Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689 (Tex. App. 1999). · Go Syfert
Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689 (Tex. App. 1999). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
35 citation events (32 in the last 25 years) across 2 distinct courts.
Treatment trajectory · 2000 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2000 2013 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 14 distinct citers. How cited ↗
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Ryan v. Rosenthal (4×) also: Cited as authority (rule), Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2010 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
one of the two morales elements has not been satisfied, and ... the trial court had no jurisdiction to render a declaratory judgment or to enjoin the enforcement of the penal statute.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Robert C. Ryan, Jeffery L. Dorrell, Steven Howell, Joann McCracken, Lonnie Buckner, Barbara Coffman Buck, Shannon Burns, Dan Hall, and Pat Riddle Womack v. Charles A. Rosenthal, in His Capacity as District Attorney of Harris County, Texas (4×) also: Cited as authority (rule), Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2010 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
one of the two morales elements has not been satisfied, and . . . the trial court had no jurisdiction to render a declaratory judgment or to enjoin the enforcement of the penal statute.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) City of San Antonio; San Antonio Police Department; Joe Vidal, Individually and in His Official Capacity; And Daniel Moynihan, Individually and in His Official Capacity v. Jimmy Martin, GGL Vendor Leasing LLC, and JLM Games, Inc.
txctapp4 · 2026 · confidence medium
Att’y v. JLM Games, Inc., No. 13-17-00653-CV, 2019 WL 5997504 , at *1–4 (Tex. App.—Corpus Christi–Edinburg -3- 04-25-00351-CV Nov. 4, 2019, pet. denied) (mem. op.); Cornyn v. Akin, 50 S.W.3d 735 , 735–38 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2001, no pet.); City of Longview v. Head, 33 S.W.3d 47 , 50–54 (Tex. App.—Tyler 2000, no pet.); Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.); cf. Rylie II, 649 S.W.3d at 247–48 (considering competing claims about the validity of city ordinances regarding gambling and the constitutionality of the fuzzy-animal exclu…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) the Cameron County District Attorney in His Official Capacity Representing the State of Texas v. JLM Games and GGL Vendor Leasing LLC
Tex. App. · 2019 · confidence medium
Attorney’s Office v. Stars & Stripes Sweepstakes, L.L.C., 121 S.W.3d 460, 469 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2003, no pet.) (quoting Letson v. Barnes, 979 S.W.2d 414, 418 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 1998, pet. denied) (using a Morales analysis to hold that “a trial court lack[s] jurisdiction to issue a temporary injunction prohibiting law enforcement officials from pursuing allegedly improper interpretations of gambling statutes by ‘seizing, confiscating, forfeiting, or initiating forfeiture proceedings against’ the plaintiffs’ eight-liner machines.”)); see In re Cornyn, 27 S.W.3d 327, 337 (Tex. …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) City of Houston v. Guthrie
Tex. App. · 2010 · confidence medium
Id. (citing Potter County Attorney’s Office v. Stars & Stripes, Sweepstakes, L.L.C., 121 S.W.3d 460, 469 (Tex.App.-Amarillo 2003, no pet.); Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) the City of Houston, Houston, Texas Municipal Utility District 132 Municipal Utility District 157 and Municipal Utility District 152 v. Joel Guthrie D/B/A Sarges Fireworks, Fireworks Center 50, LLC, Paul Dewey Jones D/B/A Freedom 2000 Fireworks, Metro Church and Gulf Coast Avenue C, LLC
Tex. App. · 2009 · confidence medium
Id. (citing Potter County Attorney's Office v. Stars & Stripes , Sweepstakes, L.L.C ., 121 S.W.3d 460, 469 (Tex. App.--Amarillo 2003, no pet.); Warren v. Aldridge , 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex. App.--Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.)).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) City of La Marque v. Braskey
Tex. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
See Potter County Attorney’s Office v. Stars & Stripes, Sweepstakes, L.L.C., 121 S.W.3d 460, 469 (Tex.App.-Amarillo 2003, no pet.); Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex.App.-Houston[14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) the City of La Marque v. Toyya Braskey D/B/A the Momma Cat
Tex. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
See Potter County Attorney's Office v. Stars & Stripes, Sweepstakes, L.L.C. , 121 S.W.3d 460, 469 (Tex. App.--Amarillo 2003, no pet.); Warren v. Aldridge , 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex. App.--Houston[14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Briar Voluntary Fire Department v. Dee Anderson in His Capacity as Sheriff of Tarrant County, Texas (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2005 · confidence medium
Morales , 869 S.W.2d at 945 ; Potter County Attorney’s Office , 121 S.W.3d at 468 ; Warren v. Aldridge , 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.). 9.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Briar Voluntary Fire Department v. Dee Anderson in His Capacity as Sheriff of Tarrant County, Texas (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2005 · confidence medium
App. P. 47.4. 2: State v. Morales , 869 S.W.2d 941, 942 , 947–48 (Tex. 1994). 3: Bland ISD v. Blue , 34 S.W.3d 547, 554 (Tex. 2000). 4: Mayhew v. Town of Sunnyvale , 964 S.W.2d 922, 928 (Tex. 1998), cert. denied , 526 U.S. 1144 (1999); Levatte v. City of Wichita Falls , 144 S.W.3d 218, 222 (Tex. App.—Fort Worth 2004, no pet.). 5: Bland ISD , 34 S.W.3d at 555 . 6: Id . 7: See Morales , 869 S.W.2d at 942 , 947–48; Potter County Attorney’s Office v. Stars & Stripes Sweepstakes , L.L.C. , 121 S.W.3d 460, 468 (Tex. App.—Amarillo 2003, no pet.); City of Longview v. Head , 33 S.W.3d 47, 53 …
cited Cited as authority (rule) Law v. William Marsh Rice University
Tex. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689, 690 (TexApp.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Katrina Guillory Law and Booker T. Law III v. William Marsh Rice University
Tex. App. · 2003 · confidence medium
Warren v. Aldridge , 992 S.W.2d 689, 690 (Tex. App. C Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Sterling v. San Antonio Police Department (2×) also: Cited "see"
Tex. App. · 2002 · confidence medium
Cf. Cornyn v. Akin, 50 S.W.3d 735, 737-38 (Tex.App.-El Paso 2001, no pet.) (Morales not satisfied because plaintiffs asked only for declaration that their use of eight-liners did not constitute criminal activity); Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.) (same); Letson v. Barnes, 979 S.W.2d 414, 418 (Tex.App.-Amarillo 1998, pet. denied) (same); see also City of Longview v. Head, 33 S.W.3d 47, 53 (Tex.App.-Tyler 2000, no pet.) (court had no jurisdiction to consider bare allegation that section 47.01 in its entirety is unconstitutional).
discussed Cited "see" City of Longview v. Head
Tex. App. · 2000 · signal: see · confidence high
See Warren v. Aldridge, 992 S.W.2d 689, 691 (Tex.App.-Houston [14th Dist.] 1999, no pet.) (trial court had no jurisdiction to declare that use of eight-liners does not constitute criminal activity); Emmco Ins.
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Dan D. WARREN and Imran Wasiq, Appellants,
v.
Jerome ALDRIDGE, District Attorney and Joe King, Sheriff, Appellees
14-98-1175-CV.
Court of Appeals of Texas.
Jun 24, 1999.
992 S.W.2d 689
George M. Karam, Woodlands, for appellants., Hery W. Prejean, Jr., Donald S. Stephens, Angleton, for appellees.
Leslie Brock Yates.
Cited by 16 opinions  |  Published

