Hillel Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110 (9th Cir. 1994). · Go Syfert
Hillel Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110 (9th Cir. 1994). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
40 citation events (5 in the last 25 years) across 7 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: United States v. Washington (ca9, 2009-07-13)
Treatment trajectory · 1995 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
1995 2010 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 23 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Washington
9th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
Aug. 23, 1993) (emphasis added). [17] Decision I, 384 F.Supp. at 400 ¶ 7. [18] Id. at 419 ¶ 25. [19] Decision II, 459 F.Supp. at 1048 . [20] Decision III, 626 F.Supp. at 1470 -71 ¶ 4 ("This Court's ruling that the question of intertribal allocation is a matter for the tribes rather than the state to resolve prohibits the state from interfering with intertribal allocation but in no way limits this Court's jurisdiction over this or any other matter ....") (citations omitted and emphasis added). [21] United States v. Skokomish Indian Tribe, 764 F.2d 670, 671, 674 (9th Cir.1985) (affirming Skok…
cited Cited as authority (rule) Skokomish Indian Tribe v. Port Gamble S'kallam Tribe
9th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1112 (9th Cir. 1994). 30 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Bernal v. Immigration & Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 2001 · confidence medium
Ordinarily “[fjailure to raise an issue in an appeal to the BIA constitutes a failure to exhaust remedies with respect to that question and deprives this court of jurisdiction to hear the matter,” Rashtabadi v. INS, 23 F.3d 1562, 1567 (9th Cir. 1994) (internal quotation and citation omitted); however, we may consider issues which a party has failed to exhaust if “the issue presented is purely one of law and the opposing party will suffer no prejudice,” Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corporation, 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994) (citation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Miguel Cruz-Navarro, Graciela Egoavil-Valenzuela, and Sergio Brian Cruz-Egoavil v. Immigration and Naturalization Service
9th Cir. · 2000 · confidence medium
Moreover, in Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994), we considered a defense based upon a regulation where, even if the defendant had not raised it below, the law in the area was clear and the issue was briefed by both parties.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Recording Industry Ass'n of America v. Diamond Multimedia Systems Inc.
9th Cir. · 1999 · confidence medium
We can, of course, affirm on any grounds supported by the record, see Gemtel Corp. v. Community Redevelopment Agency of City of Los Angeles, 23 F.3d 1542, 1546 (9th Cir.1994), thus, we can affirm even if the lower court relied on incorrect grounds or faulty reasoning, see Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994). .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pacord, Inc. v. United States of America a & E Industries, Inc. (2×)
9th Cir. · 1998 · confidence medium
Corp. v. Merrill, 332 U.S. 380, 384-386 , 68 S.Ct. 1, 3-4 , 92 L.Ed. 10 (1947) (an agent selling government crop insurance had no authority to insure certain crops which were specifically excluded by regulation); Edwards v. United States, 22 Cl.Ct. 411, 421 (1991) (not only was there a failure to establish an implied-in-fact contract, the Postal Service agent had no authority to enter into the agreement); Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1112-1113 (9th Cir.1994) (bank CEO who agreed to a generous retirement package for a new vice president lacked authority because banking regul…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ernest M. Fleisher v. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, in Its Capacity as Receiver for Franklin Savings Association (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
10th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
See Romines v. Great-West Life Assurance Co., 73 F.3d 1457, 1461 (8th Cir.1996) (“[A]ll employment contracts entered by savings and loans ... automatically terminate in the event the institution was found unsafe.”); Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110, 1113 (9th Cir.1994) (denying a claim for pension benefits on the grounds that the governing employment agreement had terminated by operation of § 563.39(b)); Modzelewski v. RTC, 14 F.3d 1374, 1378-79 (9th Cir.1994).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Util. L. Rep. P 14,142, 97 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 2503, 97 Daily Journal D.A.R. 4457 Columbia Steel Casting Co., Inc., an Oregon Corporation v. Portland General Electric Company, an Oregon Corporation, Columbia Steel Casting Co., Inc., an Oregon Corporation v. Portland General Electric Company, an Oregon Corporation Public Utility Commission of the State of Oregon
9th Cir. · 1997 · confidence medium
Because the foreseeability issue raised by PGE and the OPUC is a pure issue of law, and because consideration of it will not prejudice Columbia Steel, see Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994), we exercise our discretion to consider it. 71 In our original opinion, we agreed with PGE.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Columbia Steel Casting Co., Inc., an Oregon Corporation v. Portland General Electric Company, an Oregon Corporation, Columbia Steel Casting Co., Inc., an Oregon Corporation v. Portland General Electric Company, an Oregon Corporation Public Utility Commission of the State of Oregon
9th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
Because the foreseeability issue raised by PGE and the OPUC is a pure issue of law, and because consideration of it will not prejudice Columbia Steel, see Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994), we exercise our discretion to consider it.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Columbia Steel Casting Co. v. Portland General Electric Co.
