Timothy Carroll v. Frank Wilkerson & William Lucas (84-1291), Cnty. of Wayne (84-1292), 782 F.2d 44 (6th Cir. 1986). · Go Syfert
Timothy Carroll v. Frank Wilkerson & William Lucas (84-1291), Cnty. of Wayne (84-1292), 782 F.2d 44 (6th Cir. 1986). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“for civil rights suits filed in michigan under 1983, the statute of limitations is three years. see mich. comp. laws 600.5805 (10)”
276 citation events (235 in the last 25 years) across 7 distinct courts.
Treatment trajectory · 1986 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1986 2006 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) Trefry v. Phillips
D. Me. · 2011 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
for civil rights suits filed in michigan under 1983, the statute of limitations is three years. see mich. comp. laws 600.5805 (10)
cited Cited as authority (rule) Justin Jarvis Jerome Phillips v. Ingham County, et al.
W.D. Mich. · 2026 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Daniel Brown Jr. v. City of Detroit, et al.
E.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
(ECF No. 1, PageID.1.) The “governing statute of limitations for § 1983 claims arising in Michigan is three years.” Rapp v. Putman, 644 F. App'x 621, 625 (6th Cir. 2016) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Tyler Maliek Allen v. Unknown Rubley et al.
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805(2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990, at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Shannon T. Boyle v. State of Michigan Child Protective Services, et al.
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bernard Branch v. Cory Grahn et al.
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Stacia Green v. Elizabeth Hertel, et al.
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
LAWS § 600.5805(10); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97- 2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Theriot 423068 v. Taskilea
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Hernandez 780141 v. Bonn
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Brazil 627439 v. Washington
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (10); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Jernagin v. Oakland, County of
E.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
“Section 1983 claims in Michigan must be raised within the three-year limitations period applicable to personal-injury suits.” Syzak v. Dammon, No. 15-2468, 2017 U.S. App. LEXIS 25834 , 2017 WL 5712670 , at *2 (6th Cir. Feb. 17, 2017) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986)); McClellan v. Cty. of Chippewa, 634 F. Supp. 3d 404 , 416 (W.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Bowles v. Sabree
E.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Motor Carrier Safety Admin., 814 F.3d 417, 430 (6th Cir. 2016) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986)); see also Garza v. Lansing Sch.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Palakurthi v. Wayne County, Michigan
E.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Motor Carrier Safety Admin., 814 F.3d 417, 430 (6th Cir. 2016) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Palakurthi v. Wayne County, Michigan
E.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Motor Carrier Safety Admin., 814 F.3d 417, 430 (6th Cir. 2016) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Sanders v. Wayne, County of
E.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Motor Carrier Safety Admin., 814 F.3d 417, 430 (6th Cir. 2016) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986); see also Garza v. Lansing Sch.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Tillman 273361 v. Jensen
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Orso 374067 v. Washington
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (10); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) McMillan v. Michigan, State of
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (8); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir.) (per curiam), cert. denied, 479 U.S. 923 (1986); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97- 2239, 1999 WL 96990 , *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Alshimary 342578 v. Russell
W.D. Mich. · 2025 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (10); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Hill 793484 v. Smith
W.D. Mich. · 2024 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Dykes 201541 v. Brown
W.D. Mich. · 2024 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Scott v. Ambani, 577 F.3d 642, 646 (6th Cir. 2009); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999) (applying Michigan’s three-year limitation period for personal injury claims to prisoner section 1983 actions).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Hunter v. Cunningham
W.D. Mich. · 2024 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Martin 794831 v. Michigan Department of Corrections
W.D. Mich. · 2024 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999). are immune under the Eleventh Amendment from suit in the federal courts, unless the state has waived immunity or Congress has expressly abrogated Eleventh Amendment immunity by statute.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Austin v. Doe
E.D. Mich. · 2024 · confidence medium
See Wilson v. Garcia, 471 U.S. 261, 276 (1985) (directing federal courts to apply the most analogous state personal injury statute of limitations to § 1983 claims); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986) (Michigan’s three-year statute of limitations applies to § 1983 claims arising in Michigan).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jones 617568 v. Ingham County Correctional Facility
W.D. Mich. · 2024 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Davis 200318 v. Washington
W.D. Mich. · 2024 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Miles 237011 v. Michigan, State of (2×)
W.D. Mich. · 2023 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97- 2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999). 2.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Atkins 742687 v. Savoie
W.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Deleon v. Kent, County of
W.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) McClellan v. Chippewa, County of
W.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
“Section 1983 claims in Michigan must be raised within the three- year limitations period applicable to personal-injury suits.” Syzak v. Dammon, No. 15-2468, 2017 WL 5712670 , at *2 (6th Cir. Feb. 17, 2017) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986)). “‘Although state law provides the statute of limitations to be applied in a § 1983 damages action, federal law governs the question of when that limitations period begins to run.’” Wolfe v. Perry, 412 F.3d 707, 714 (6th Cir. 2005) (quoting Sevier v. Turner, 742 F.2d 262, 272 (6th Cir. 1984)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Partee v. Trobridge
E.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); see also Mich. Comp.
cited Cited as authority (rule) White 225440 v. Newcomb
W.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Miller 418575 v. Edger
W.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Rudd v. Norton Shores, City of
W.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Farr v. Winn
E.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986) (section 1983 claim subject to Michigan’s three-year limitations period).
cited Cited as authority (rule) McGee 145126 v. Dawdy
W.D. Mich. · 2022 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Alger 376096 v. Snyder
W.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Curl v. Doe
E.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Egyptian European Pharmaceutical Industry v. Regents of the University of Michigan
E.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Carrol v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Crawford 560561 v. Detroit, City of
W.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Metris-Shamoon v. City of Detroit
E.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Cooey v. Strickland, 479 F.3d 412, 416 (6th Cir. 2007); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Cheeks 236305 v. Michigan Department of Corrections
W.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Jenkins 172475 v. Nationwide Mutual Insurance Company
W.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Grant v. Montgomery County
S.D. Ohio · 2021 · confidence medium
Nevertheless, the law is clearly established that the county can be held liable for unconstitutional policies implemented at the jail. , 758 F.2d 181, 189 (6th Cir. 1985) (holding that, because the Sheriff is the law enforcement arm of the county, the county may be held liable where an official policy of the Sheriff’s Department inflicts a constitutional injury). , 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (same); , No. 2:18cv12913, 2018 WL 6305332 , at *2 (E.D.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Lott 871773 v. Corizion
W.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Grainger v. Ottawa, County of
W.D. Mich. · 2021 · confidence medium
The Sixth Circuit has applied Michigan’s three-year statute 8 The Court acknowledges that Plaintiff pleads a Fifth Amendment claim under § 1983 (Count I) and a claim “arising directly” under the Fifth Amendment (Count II). of limitation to § 1983 claims in Michigan. , 821 F. App’x 533 , 537 (6th Cir. 2020) (citing , 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam)); Mich. Comp.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Robinson v. Hendershot
E.D. Mich. · 2020 · confidence medium
McCune v. Grand Rapids, 842 F.2d 903, 905 (6th Cir. 1988) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 45 (6th Cir. 1986)).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Edwards 203782 v. Washington
W.D. Mich. · 2020 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
cited Cited as authority (rule) Luft v. Midland County
E.D. Mich. · 2020 · confidence medium
Estate of Majors v. Gerlach, 821 F. App’x 533 , 537 (6th Cir. 2020) (citing Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Mich. Comp.
cited Cited as authority (rule) Spearman 320836 v. Whitmer
W.D. Mich. · 2020 · confidence medium
Laws § 600.5805 (2); Carroll v. Wilkerson, 782 F.2d 44, 44 (6th Cir. 1986) (per curiam); Stafford v. Vaughn, No. 97-2239, 1999 WL 96990 , at *1 (6th Cir. Feb. 2, 1999).
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Timothy CARROLL, Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
Frank WILKERSON and William Lucas (84-1291), County of Wayne (84-1292), Defendants-Appellees
84-1291, 84-1292.
Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit.
Mar 12, 1986.
782 F.2d 44
Julie H. Hurwitz (argued), Deborah La-Belle (argued), Detroit, Mich., for plaintiff-appellant., Richard KudlaL John D. O’Hair, Glen H. Downs (argued), Detroit, Mich., for defendants-appellees.
Lively, Well-Ford, Porter.
Cited by 256 opinions  |  Published
[*45] PER CURIAM.