OPINION

. LESLIE BROCK YATES, Justice.

Appellants, Dan D. Warren and Imran Wasiq, appeal the trial court’s denial of their temporary injunction. Appellant, Wasiq, owns a Chevron gas station and convenience store in Brazoria County, in which he operates six “eight liner” amusement machines leased from appellant, Dan D. Warren. In July 1998, believing the machines to be illegal gambling devices, Brazoria County law enforcement ordered Wasiq to remove the machines or risk their forfeiture. Appellants brought suit seeking (1) a declaration that their amusement machines conformed with the requirements of Tex. Pen.Code Ann. § 47.01 (4)(B) (Vernon Supp.1999) and that possession and operation of them was lawful; and (2) injunctive relief to prevent criminal prosecution and forfeiture. The trial court denied appellants’ request for a temporary injunction because it believed appellants did not have a probable right of recovery on final trial. In four points of error, appellants contend that the trial court abused its discretion in denying their request for a temporary injunction. We reverse the order denying the temporary injunction and remand the cause with instructions to dismiss for want of jurisdiction.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

The purpose of a temporary injunction is to preserve the status quo until a final hearing on the merits. See Davis v. Huey, 571 S.W.2d 859, 862 (Tex.1978). A party is entitled to such protection when it demonstrates a probable injury and a probable right of recovery. See Walling v. Metcalfe, 863 S.W.2d 56, 57 (Tex.1998). A probable right of recovery is proven by alleging a cause of action and presenting evidence that tends to sustain it. See id. at 58. Probable injury is proven through evidence of imminent harm, irreparable injury, and the lack of an adequate legal remedy. See id.

The decision to grant or deny a temporary injunction lies in the sound discretion of the trial court, and the court’s grant or denial is subject to reversal only for a clear abuse of that discretion. See id. The trial court abuses its discretion when it acts arbitrarily and unreasonably, without reference to guiding rules or principles, or misapplies the law to the established facts. See Bertotti v. C.E. Shepherd Co., 752 S.W.2d 648, 651 (Tex.App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1988, no writ).

SECTION 47.01, PENAL CODE

The law prohibits the ownership, manufacture or possession of a machine designed for gambling purposes. See Tex. Pen.Code Ann. § 47.06(a) (Vernon 1994). This prohibition extends to any electronic, electromechanical, or mechanical contrivance that for consideration affords the player an opportunity to obtain anything of value, the award of which is determined solely or partially by chance. See Tex. Pen.Code Ann. § 47.01(4) (Vernon Supp. 1999). However, the law excludes from this definition any electronic, electromechanical, or mechanical contrivance designed, made, and adapted solely for bona fide amusement purposes if the contrivance rewards the player exclusively with[*691] noncash merchandise. See id. § 47.01(4)(B).

Appellants claim that appellees cannot enforce against them a penal law prohibiting gambling, section 47.01, et seq., since their “eight liner” machines fall within an exception to that law, section 47.01(4)(B). Thus, appellants filed suit to obtain a declaration affirming their argument and an injunction prohibiting appellees from pursuing a criminal prosecution. However, before a civil court may construe a penal statute and enjoin its enforcement, the complainant must both attack the constitutionality of the provision and aver that its enforcement would irreparably injure vested property rights. See State v. Morales, 869 S.W.2d 941, 945 (Tex.1994). If one or the other is not satisfied, then the trial court has no jurisdiction to enjoin the proceeding. See id. Appellants did not challenge the constitutionality of section 47.01, et seq.; rather they sought an interpretation of the statute and a declaration that use of “eight liner” machines does not constitute criminal activity thereunder. Thus, one of the two Morales elements has not been satisfied, and we must hold the trial court had no jurisdiction to render a declaratory judgment or to enjoin the enforcement of the penal statute.

When an equity court lacks jurisdiction, it must dismiss, rather than deny, the injunction. Accordingly, we reverse the order denying the temporary injunction and remand the cause to the trial court with instructions to dismiss for want of jurisdiction.