D. Tenn. · 1991 · signal: see · confidence high
See Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153 (4th Cir.1984); Doe v. Webster, 606 F.2d 1226 (D.C.Cir.1979).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Carson
M.D. Fla. · 2004 · signal: see also · confidence low
See also, Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153 (4th Cir.1984) (agreeing with Schnitzer and affirming denial of expungement to defendant acquitted of a crime who feared the record would cause difficulty obtaining federal employment); United States v. Doe, 556 F.2d 391 (6th Cir.1977) (finding inherent equitable powers should not be used to expunge a record already set aside under the YCA). 11 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Janik
N.D. Ill. · 1992 · signal: see also · confidence low
See Smith, 940 F.2d at 396 (defendant feared he could not reenlist in the Army Reserve due to his record); see also Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153 (4th Cir.1984) (the court affirmed the denial of expungement even where the defendant showed that he was actually harmed by his criminal record; he was rejected for federal employment).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. G
9th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence medium
Other courts have asserted that they have “inherent power” to expunge criminal records when necessary to vindicate an individual’s “substantial rights.” See, e.g., Menard v. Saxbe, 498 F.2d 1017, 1023 (D.C.Cir.1974); United States v. McMains, 540 F.2d 387, 389 (8th Cir.1976); Natwig v. Webster, 562 F.Supp. 225, 227 (D.R.I.1983); United States v. Bohr, 406 F.Supp. 1218, 1219 (E.D.Wisc. 1976); see also Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 154-55 (4th Cir.1984); Diamond v. United States, 649 F.2d 496, 497-98 (7th Cir.1981).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. G, 1
9th Cir. · 1985 · signal: see also · confidence medium
Other courts have asserted that they have "inherent power" to expunge criminal records when necessary to vindicate an individual's "substantial rights." See, e.g., Menard v. Saxbe, 498 F.2d 1017, 1023 (D.C.Cir.1974); United States v. McMains, 540 F.2d 387, 389 (8th Cir.1976); Natwig v. Webster, 562 F.Supp. 225, 227 (D.R.I.1983); United States v. Bohr, 406 F.Supp. 1218, 1219 (E.D.Wisc.1976); see also Allen v. Webster, 742 F.2d 153, 154-55 (4th Cir.1984); Diamond v. United States, 649 F.2d 496, 497-98 (7th Cir.1981).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Ennis C. Allen, Jr., an Individual
v.
William Webster, Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, a Federal Agency and Haywood R. Starling, Director of the State Bureau of Investigation, a State Agency
84-1012.
Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.
Aug 23, 1984.
742 F.2d 153
Cited by 8 opinions  |  Published

742 F.2d 153

Ennis C. ALLEN, Jr., an individual, Appellant,
v.
William WEBSTER, Director of the Federal Bureau of
Investigation, a Federal Agency and Haywood R.
Starling, Director of the State Bureau
of Investigation, a State
Agency, Appellees.

No. 84-1012.

United States Court of Appeals,
Fourth Circuit.

Argued July 10, 1984.
Decided Aug. 23, 1984.

Louis Jordan, Goldsboro, N.C. (Jordan & Braswell, Goldsboro, N.C., on brief), for appellant.

Daniel C. Higgins, Asst. Atty. Gen., Raleigh, N.C. (Rufus L. Edmisten, Atty. Gen. of North Carolina, Raleigh, N.C.), Samuel T. Currin, U.S. Atty., Raleigh, N.C. (Gary Clemmons, Asst. U.S. Atty., Raleigh, N.C., on brief), for appellees.

Before PHILLIPS, MURNAGHAN and ERVIN, Circuit Judges.

MURNAGHAN, Circuit Judge:

[*~153]1

Ennis C. Allen, Jr. was indicted and tried in a court of the State of North Carolina on charges relating to the possession and manufacture of heroin. The arrest information, including fingerprint samples, was entered in the North Carolina computerized criminal files and forwarded to the identification division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The FBI fed the information into the National Crime Information Center's interstate identification index.

2

Thereafter, Allen was tried and acquitted. Information to that effect was entered into the North Carolina file and the FBI index.

