Gales v. Vincent, 417 U.S. 936 (1974). · Go Syfert
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Gales v. Vincent, 417 U.S. 936 (1974). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
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cited 2× by 1 distinct case, last quoted 1984 · …in a narcotics conspiracy, the use of code words and cover-up jargon in methods of dealing make investigation most difficult. ⚠ not in text
391 citation events (7 in the last 25 years) across 59 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: United States v. Van Horn (ned, 1984-01-30)
Treatment trajectory · 1974 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1974 2000 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 34 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (quoted) United States v. Van Horn (2×)
D. Neb. · 1984 · signal: see · quote attribution · 2 verbatim quotes · confidence high
in a narcotics conspiracy, the use of code words and cover-up jargon in methods of dealing make investigation most difficult.
cited Cited "see" State v. Lloyd
Iowa · 1994 · signal: see · confidence high
See State v. O’Kelly, 211 N.W.2d 589, 595 (Iowa 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Luyando v. Bowen
S.D.N.Y. · 1989 · signal: see · confidence high
See, Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed. 2d 240 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Doe v. Coughlin
N.D.N.Y. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261-62 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Gerena (2×)
D. Conn. · 1988 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588 , 600 n. 9 (2d Cir.1973), cert. denied, LaCosa v. United States, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); DePalma, 461 F.Supp. at 824.
cited Cited "see" Toney v. Burris
N.D. Ill. · 1986 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir.1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
cited Cited "see" O'Connell v. Citrus Bowl, Inc.
unknown court · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir.1973) (citing cases), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Geller (2×)
E.D. Pa. · 1983 · signal: see · confidence high
See, Commissioner v. Bosch, 387 U.S. 456, 465 , 87 S.Ct. 1776, 1782 , 18 L.Ed.2d 886 (1967) (Federal courts interpreting state law should give “proper regard” to relevant rulings of lower state courts.) Cf., United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 598 (2nd Cir.1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974) (In the absence of “dispositive” or “indicative” state law, application of federal law is appropriate.) With this contextual framework for our analysis, we consider the Wiretap Act and whether it violates the relevant provision of the State Constitutio…
discussed Cited "see" Rogers v. American Airlines, Inc.
S.D.N.Y. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); Davis v. Smith, 607 F.2d 535, 540 (2d Cir. 1978), vacated and remanded on other grounds, 607 F.2d at 540 (1979).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Patricia Campbell Hearst
9th Cir. · 1981 · signal: see · confidence high
See Ray v. Rose, 491 F.2d 285, 289 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2650 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); Ray v. Rose, 535 F.2d 966, 974 (6th Cir.), cert. denied, 429 U.S. 1026 , 97 S.Ct. 648 , 50 L.Ed.2d 629 (1976); Wojtowicz v. United States, 550 F.2d 786, 793 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 431 U.S. 972 , 97 S.Ct. 2938 , 53 L.Ed.2d 1071 (1977); People v. Corona, 80 Cal.App.3d 684, 720-21, 727 , 145 Cal.Rptr. 894, 915-16, 920 (1978); Maxwell v. Superior Court, 101 Cal. App.3d 736 , 161 Cal.Rptr. 849 , 854-56, 861 (1980) hearing granted March 20, 1980.
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Earl Watson, Tony Maxwell and Mae Lillian Brown (2×)
10th Cir. · 1979 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Baldarrama, 566 F.2d 560, 565 (5th Cir.) 10 The repeated use of cryptic expressions by members of a narcotics conspiracy has been described as a "narcotics code." United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 597 (2d Cir.), Cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 11 The conspiracy charged by count one of the indictment was an unlawful conspiracy to knowingly and intentionally possess with intent to distribute and to distribute heroin and cocaine, and to knowingly and intentionally use telephones in committing, causing and facilitating the commission of posse…
cited Cited "see" Forts v. Ward
S.D.N.Y. · 1979 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
cited Cited "see" Greer v. Blum
S.D.N.Y. · 1978 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); Feld v. Berger, 424 F.Supp. 1356, 1363 (S.D.N.Y.1976).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Frank Mangan and Kevin Mangan (2×)
2d Cir. · 1978 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 596 (2 Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974), (no need to determine impact of evidence). 13 They added, 476 F.2d at 1107 , that In most cases the determination that a declaration is in furtherance of the conspiracy — a determination that the trial judge now must make in every case for admissibility 2 — will decide whether sufficient indicia of reliability were present.
discussed Cited "see" Yanni v. United States (2×)
S.D.N.Y. · 1977 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 603 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974). .
discussed Cited "see" United States v. James Jackson, United States of America v. Harold Hudson, United States of America v. Lushrie Jardan, United States of America v. Spencer Mims, United States of America v. Nathaniel Muhammad (2×)
8th Cir. · 1977 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 592 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974) 16 We note that Muhammad offered an exculpatory explanation of his possession of the money as well as of certain other facts underlying the indictment.
