Reid v. Oklahoma State of, 101 F.3d 628 (10th Cir. 1996). · Go Syfert
Reid v. Oklahoma State of, 101 F.3d 628 (10th Cir. 1996). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“as a court of review, we may examine additional documents culled from the district court file and consider new legal authority, but we may not enlarge the evidentiary record to include material unavailable to the district court . . . .”
41 citation events (23 in the last 25 years) across 9 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: United States v. Dryden (ca10, 1998-03-10) · Strongest negative: William J.R. Embrey v. Greg Hershberger, Warden, United States Medical Center for Federal Prisoners (ca8, 1997-12-17)
Treatment trajectory · 1997 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1997 2011 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 28 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited "but see" William J.R. Embrey v. Greg Hershberger, Warden, United States Medical Center for Federal Prisoners (2×)
8th Cir. · 1997 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (holding the actual innocence exception does not apply in cases involving challenges to non-capital sentences); United States v. Richards, 5 F.3d 1369, 1371 (10th Cir.1993) (same); Estrada v. Witkowski, 816 F.Supp. 408, 415 (D.S.C.1993) (stating that actual innocence exception will not be applied because petitioner was convicted of a non-capital offense). 31 The procedural bar the majority now employs, whether it be based upon procedural default (waived by the government), abuse of the writ, or successive petitions, is very surprising…
discussed Cited "but see" William Embrey v. Greg Hershberger
8th Cir. · 1997 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir. 1996) (holding the actual innocence exception does not apply in cases involving challenges to non-capital sentences); United States v. Richards, 5 F.3d 1369, 1371 (10th Cir. 1993) (same); Estrada v. Witkowski, 816 F. Supp. 408, 415 (D.S.C. 1993) (stating that actual innocence exception will not be applied because petitioner was convicted of a non-capital offense).
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Dryden
10th Cir. · 1998 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
as a court of review, we may examine additional documents culled from the district court file and consider new legal authority, but we may not enlarge the evidentiary record to include material unavailable to the district court . . . .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Clay v. State of Oklahoma
10th Cir. · 2013 · confidence medium
See United States v. Kennedy, 225 F.3d 1187, 1191 (10th Cir.2000) ("This court will not consider material outside the record before the district court.”); Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630-31 (10th Cir.1996) ("As a court of review, we may examine additional documents culled from the district court file and consider new legal authority, but we may not enlarge the evidentiary record to include material unavailable to the district court____”).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Denny
10th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
Although the untimeliness of a § 2255 motion may be excused if the defendant is “actually innocent,” see United States v. Gabaldon, 522 F.3d 1121, 1124 (10th Cir.2008) (internal quotation marks omitted), a defendant “cannot be actually innocent of a noncapital sentence,” see Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (internal quotation marks omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Laurson v. Leyba
10th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
And as to Mr. Laurson’s argument that his sentence was improper, “a person cannot be actually innocent of a noncapital sentence.” Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (brackets and internal quotation marks omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Easterwood v. Beck
10th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
Vol. I, Tab 9 at 5.) Easterwood fails to recognize he is challenging his sentence, not his guilt. “ ‘A person cannot be actually innocent of a noncapital sentence.’ ” Reid v. State of Okla., 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (quoting United States v. Richards, 5 F.3d 1369, 1371 (10th Cir.1993)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Haley v. Dretke
5th Cir. · 2003 · confidence medium
Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir. Alone on the third side of the splitSSalone, 1996). that is, until joined by the panel in the instant caseSSthe Fourth Circuit has held that the ac- Similarly, if more dramatically, the Seventh tual innocence exception extends only to those Circuit has held that the exception does not non-capital sentences imposed under habitual survive AEDPA.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Michael Wayne Haley v. Janie Cockrell, Director, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, Institutional Division (2×)
5th Cir. · 2003 · confidence medium
Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Haley v. Cockrell
5th Cir. · 2002 · confidence medium
See Embrey, 131 F.3d at 740 ; Hope v. United States, 108 F.3d 119, 120 (7th Cir.1997) (determining that the actual innocence exception to noncapital sentencing proceedings did not survive the enactment of the AEDPA); Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (holding that the actual-innocence exception does not apply in cases involving challenges to non-capital sentences).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Haley v. Dretke
5th Cir. · 2002 · confidence medium
See Embrey, 131 F.3d at 740 ; Hope v. United States, 108 F.3d 119, 120 (7th Cir.1997) (determining that the actual innocence exception to noncapital sentencing proceedings did not survive the enactment of the AEDPA); Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (holding that the actual-innocence exception does not apply in cases involving challenges to noncapital sentences).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Turley
D. Kan. · 1998 · confidence medium
Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (“miscarriage of justice” exception requires claim of actual innocence regarding offense under review), ce rt. denied, 520 U.S. 1217 , 117 S.Ct. 1707 , 137 L.Ed.2d 832 (1997).
cited Cited as authority (rule) William Hope v. United States
7th Cir. · 1997 · signal: contra · confidence medium
Mills v. Jordan, 979 F.2d 1273, 1278 (7th Cir.1992); contra, Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996).
discussed Cited "see" McElhaney v. Bear
10th Cir. · 2017 · signal: see · confidence high
See Laurson v. Leyba, 507 F.3d 1230, 1233 (10th Cir. 2007) (“[A] person cannot be actually innocent of a noncapital sentence.” (quoting Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir. 1996))); see also Black v. Workman, 682 F.3d 880, 915 (10th Cir. 2012) (“This [actual-innocence] exception applies to those who are actually innocent of the crime of conviction and those ‘actually innocent’ of the death penalty (that is, not eligible for the death penalty under applicable law).”).
cited Cited "see" United States v. Dority
10th Cir. · 2013 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996).
discussed Cited "see" Saleh v. Davis
10th Cir. · 2010 · signal: see · confidence high
States v. Richards, 5 F.3d 1369, 1371 (10th Cir. 1993); see Laurson v. Leyba, 507 F.3d 1230, 1233 (10th Cir.2007) (“[A]s to Mr. Laurson's argument that his sentence was improper, ‘a person cannot be actually innocent of a noncapital sentence.’ ”) (quoting Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996)).
cited Cited "see" Collins v. Ledezma
W.D. Okla. · 2010 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. State of Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996).
discussed Cited "see" Robert Benchoff v. Raymond Colleran (2×)
3rd Cir. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (finding that distinctions between challenges to the execution of a sentence and challenges to the underlying conviction “are not made by ... the relevant statutory provisions, 28 U.S.C. § 2244 (b) & 2254”); Cf. Coady v. Vaughn, 251 F.3d 480, 485-86 (3d Cir.2001) (determining that challenges to state parole board decisions must be brought pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254 and therefore require a certificate of appealability even though the decision under attack is not the underlying conviction but the execution of the sentence).
discussed Cited "see" Benchoff v. Colleran (2×)
3rd Cir. · 2005 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir. 1996) (finding that distinctions between challenges to the execution of a sentence and challenges to the underlying conviction “are not made by . . . the relevant statutory provisions, 28 U.S.C. § 2244 (b) & 2254”); Cf. Coady v. Vaughn, 251 F.3d 480, 485-86 (3d Cir. 2001) (determining that challenges to state parole board decisions must be brought pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2254 and therefore require a certificate of appealability even though the decision under attack is not the underlying conviction but the execution of the sentence).
discussed Cited "see" Frischenmeyer v. Buffington
10th Cir. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630-31 (10th Cir. 1996) (On review of district court’s decision, “we may not enlarge the evidentiary record to include material unavailable to the district court.”) , cert. denied, 117 S. Ct. 1707 (1997).