The plaintiff, who claimed to have been assaulted and raped by other inmates while in the Wayne County Jail for violating probation, brought this action pursuant to 42 U.S.G. § 1983 against the Wayne County sheriff and the administrator of the Wayne County Jail, and against the County. The district court dismissed the claims against the sheriff and jail administrator upon finding that they were barred by the applicable state statute of limitations. Subsequently, the district court granted summary judgment in favor of the County upon finding that the sheriff and the sheriffs administrative staff, rather than the County, were responsible for the operation of the jail and that after their dismissal from the case there was no viable defendant. The plaintiff appealed both orders, and the two appeals were consolidated by this court.

There have been several significant decisions by the Supreme Court of the United States and by this court since the district court entered its orders in this case. In Wilson v. Garcia, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 1938, 85 L.Ed.2d 254 (1985), the Supreme Court determined that all section 1983 claims should be characterized in the same way for limitations purposes and that such claims are best characterized as personal injury actions. In Garcia the Supreme Court then decided that the applicable state statute of limitations which applied generally to personal injury actions was the proper one to be applied in that section 1983 case. In Mulligan v. Hazard, 777 F.2d 340, (6th Cir.1985), this court determined that Wilson v. Garcia should be applied retroactively. If the district court had had the benefit of the decisions in Wilson v. Garcia and Mulligan v. Hazard it would have been compelled to conclude that the present section 1983 action was subject to the three-year statute of limitations for personal injury claims set forth in MCLA § 600.5805(8). Accordingly, the orders dismissing the claims against Wilkerson and Lucas must be vacated and the case remanded for further proceedings with respect to those claims.

With respect to the claim against Wayne County, it appears that a decision of this court rendered after the decision of the district court undercuts the reasoning of the district court in dismissing the claims against the County. In Marchese v. Lucas, 758 F.2d 181 (6th Cir.1985), this court held Wayne County liable for the acts of the county sheriff in a section 1983 action alleging mistreatment of a prisoner in the county jail. In reaching this conclusion, this court relied in part on the decision of the Supreme Court of the United States in Brandon v. Holt, — U.S. -, 105 S.Ct. 873, 83 L.Ed.2d 878 (1985). These recent decisions require reversal of the order dismissing the claims against Wayne County.

The judgments appealed from are reversed. The claims against Wilkerson and Lucas are remanded for further proceedings and the claims against Wayne County are remanded for reconsideration in the light of Brandon v. Holt and Marchese v. Lucas, and such further proceedings as may be required. Upon remand the district court will also consider the recent decisions of the Supreme Court in Daniels v. Williams, — U.S. —, 106 S.Ct. 662, 88 L.Ed.2d 662 (1986), and Davidson v. Cannon, — U.S. —, 106 S.Ct. 668, 88 L.Ed.2d 677 (1986).