California Codes

Cal. Civil Code § 1786.2 (2026)

✓ current as of May 2026

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The following terms as used in this title have the meaning expressed in this section:

(a)The term “person” means any individual, partnership, corporation, limited liability company, trust, estate, cooperative, association, government or governmental subdivision or agency, or other entity. The term “person” as used in this title shall not be construed to require duplicative reporting by any individual, corporation, trust, estate, cooperative, association, government, or governmental subdivision or agency, or other entity involved in the same transaction.

(b)The term “consumer” means a natural individual who has made application to a person for employment purposes, for insurance for personal, family, or household purposes, or the hiring of a dwelling unit, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 1940.

(c)The term “investigative consumer report” means a consumer report in which information on a consumer’s character, general reputation, personal characteristics, or mode of living is obtained through any means. The term does not include a consumer report or other compilation of information that is limited to specific factual information relating to a consumer’s credit record or manner of obtaining credit obtained directly from a creditor of the consumer or from a consumer reporting agency when that information was obtained directly from a potential or existing creditor of the consumer or from the consumer. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for transactions between investigative consumer reporting agencies and insurance institutions, agents, or insurance-support organizations subject to Article 6.6 (commencing with Section 791) of Chapter 1 of Part 2 of Division 1 of the Insurance Code, the term “investigative consumer report” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 791.02 of the Insurance Code.

(d)The term “investigative consumer reporting agency” means any person who, for monetary fees or dues, engages in whole or in part in the practice of collecting, assembling, evaluating, compiling, reporting, transmitting, transferring, or communicating information concerning consumers for the purposes of furnishing investigative consumer reports to third parties, but does not include any governmental agency whose records are maintained primarily for traffic safety, law enforcement, or licensing purposes, or any licensed insurance agent, insurance broker, or solicitor, insurer, or life insurance agent.

(e)The term “file,” when used in connection with information on any consumer, means all of the information on that consumer recorded and retained by an investigative consumer reporting agency regardless of how the information is stored.

(f)The term “employment purposes,” when used in connection with an investigative consumer report, means a report used for the purpose of evaluating a consumer for employment, promotion, reassignment, or retention as an employee.

(g)The term “medical information” means information on a person’s medical history or condition obtained directly or indirectly from a licensed physician, medical practitioner, hospital, clinic, or other medical or medically related facility.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 8 cases (3 in the last 5 years), 1995–2025 · leading case: Gabriel Moran v. the Screening Pros, 923 F.3d 1208 (9th Cir. 2019).

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Gabriel Moran v. the Screening Pros, 923 F.3d 1208 (9th Cir. 2019). · cites it 2× “” Cal. Civ. Code § 1786.2 (c) (1975). The statutes were intended to cover separate information: the CCRAA governed creditworthiness, while the ICRAA governed character information.”

Cisneros v. U.D. Registry, Inc., 95 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 8240 (Cal. Ct. App. 1995). · cites it 3× “” (Civ. Code, § 1786.2, subd. (d), italics added.”

Cunha v. IntelliCheck, LLC, 254 F. Supp. 3d 1124 (N.D. Cal. 2017). · cites it 2× “” Cal. Civ. Code § 1786.2 (c). Meanwhile, the CCRAA covers reports containing “information .”

Edwards v. Am. Auto. Assocation etc. CA1/3 (Cal. Ct. App. 2025). · cites it 3× “” (Civ. Code, § 1786.2, subd. (d).) Though defendant does not meet this definition, ICRAA provides that a “user of information that fails to comply” with any ICRAA requirement “with respect to an investigative consumer report” is liable to the consumer.”

Gabriel Moran v. the Screening Pros (9th Cir. 2019). · cites it 2× “” Cal. Civ. Code § 1786.2 (c) (1975). The statutes were intended to cover separate information: the CCRAA governed creditworthiness, while the ICRAA governed character information.”

Limson v. Bridge Prop. Mgmt. Co. (N.D. Cal. 2019). “” Cal. Civ. Code §1786.2 (c) 11 (emphasis added).”

Dormoy v. HireRight, LLC (N.D. Cal. 2023). “22 Civ. Code § 1786.2 et seq. 23 HireRight moves to dismiss the complaint based on (1) lack of personal jurisdiction and 24 (2) failure to state a claim for relief.”

Dormoy v. HireRight, LLC (M.D. Tenn. 2023). “22 Civ. Code § 1786.2 et seq. 23 HireRight moves to dismiss the complaint based on (1) lack of personal jurisdiction and 24 (2) failure to state a claim for relief.”

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