Leo v. Leo, 125 A.D.3d 1319 (N.Y. App. Div. 2015). · Go Syfert
Leo v. Leo, 125 A.D.3d 1319 (N.Y. App. Div. 2015). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
8 citation events (8 in the last 25 years) across 2 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: Petroci v. Petroci (nyappdiv, 2015-07-10)
Top citers, strongest first. 5 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Petroci v. Petroci
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · confidence medium
Finally, “giving due deference to the court’s credibility determinations” (Leo v Leo, 125 AD3d 1319, 1319 [2015]; see Flash v Fudella, 64 AD3d 1242, 1243 [2009]), we perceive no error in the award of extracurricular and child care expenses.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Petroci v. Petroci
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · confidence medium
Finally, “giving due deference to the court’s credibility determinations” (Leo v Leo, 125 AD3d 1319, 1319 [2015]; see Flash v Fudella, 64 AD3d 1242, 1243 [2009]), we perceive no error in the award of extracurricular and child care expenses.
discussed Cited "see" Gardner v. Zammit
N.Y. App. Div. · 2021 · signal: see · confidence high
To modify a separation agreement that is incorporated but not merged into a divorce judgment, the party seeking the modification must "make 'a showing of extreme hardship' " ( Marrano v Marrano , 23 AD3d 1104, 1105 [4th Dept 2005], quoting Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [9] [b] [1]; see Leo v Leo , 125 AD3d 1319, 1319 [4th Dept 2015]).
discussed Cited "see" SAYERS, RICHARD E. v. SAYERS, JANICE M.
N.Y. App. Div. · 2015 · signal: see · confidence high
Generally, where there is a separation agreement that remains in force, “no modification of a prior order or judgment incorporating the terms of said agreement shall be made as to maintenance without a showing of extreme hardship on either party” (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [9] [b] [1]; see Leo v Leo, 125 AD3d 1319, 1319 [2015]; Martin v Martin, 80 AD3d 579, 580 [2011]).
discussed Cited "see, e.g." Sanseri v. Sanseri
N.Y. Sup. Ct. · 2015 · signal: see also · confidence low
(Rabinovich v Shevchenko, 120 AD3d 786 [2d Dept 2014]; Ashmore v Ashmore, 114 AD3d 712 [2d Dept 2014]; see also Leo v Leo, 125 AD3d 1319 [4th Dept 2015] [with respect to the burden of proof to be applied when a party seeks to reduce the amount of maintenance set forth in a separation agreement that has been incorporated, but not merged into a judgment of divorce, that party has the burden of establishing “extreme hardship”].) In this case, there is simply insufficient evidence to justify a conclusion that there has been a substantial change in the payor’s financial circumstances since th…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Ronald P. Leo
v.
Pamela S. Leo
Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York.
Feb 6, 2015.
125 A.D.3d 1319
Cited by 6 opinions  |  Published

Appeal from an order and judgment (one paper) of the Supreme Court, Erie County (John F. O’Donnell, J.), entered October 17, 2013. The order and judgment, among other things, denied the motion of plaintiff to terminate or reduce his payments to defendant for maintenance and a distributive award.

It is hereby ordered that the order and judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.

Memorandum: Pursuant to the parties’ 1998 separation agreement, which was incorporated but not merged into the judgment of divorce, plaintiff, inter alia, agreed to pay defendant $1,666.66 in maintenance per month and a distributive award of $1,058.80 per month; to maintain a $250,000 life insurance policy for the benefit of defendant; and to provide defendant with health and dental insurance. The monthly distributive award was subsequently modified to $700 per month by court order. In September 2011, plaintiff moved to terminate or reduce his obligations to defendant based on financial hardship, and, in May 2012, defendant cross-moved for enforcement of plaintiffs obligations under the separation agreement. Supreme Court denied plaintiffs motion and granted defendant’s cross motion. We affirm.

Contrary to the parties’ contentions with respect to the burden of proof to be applied when a party seeks to reduce the amount of maintenance set forth in a separation agreement that has been incorporated but not merged into a judgment of divorce, that party has the burden of establishing “extreme hardship” (Domestic Relations Law § 236 [B] [9] [b] [1]; see Marrano v Marrano, 23 AD3d 1104, 1105 [2005]; Mishrick v Mishrick, 251 AD2d 558, 558 [1998]). Under the particular circumstances presented here, and giving due deference to the court’s credibility determinations (see generally Quarty v Quarty, 96 AD3d 1274, 1277 [2012]), we perceive no error in the court’s denial of plaintiffs motion to modify his obligations under the separation agreement (see Barden v Barden, 245 AD2d 695, 696 [1997]; cf. Marrano, 23 AD3d at 1105; Malaga v Malaga, 17 AD3d 642, 643 [2005]).

[*1320] We further conclude that plaintiff “knowingly, consciously and voluntarily disregarded the obligation under a lawful court order” (Domestic Relations Law § 244), and that the court therefore did not err in finding that plaintiffs failure to make the required payments to defendant from October 2011 to September 2013 was willful (see Rainey v Rainey, 83 AD3d 1477, 1480 [2011]). Present — Scudder, P.J., Fahey, Peradotto, Carni and Whalen, JJ.