United States v. Robert Fine, Aka: Anosh Toufigh, Aka: Jacob Maarse, Aka: Jack Patterson, 963 F.2d 1258 (9th Cir. 1992). · Go Syfert
United States v. Robert Fine, Aka: Anosh Toufigh, Aka: Jacob Maarse, Aka: Jack Patterson, 963 F.2d 1258 (9th Cir. 1992). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
12,327 citation events (12,004 in the last 25 years) across 33 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Tyson C. Hillyer v. Disciplinary Officer Gutzman, Correctional Officer Townsend, and Correctional Officer Kenna (akd, 2026-05-12)
Treatment trajectory · 1992 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1992 2009 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Tyson C. Hillyer v. Disciplinary Officer Gutzman, Correctional Officer Townsend, and Correctional Officer Kenna
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Yan Liu and Yong Zhong v. Yiliang Zha and Wetrust Realty, Inc.; Yan Liu, Yong Zhong, and Weiming Chen v. Jessie Le and Ricky & Jessie Realty, Inc.; Yan Liu and Yong Zhong v. Grace Property Management LLC, and Jing Sun
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Yan Liu and Yong Zhong v. Yiliang Zha and Wetrust Realty, Inc.; Yan Liu, Yong Zhong, and Weiming Chen v. Jessie Le and Ricky & Jessie Realty, Inc.; Yan Liu and Yong Zhong v. Grace Property Management LLC, and Jing Sun
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Yan Liu and Yong Zhong v. Yiliang Zha and Wetrust Realty, Inc.; Yan Liu, Yong Zhong, and Weiming Chen v. Jessie Le and Ricky & Jessie Realty, Inc.; Yan Liu and Yong Zhong v. Grace Property Management LLC, and Jing Sun
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) David Stratton, et al. v. Packaging Corporation of America
D. Idaho · 2026 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
pursuant to federal rule of civil procedure 41(b), the district court may dismiss an action for failure to comply with any order of the court.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Jessie Adams v. Sergio Jimenez
D. Ariz. · 2026 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
he district court may dismiss an action for failure 28 to comply with any order of the court.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Tamisha Lewis-Junge v. Hiland Mountain Correctional Center; Office of Children Services; and Anchorage School District, et. al
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Tamisha Lewis-Junge v. Hiland Mountain Correctional Center; Office of Children Services; and Anchorage School District, et. al
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Tamisha Lewis-Junge v. Hiland Mountain Correctional Center; Office of Children Services; and Anchorage School District, et. al
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Adam Lee Bunker v. Wyatt Derner
D. Alaska · 2026 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) David Rivas v. MCC San Diego; Jason Burganson, Correctional Officer (2×) also: Cited "see"
S.D. Cal. · 2026 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district 25 court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in 26 dismissal can satisfy the 'consideration of alternatives' requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Eunji Jeong v. John or Jane Doe, and Does 2-10, inclusive
C.D. Cal. · 2026 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
16 district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order 17 will result in a dismissal can satisfy the 'consideration of alternatives' requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Maria Garcia v. SPSSM Investments - IV, LP (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the 2 court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Salahuddin Fard Smart v. Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department, et al.
D. Nev. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
the district court may dismiss an action for failure to 7 comply with any order of the court.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Golbahar Imanpour v. Unite States Department of State et al. (2×) also: Cited "see"
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
even if the prejudice factor as well as the fifth factor regarding the public policy favoring disposition on the merits both weighed against dismissal, they would not outweigh the other three factors that strongly support dismissal here.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Myckel Anthonie McMillan v. Denali Cheveron; Myckel Anthonie McMillan v. KFC
D. Alaska · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Myckel Anthonie McMillan v. Denali Cheveron; Myckel Anthonie McMillan v. KFC
D. Alaska · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Joseph Vance Arabie v. Jeffrey McAfee and Brent Hatch (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
D. Alaska · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Paul Charles Peters v. Rob Jeffords, et al.
D. Alaska · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Donte Sutton v. Altamirano, et al.
E.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
it is incumbent upon us to preserve the 1 district courts' power to manage their dockets without being subject to the endless vexatious 2 noncompliance of litigants like ferdik.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Marcusazia Chambers v. Fairbanks Police Department and Officer Sori
D. Alaska · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Marcusazia Chambers v. Jill Copeland and The University of Alaska Police Department
D. Alaska · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United African-Asian Abilities Club, et al. v. 628 West Imperial Avenue, L.P. (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the 4 court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Cavalier v. Aranda (2×) also: Cited "see"
S.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
23 district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in 24 dismissal can satisfy the 'consideration of alternatives' requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Sam Benford v. Arthur Marquez (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's 2 order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) PATHDM1 LP LLC v. PATH 1 Communications, LLC
D. Idaho · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
pursuant to federal rule of civil procedure 41(b), the district court may dismiss an action for failure to comply with any order of the court.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Fernando Gastelum v. Shell USA, Inc. (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
moreover, our decisions also suggest that a district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the 'consideration of alternatives' requirement.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Jessica Baze v. Experian Information Solutions Inc (2×) also: Cited "see"
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
even if the prejudice factor as well as the fifth factor regarding the public policy favoring disposition on the merits both weighed against dismissal, they would not outweigh the other three factors that strongly support dismissal here.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Nicola Catizone v. Equifax Information Services LLC (2×) also: Cited "see"
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
even if the prejudice factor as well as the fifth factor regarding the public policy favoring disposition on the merits both weighed against dismissal, they would not outweigh the other three factors that strongly support dismissal here.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Reybol v. Treasury Department (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