3

Allen had previously been a federal employee and, following his arrest and trial, made unsuccessful attempts to secure federal employment. In one instance, matters went so far that he received an indication that his application might well have procured him the job except for the delay occasioned by the presence on his record of the information relating to his arrest and trial.

4

There is no assertion on Allen's behalf attacking the constitutional validity of the statutes under which Allen was tried.[1] There was no assertion that in North Carolina a statute mandated destruction of an arrest record.[2] There was no claim made of irregularity in the North Carolina proceedings.[3] There was, indeed, not even a suggestion that the information on file was in any respect inaccurate. It was solely Allen's claim that the bringing of the information about his arrest, trial and acquittal before a prospective employer would have unjust adverse consequences. However, Allen has sought to proceed solely against the record keepers at the North Carolina and the federal level in an attempt to have the truthful information expunged. He received advice that he might seek administrative relief within the federal government by which he could insure himself that the "derogatory" information was not considered in connection with reviewing his job application. Allen, however, declined to avail himself of that possible remedy. In such circumstances the district court did not abuse its equitable discretion in denying the requested relief of expungement. It is a relief confined to "exceptional circumstances." United States v. Schnitzer, 567 F.2d 536, 539 (2d Cir.1977), cert. denied, 435 U.S. 907, 98 S.Ct. 1456, 55 L.Ed.2d 499 (1978). The Schnitzer court continued as follows:

5

In considering these equities, courts must be cognizant that the power to expunge "is a narrow one, and should not be routinely used whenever a criminal prosecution ends in an acquittal, but should be reserved for the unusual or extreme case." United States v. Linn, 513 F.2d 925, 927 (10th Cir.), cert. denied, 423 U.S. 836, 96 S.Ct. 63, 46 L.Ed.2d 55 (1975). Such extreme circumstances have been found and records ordered to be expunged where procedures of mass arrests rendered judicial determination of probable cause impossible, Sullivan v. Murphy, 156 U.S.App.D.C. 28, 478 F.2d 938 (1973); where the court determined the sole purpose of the arrests was to harass civil rights workers, United States v. McLeod, 385 F.2d 734 (5th Cir.1967); where the police misused the police records to the detriment of the defendant, Wheeler v. Goodman, 306 F.Supp. 58 (W.D.N.C.1969); or where the arrest was proper but was based on a statute later declared unconstitutional, Kowall v. United States, 53 F.R.D. 211 (W.D.Mich.1971).

6

Id., at 539-540.

7

The logic of Schnitzer applies with full force to Allen's related request for an order prohibiting dissemination of the arrest record. Furthermore, the request fails not only in light of the absence of exceptional circumstances, but because it ignores the fact that dissemination by the FBI of criminal records is explicitly authorized by federal statute and regulation. 28 U.S.C. Sec. 534(a)(4);[4] 28 C.F.R. Sec. 0.85(b), (j).[5]

Accordingly, the judgment is

[*~154]8

AFFIRMED.

1

Cf. Kowall v. United States, 53 F.R.D. 211 (W.D.Mich.1971)

2

See Utz v. Cullinane, 520 F.2d 467 (D.C.Cir.1975)

3

Cf. Sullivan v. Murphy, 478 F.2d 938 (D.C.Cir.1973)

4

Sec. 534. Acquiisition, preservation, and exchange of identification records and information; appointment of officials

(a) The Attorney General shall--

* * *

(4) exchange such records and information with, and for the official use of, authorized officials of the Federal Government, the States, cities, and penal and other institutions.

5

The Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation shall:

* * *

(b) Conduct the acquisition, collection, exchange, classification and preservation of fingerprint cards and identification records from criminal justice and other governmental agencies, including fingerprint cards voluntarily submitted by individuals for personal identification purposes;

* * *

(j) Exercise the power and authority vested in the Attorney General to approve and conduct exchange of identification records with officials of federally chartered or insured banking institutions to promote or maintain the security of those institutions and, if authorized by State statute and approved by the Attorney General, to officials of State and local governments for purposes of employment and licensing....