discussed Cited "see" Frischenmeyer v. Buffington
10th Cir. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630-31 (10th Cir.1996) (On review of district court's decision, "we may not enlarge the evidentiary record to include material unavailable to the district court."), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 117 S.Ct. 1707 , 137 L.Ed.2d 832 (1997).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Edward Dryden
10th Cir. · 1998 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630-31 (10th Cir.1996) ("As a court of review, we may examine additional documents culled from the district court file and consider new legal authority, but we may not enlarge the evidentiary record to include material unavailable to the district court ...."), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 117 S.Ct. 1707 , 137 L.Ed.2d 832 (1997)
discussed Cited "see" Furr's Supermarkets v. United Food
10th Cir. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See generally Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630-31 (10th Cir.1996) ("As a court of review, we may examine additional documents culled from the district court file and consider new legal authority, but we may not enlarge the evidentiary record to include material unavailable to the district court ...."), cert. denied, 117 S.Ct. 1707 (1997).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Felix (2×)
10th Cir. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628 , 629 & n.2 (10th Cir. 1996) ( 28 U.S.C. § 2254 proceeding); see also Lopez, 100 F.3d at 117 (in § 2255 proceeding, where defendant filed notice of appeal prior to Act’s enactment, this court, without discussion, applied pre-Act law addressing procedural defaults).
discussed Cited "see" United States v. Frank Dennis Felix (2×)
10th Cir. · 1997 · signal: see · confidence high
See Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628 , 629 & n. 2 (10th Cir.1996) ( 28 U.S.C. § 2254 proceeding); see also Lopez, 100 F.3d at 117 (in § 2255 proceeding, where defendant filed notice of appeal prior to Act's enactment, this court, without discussion, applied pre-Act law addressing procedural defaults).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Collins v. Ledezma
10th Cir. · 2010 · signal: see also · confidence medium
Sines v. Wilner, 609 F.3d 1070, 1072-73 (10th Cir.2010); United States v. Richards, 5 F.3d 1369, 1371 (10th Cir.1993) (“A person cannot be actually innocent of a noncapital sentence .... ” (citing Sawyer v. Whitley, 505 U.S. 333 , 112 S.Ct. 2514, 2519-20 , 120 L.Ed.2d 269 (1992); Estrada v. Witkowski, 816 F.Supp. 408, 414 (D.S.C.1993))); see also Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628, 630 (10th Cir.1996) (explaining in abuse-of-writ context that claimed innocence of an enhancement charge rather than of an underlying crime is not a claim of actual innocence that would implicate § 2254’s miscarr…
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Ronald Keith Williamson v. Ronald Ward, Warden, State Penitentiary at McAlester
10th Cir. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628 , 629 n. 2 (10th Cir.1996) (noting that result would be the same under either version of habe-as corpus provisions); United States v. Hernandez, 94 F.3d 606 , 612 n. 4 (10th Cir.1996) (same); Earnest v. Dorsey, 87 F.3d 1123 , 1127 n. 1 (10th Cir.) (same), cert. denied,-U.S.-, 117 S.Ct. 527 , 136 L.Ed.2d 414 (1996). 7 .
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Williamson v. Ward
10th Cir. · 1997 · signal: see, e.g. · confidence low
See, e.g., Reid v. Oklahoma, 101 F.3d 628 , 629 n.2 (10th Cir. 1996) (noting that result would be the same under either version of habeas corpus provisions); United States v. Hernandez, 94 F.3d 606 , 612 n.4 (10th Cir. 1996) (same); Earnest v. Dorsey, 87 F.3d 1123 , 1127 n.1 (10th Cir.) (same), cert. denied, 117 S. Ct. 527 (1996). -9- recital of external events and the credibility of their narrators.’” Thompson v. Keohane, 116 S. Ct. 457, 464 (1995) (quoting Townsend v. Sain, 372 U.S. 293 , 309 n.6 (1963) (internal quotation omitted)).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Ronald Ray REID, Petitioner-Appellant,
v.
STATE OF OKLAHOMA, Respondent-Appellee
95-6458.
Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.
Nov 25, 1996.
101 F.3d 628
Ronald Ray Reid, pro se., W.A. Drew Edmondson, Attorney General of OMahoma, Patrick T. Crawley, Assistant Attorney General, OMahoma City, OMahoma, for Respondent-Appellee.
Baldock, Briscoe, Lungstrum.
Cited by 37 opinions  |  Published
BRISCOE, Circuit Judge.