N.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's 22 warning to a party that failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the 23 'consideration of ' requirement.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Wieser v. Mr. Cooper Group, Inc. (2×)
E.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 2 verbatim quotes · confidence high
ur decisions also suggest that a district court's 25 warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can 26 satisfy the 'consideration of alternatives' requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Colton Bryant v. Sook Sabai Corp
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey 4 the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Latanya Williams v. J Lorraine LLC (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the 2 court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Gregory McKenna v. Panda Motors, LLC (2×) also: Cited "see"
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
even if the prejudice factor as well as the fifth factor regarding the public policy favoring disposition on the merits both weighed against dismissal, they would not outweigh the other three factors that strongly support dismissal here.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) (PS) Toliver v. Clear Recon Corp.
E.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
efore dismissing a pro se complaint the district court must provide the litigant with 11 notice of the deficiencies in his complaint in order to ensure that the litigant uses the opportunity 12 to amend effectively.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) (PS) Gomez v. Haet (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
E.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
pursuant to federal 15 rule of civil procedure 41(b), the district court may dismiss an action for failure to comply with 16 any order of the court.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Slovak v. Wells Fargo Bank, N.A.
9th Cir. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district courts have the inherent power to control their dockets and, 'n the exercise of that power they may impose sanctions.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Stout Law Firm, LLP v. Taulli (2×) also: Cited "see"
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
even if the prejudice factor as well as the fifth factor regarding the public policy favoring disposition on the merits both weighed against dismissal, they would not outweigh the other three factors that strongly support dismissal here.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Erskine v. Frager (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
S.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey 20 the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the "consideration of alternatives" 21 requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) NFLASH, INC. v. COMNET TECHNOLOGY GROUP
N.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a party that 26 failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the 'consideration of ' requirement.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Henderson v. Clark County School District
D. Nev. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
here the fact that the district court first allowed ferdik an additional thirty days 16 in which to amend his complaint to bring it into compliance with rule 10(a), constituted an attempt 17 at a less drastic sanction to that of outright dismissal.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Keith-Henderson v. Clark County School District
D. Nev. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
here the fact that the district court first allowed ferdik an additional thirty days 27 in which to amend his complaint to bring it into compliance with rule 10(a), constituted an attempt 28 at a less drastic sanction to that of outright dismissal.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Rohit J. Singh v. Next Level ADU Builder and Solar (2×) also: Cited "see"
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
even if the prejudice factor as well as the fifth factor regarding the public policy favoring disposition on the merits both weighed against dismissal, they would not outweigh the other three factors that strongly support dismissal here.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Ana Ventura v. Wimatex, Inc. (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
C.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
district court's warning to a party that his failure to obey the court's order 2 will result in dismissal can satisfy the consideration of alternatives requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Jack v. Sundberg (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
N.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a 22 party that failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the 'consideration of 23 ' requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Heinnickel, Jr. v. Network Capital Funding Corporation
N.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district court's warning to a 3 party that failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy the 'consideration 4 of ' requirement.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) (PS) Johnson v. Solano County Sheriff,. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
E.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
pursuant to federal rule 12 of civil procedure 41(b), the district court may dismiss an action for failure to comply with any 13 order of the court.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) (PC) Johnson v. Solano County Sheriff (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
E.D. Cal. · 2025 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
pursuant to federal rule 12 of civil procedure 41(b), the district court may dismiss an action for failure to comply with any 13 order of the court.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Harris v. Clark County School District
D. Nev. · 2025 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
fter amendment the original pleading no longer performs any function and is treated thereafter 25 as non-existent . . . .
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) (PS) Murphy v. Oakland Unified School District (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
N.D. Cal. · 2025 · signal: see also · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
a district 4 court's warning to a party that failure to obey the court's order will result in dismissal can satisfy 5 the 'consideration of ' requirement.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
United States
v.
Robert Fine, Aka: Anosh Toufigh, Aka: Jacob Maarse, Aka: Jack Patterson
90-50280.
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
May 6, 1992.
963 F.2d 1258

963 F.2d 1258

UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
Robert FINE, aka: Anosh Toufigh, aka: Jacob Maarse, aka:
Jack Patterson, Defendant-Appellant.

No. 90-50280.

United States Court of Appeals,
Ninth Circuit.

May 6, 1992.
Prior Report: 946 F.2d 650.

Before: WALLACE, Chief Judge, BROWNING, HUG, TANG, SCHROEDER, FLETCHER, FARRIS, PREGERSON, ALARCON, POOLE, D.W. NELSON, CANBY, NORRIS, REINHARDT, BEEZER, HALL, WIGGINS, BRUNETTI, KOZINSKI, NOONAN, THOMPSON, O'SCANNLAIN, LEAVY, TROTT, FERNANDEZ, RYMER, T.G. NELSON, and KLEINFELD, Circuit Judges.

ORDER

1

Upon the vote of a majority of nonrecused regular active judges of this court, it is ordered that this case be reheard by the en banc court pursuant to Circuit Rule 35-3.