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Jackson (2×)
8th Cir. · 1977 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 592 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974). .
cited Cited "see" Kulkarni v. Nyquist
N.D.N.Y. · 1977 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); see also Farber v. Rochford, 407 F.Supp. 529, 535 (N.D.Ill., E.D.1975).
discussed Cited "see" State v. Stergion
Iowa · 1976 · signal: see · confidence high
State v. Thompson, 241 Iowa 16, 20 , 39 N.W.2d 637, 640 (1949); see State v. O’Kelly, 211 N.W.2d 589, 593-595 (Iowa 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); State v. Young, 211 N.W.2d 352, 354 (Iowa 1973).
discussed Cited "see" Losinno v. Henderson (2×)
S.D.N.Y. · 1976 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 598 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974). 23 .
cited Cited "see" Mendoza v. La Vine
S.D.N.Y. · 1976 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Ostrer (2×)
S.D.N.Y. · 1976 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); United States v. Forlano, 358 F.Supp. 56 (S.D.N.Y. *104 1973).
examined Cited "see" United States v. Isadore Marion (4×)
2d Cir. · 1976 · signal: see · confidence high
See S.Rep. 1097, supra, 2 U.S.Code Cong. & Adm.News at p. 2187, quoted in footnote 9, infra. But compare United States v. Tortorello, 480 F.2d 764, 781-83 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied 414 U.S. 866 , 94 S.Ct. 63 , 38 L.Ed.2d 86 (1974), with United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 598 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Beni (2×)
E.D. Wis. · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See, United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588 , 598 n.7 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974) (dicta that state law may apply); United States v. Curreri, 388 F.Supp. 607, 614-618 (D.Md.1974) (state rule more restrictive than Title III dealing with disclosure and use of intercepted ■ communications not applicable in federal court).
discussed Cited "see" Aluminum Co. of America v. Federal Trade Commission
S.D.N.Y. · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); Vulcan Society v. Civil Service Comm’n, 490 F.2d 387 , 399 (2d Cir.), aff’g in part 360 F.Supp. 1265 , 1266-67 n.1 (S.D.N.Y. 1973).
cited Cited "see" Monell v. Deptartment of Social Services of New York
S.D.N.Y. · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir. 1973) , cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); Nieves v. Oswald, 498 F.2d 802, 813 (2d Cir. 1974) .
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Armocida (2×)
unknown court · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 600 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); United States v. Bynum, 485 F.2d at 500-01 ; United States v. Curreri, 363 F.Supp. at 437 . 41 In making this determination we look to three aspects of the surveillance.
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Armocida (2×)
unknown court · 1975 · signal: see · confidence high
See United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 600 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); United States v. Bynum, 485 F.2d at 500—01; United States v. Curreri, 363 F.Supp. at 437 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Copeland v. Perales
E.D.N.Y · 1992 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261-62 (2d Cir.1973) (finding “monetary relief ... was properly declined” by the district court), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); Davis, 431 F.Supp. at 1209 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Sanchez (2×)
unknown court · 1987 · signal: see also · confidence low
United States v. Sotomayor, 592 F.2d 1219 , 1224-25 & n. 11 (2d Cir.), cert. denied, 442 U.S. 919 , 99 S.Ct. 2842 , 61 L.Ed.2d 286 (1979); See also United States v. Manfredi, 488 F.2d 588, 592 (2d Cir.1973), ce rt. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
cited Cited "see, e.g." Arthur v. Starrett City Associates
E.D.N.Y · 1983 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir.1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Kow v. New York City Housing Authority
S.D.N.Y. · 1981 · signal: compare · confidence low
Compare Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255, 1261 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1973); Rivers v. Califano, 86 F.R.D. 41, 46 (S.D.N.Y.1980); Tyson v. New York City Housing Authority, 369 F.Supp. 513, 516 (S.D.N.Y.1974); McDonald v. McLucas, 371 F.Supp. 831, 833-34 (S.D.N.Y.1974) with Montes v. Brezenoff, 85 F.R.D. 130, 132 (S.D.N.Y.1980); Bacon v. Toia, 437 F.Supp. 1371, 1383 (S.D.N.Y.1977), aff’d mem., 580 F.2d 1044 (2d Cir. 1978).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." United States v. Aaron R. Moore, Jr., United States of America v. Robert Davis (2×)
D.C. Cir. · 1975 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., United States v. Manfredi, 2 Cir., 488 F.2d 588, 598 (1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S.Ct. 2651 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); cf. United States v. Ventresca, 380 U.S. 102, 108 , 85 S.Ct. 741 , 13 L.Ed.2d 684 (1965).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Thomas v. Weinberger
S.D.N.Y. · 1974 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e. g., Galvan v. Levine, 490 F.2d 1255 (2d Cir. 1973), cert. denied, 417 U.S. 936 , 94 S. Ct. 2652 , 41 L.Ed.2d 240 (1974); Tyson v. New York City Housing Authority, 369 F.Supp. 513 (S.D.N.Y.1974); McDonald v. McLucas, 371 F.Supp. 831 (S.D.N.Y.1974), (three judge court), appeal filed, 43 U.S.L.W. 3019 (U. S. June 24, 1974) .
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Gales
v.
Vincent, Correctional Superintendent
No. 73-5933.
Supreme Court of the United States.
Jun 3, 1974.
417 U.S. 936
Certiorari.
Published
1 passages pin-cited by 1 case
Pinpoint authority: bottom 60%
Citer courts: D. Nebraska (2)

C. A. 2d Cir. Certiorari denied.

Mr. Justice Douglas would grant certiorari.