Petitioner Ronald Ray Reid appeals from a district court order dismissing his petition for a writ of habeas corpus under 28 U.S.C. § 2254. [1] The district court held the grounds raised were variously abusive or successive, found neither cause nor miscarriage of justice to excuse their deficiency, and dismissed the petition with prejudice pursuant to Rule 9(b) of the Rules Governing Section 2254 Cases and McCleskey v. Zant, 499 U.S. 467, 111 S.Ct. 1454, 113 L.Ed.2d 517 (1991). [2] We affirm.

I

In 1989, petitioner pled guilty in state court to numerous felony counts, for which he was sentenced, in accordance with Oklahoma’s recidivist statutes, Okla.Stat.Ann. tit. 21, §§ 51(B) (enhancement after former conviction of two prior felonies), 54 (applying enhancement to foreign felonies), to concurrent terms of twenty-five years. The former felonies relied on were three convictions, also obtained by plea, from Texas. The petition filed in this case challenged the constitutionality of petitioner’s OMahoma convictions/sentences on three grounds: (1) all of his pleas, in both OMahoma and Texas, were unknowing and involuntary due to the contemporaneous influence of the psychotropic medication Elavil; (2) the Texas pleas were also undermined by the government’s breach of a plea bargain on which they rested; and (3) his OMahoma counsel rendered ineffective assistance by stipulating to the prior Texas convictions without investigating their constitutionality. See R. I doc 2, at 6-7.

As the district court noted, this is petitioner’s third attempt to secure habeas relief since his 1989 conviction. His first petition, dismissed in Reid v. Kaiser, No. CIV-92-76-R (W.D.Okla.), aff' d, No. 92-6151, 1992 WL 189110 (10th Cir. Aug.7, 1992), raised, without success, essentially the same ineffective assistance claim summarized above. His second petition, dismissed in Reid v. Punches, No. CIV-94-1996-R (W.D.Okla.), aff'd, No. 95-6221, 1995 WL 480313 (10th Cir. Aug.15, 1995), unsuccessfully challenged the denial of emergency time credits under a statutory exclusion for § 51 habitual offenders, see Okla.Stat.Ann. tit. 57, § 573(3), claiming that the exclusion did not apply to recidivist sentences based on foreign convictions.

II

The district court dismissed petitioner’s claim for ineffective assistance of OMahoma trial counsel as plainly successive. We agree. The claim was both asserted and rejected on the merits in Reid v. Kaiser, thereby fulfilling the conditions for dismissability under Rule 9(b). See Watkins v. Champion, 39 F.3d 273, 275 (10th Cir.1994).

The district court dismissed as abusive petitioner’s claim regarding the influence of Elavil on his various guilty pleas,[*630] because it was not included in his first habe-as petition. As cause for this omission, petitioner argues he “could not raise this issue until he discontinued ingesting Elavil and started having clear and rational thoughts in 1993.” Appellant’s Opening Brief filed February 23, 1996 (Op.Br.) at 45.

Without implying any acceptance of petitioner’s dubious contention that his use of Elavil provided a continuing exemption from the requirements of Rule 9(b), [3] we note that such an excuse was no longer available when he filed his second habeas petition in 1994. Petitioner does not address this obvious point, evidently presuming that abuse-of-the-writ. principles do not apply when one habeas petition challenges execution of sentence and another the underlying conviction or the imposition of sentence. Such distinctions are not made by Rule 9(b) or the relevant statutory provisions, 28 U.S.C. §§ 2244(b) & 2254, and indeed have been rejected by other circuits, see McGary v. Scott, [4] 27 F.3d 181, 183 (5th Cir.1994)(applying abuse-of-the-writ principles to consecutive habeas petitions challenging conviction and deprivation of good time credit); see also Goode v. Wainwright, 731 F.2d 1482, 1483-84 (11th Cir.1984)(applying abuse-of-the-writ principles to consecutive habeas petitions challenging capital conviction and execution of death sentence). We embrace this sound authority and, consequently, reject petitioner’s proffered excuse for twice omitting an available challenge to the knowing and voluntary nature of his numerous guilty pleas.

