California Codes

Cal. Penal Code § 830.31 (2026)

✓ current as of May 2026

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The following persons are peace officers whose authority extends to any place in the state for the purpose of performing their primary duty or when making an arrest pursuant to Section 836 as to any public offense with respect to which there is immediate danger to person or property, or of the escape of the perpetrator of that offense, or pursuant to Section 8597 or 8598 of the Government Code. These peace officers may carry firearms only if authorized, and under the terms and conditions specified, by their employing agency.

(a)A police officer of the County of Los Angeles, if the primary duty of the officer is the enforcement of the law in or about properties owned, operated, or administered by his or her employing agency or when performing necessary duties with respect to patrons, employees, and properties of his or her employing agency.

(b)A person designated by a local agency as a park ranger and regularly employed and paid in that capacity, if the primary duty of the officer is the protection of park and other property of the agency and the preservation of the peace therein.

(c)(1)A peace officer of the Department of General Services of the City of Los Angeles who was transferred to the Los Angeles Police Department and designated by the Chief of Police of the Los Angeles Police Department, or his or her designee, if the primary duty of the officer is the enforcement of the law in or about properties owned, operated, or administered by the City of Los Angeles or when performing necessary duties with respect to patrons, employees, and properties of the City of Los Angeles. For purposes of this section, “properties” means city offices, city buildings, facilities, parks, yards, and warehouses.

(2)A peace officer designated pursuant to this subdivision, and authorized to carry firearms by the Los Angeles Police Department, shall satisfactorily complete the introductory course of firearm training required by Section 832 and shall requalify in the use of firearms every six months.

(3)Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a peace officer designated pursuant to this subdivision who is authorized to carry a firearm by his or her employing agency while on duty shall not be authorized to carry a firearm when he or she is not on duty.

(d)A housing authority patrol officer employed by the housing authority of a city, district, county, or city and county or employed by the police department of a city and county, if the primary duty of the officer is the enforcement of the law in or about properties owned, operated, or administered by his or her employing agency or when performing necessary duties with respect to patrons, employees, and properties of his or her employing agency.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 6 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1992–2021 · leading case: Frank v. Cnty. of Los Angeles, 2007 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 3871 (Cal. Ct. App. 2007).

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Frank v. Cnty. of Los Angeles, 2007 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 3871 (Cal. Ct. App. 2007). “31 currently provides in pertinent part: “The following persons are peace officers whose authority extends to any place in the state for the purpose of performing their primary duty or when making an arrest pursuant to Section 836 as to any public offense with respect to which…”

Esparza v. Cnty. of Los Angeles, 224 Cal. App. 4th 452 (Cal. Ct. App. 2014). “FACTS OPS was formed in 1998 when the County of Los Angeles (County) consolidated the peace officer departments in the Department of Parks and Recreation, the Department of Health Services, and the Department of Internal Services.”

Inouye v. Cnty. of Los Angeles, 94 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 8769 (Cal. Ct. App. 1994). “Introduction Penal Code section 830.31 2 grants peace officer status to safety police officers of the County of Los Angeles when making an arrest as to any public offense with respect to which there is immediate danger to person or property.”

San Bernardino Cnty. Sheriff's Employees' Benefit Ass'n v. San Bernardino Cnty. Bd. of Supervisors, 7 Cal. App. 4th 602 (Cal. Ct. App. 1992). “The County contends, however, the affected employees were not peace officers under section 3508. Section 3508 was amended in 1971 to refer to “full-time ‘peace officers’ as that term is defined in Chapter 4.”

Dep't of Fin. v. Comm'n on State Mandates, 170 Cal. App. 4th 1355 (Cal. Ct. App. 2009). “, Penal Code sections 830.31 through 830.35, 830.”

(PS) Lull v. Cnty. of Sacramento (E.D. Cal. 2021). “10 Plaintiff further argues that defendant did not have probable cause to suspect that he had 11 committed a moving or parking infraction.”

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