The remaining infirmity alleged with respect to the predicate Texas convictions originally involved only the breach of a plea bargain regarding sentence, though petitioner later added inadequate plea advisement and counsel’s failure to perfect an appeal. We agree with the district court that the operative facts were plainly available to petitioner before he filed his first habeas petition (and, a fortiori, before he filed the second). Contrary to petitioner’s suggestion, the fact that he subsequently obtained an evidentiary hearing on such matters in Texas does not somehow negate their prior availability for purposes of Rule 9(b). Indeed, in support of his ineffective assistance argument, petitioner now asserts that he raised such matters with Oklahoma counsel at the time of his plea in 1989. See Op. Br. at 31.

Further, we find nothing in the record to implicate the “miscarriage of justice” exception, which requires a claim of actual innocence regarding the offense under review. See McCleskey, 499 U.S. at 502, 111 S.Ct. at 1474-75; Murray v. Carrier, 477 U.S. 478, 495-96, 106 S.Ct. 2639, 2649-50, 91 L.Ed.2d 397 (1986). Petitioner challenges his conviction and sentence in Oklahoma, R. I doc.2, at 1-2, 6-7, yet he does not assert that he is innocent of the felonies to which he pled guilty there. Instead, he asserts that he “is innocent of the enhancement charge.” Op. Br. at 46 (emphasis added). The Oklahoma habitual offender statute merely adds a non-capital enhancement to a sentence imposed for an underlying felony conviction; it does not set out elements of an independent criminal offense. See Simmons v. State, 549 P.2d 111, 117 (Okla.Crim.App.1976). Accordingly, because “[a] person cannot be actually innocent of a noncapital sentence,” United States v. Richards, 5 F.3d 1369, 1371 (10th Cir.1993), petitioner’s challenge to his recidivist enhancement does not fall within the potential scope of the miscarriage of justice exception.

Finally, we must address a number of procedural matters raised in the course of this proceeding. We grant petitioner’s motions to supplement the record and to “File Amendment Interchanging New Case Authority,” but deny his motions “to Compel.” As a court of review, we may examine additional documents culled from the district court file and consider new legal authority, but we may not enlarge the evidentiary ree-[*631] ord to include material unavailable to the district court, much less compel discovery of such material from an opposing party. We deny respondent’s request “to prohibit Petitioner from filing any further Petitions asserting the. same or similar allegations,” Brief of Appellee at 6, as effectively mooted by § 106(b)(3) of the AEDPA, which now requires prior appellate approval before any “second or successive [§ 2254] application” may be filed in district court. As for respondent’s concomitant request for “any costs or double costs that this Court deems apropos,” Brief of Appellee at 6, we consider a double-cost award unwarranted, though we note that “[single] costs shall be taxed against the [unsuccessful] appellant” as a matter of course under Fed.R.App.P. 39(a).

The judgment of the district court is AFFIRMED. The mandate shall issue forthwith.

1

. After examining the briefs and appellate record, this panel has determined unanimously to grant the parties' request for a decision on the briefs without oral argument. See Fed.R.App.P. 34(f); 10th Cir.R. 34.1.9. The case is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.

2

. We refer herein to the rules and case law controlling abusive and successive habeas petitions when the district court rendered its decision in December 1995, several months before passage of the Antiterrorism and Effective Death Penalty Act of 1996 (AEDPA), Pub.L.No. 104—132, 110 Stat. 1214 (1996). Cf. Hatch v. Oklahoma, 92 F.3d 1012, 1014 & n. 2 (10th Cir.1996)(applying abusive/successive petition provisions of AEDPA to habeas petition filed two months after passage). However, we would reach the same result under the even more restrictive standards contained in Title I of the AEDPA.

3

. We note, for example, that petitioner offers no explanation why the lack of "clarity” and "rationality" allegedly caused by the Elavil only selectively precluded his assertion of habeas claims.

4

. McGary has been followed in unpublished decisions by two other circuits. See Fuller v. Baker, No. 94-3989, 1995 WL 390298, at **1-2 (6th Cir. June 30, 1995); Hamm v. Murphy, No. 94-2175, 1995 WL 247338, at **2 (1st Cir. Apr.10, 1995).