9th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
Because the foreseeability issue raised by PGE and the OPUC is a pure issue of law, and because consideration of it will not prejudice Columbia Steel, see Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994), we exercise our discretion to consider it.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Columbia Steel Casting Co. v. Portland General Electric Co.
9th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
Because the foreseeability issue raised by PGE and the OPUC is a pure issue of law, and because consideration of it will not prejudice Columbia Steel, see Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994), we exercise our discretion to consider it.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Fleischer v. FDIC (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
10th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
See Romines v. Great-West Life Assurance Co., 73 F.3d 1457, 1461 (8th Cir. 1996) (“[A]ll employment contracts entered by savings and loans . . . automatically terminate in the event the institution was found unsafe.”); Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110, 1113 (9th Cir. 1994) (denying a claim for pension benefits on the grounds that the governing employment agreement had terminated by operation of § 563.39(b)); Modzelewski v. RTC, 14 F.3d 1374, 1378-79 (9th Cir. 1994).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Ernest M. Fleischer v. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, in Its Capacity as Receiver for Franklin Savings Association (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
10th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
See Romines v. Great-West Life Assurance Co., 73 F.3d 1457, 1461 (8th Cir.1996) ("[A]ll employment contracts entered by savings and loans ... automatically terminate in the event the institution was found unsafe."); Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110, 1113 (9th Cir.1994) (denying a claim for pension benefits on the grounds that the governing employment agreement had terminated by operation of § 563.39(b)); Modzelewski v. RTC, 14 F.3d 1374, 1378-79 (9th Cir.1994).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Pena v. Downey Savings & Loan, Ass'n (2×)
C.D. Cal. · 1996 · confidence medium
Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1112-13 (9th Cir.1994) (holding that 12 C.F.R. § 563.39 (a) rendered plaintiffs oral employment agreement unenforceable).
cited Cited as authority (rule) W. Michael Kimes J. Colette Boykin v. Peter G. Stone, Judge, Superior Court Robert L. Mezzetti, II Henry Mariani Robert MacHado
9th Cir. · 1996 · confidence medium
Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1114 (9th Cir.1994); Bolker v. Commissioner, 760 F.2d 1039, 1042 (9th Cir.1985).
cited Cited "see" Steven K. Dunlap v. G &L Holding Group
11th Cir. · 2004 · signal: see · confidence high
See Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1112-13 (9th Cir.1994) (examining § 563.39 requirements as related to ordinary preemption defense).
discussed Cited "see" Sierra Club Inc. v. Commissioner Internal Revenue Service
9th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1113 (9th Cir.1994) (court would consider a legal basis for dismissal not raised by the defendant below, where issue was one of law, plaintiff had raised the issue below, and both parties had briefed the issue on appeal).
discussed Cited "see" Maher v. Harris Trust and Savings Bank
7th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110, 1113 (9th Cir.1994) (holding that an agreement that did not comply with Section 563.39(a) was unenforceable); Fleischer v. RTC, 882 F.Supp. 1010, 1014 (D.Kan.1995) (same); Bass, 576 F.Supp. at 853 (same).
discussed Cited "see" Maher v. Harris Trust & Savings Bank
7th Cir. · 1996 · signal: see · confidence high
See Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110, 1113 (9th Cir.1994) (holding that an agreement that did not comply with Section 563.39(a) was unenforceable); Fleischer v. RTC, 882 F.Supp. 1010, 1014 (D.Kan.1995) (same); Bass, 576 F.Supp. at 853 (same).
discussed Cited "see" Romines v. Great-West Life Assurance Company (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
8th Cir. · 1996 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord, Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110 (9th Cir.1994) (right to pension benefit not vested if employment contract terminated by operation of law before employee reached retirement age); Modzelewski v. RTC, 14 F.3d 1374 (9th Cir.1994) (same); Crocker v. RTC, 839 F.Supp. 1291 (N.D.Ill.1993) (right of former thrift chairman to consulting fee not vested if employment contract terminated by operation of law prior to termination without cause). 50 Romines' argument that Modzelewski and Aronson support his contention that his right to payment under the Consulting Agreement had vested prior to its termi…
discussed Cited "see" Romines v. Great-West Life Assurance Co. (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
8th Cir. · 1996 · signal: accord · confidence high
Accord, Aronson v. RTC, 38 F.3d 1110 (9th Cir.1994) (right to pension benefit not vested if employment contract terminated by operation of law before employee reached retirement age); Modzelewski v. RTC, 14 F.3d 1374 (9th Cir.1994) (same); Crocker v. RTC, 839 F.Supp. 1291 (N.D.Ill.1993) (right of former thrift chairman to consulting fee not vested if employment contract terminated by operation of law prior to termination without cause).
cited Cited "see" Fleischer v. Resolution Trust Corp.
D. Kan. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Aronson, 38 F.3d at 1112-13 .
discussed Cited "see" Fleischer v. Resolution Trust Corp.
D. Kan. · 1995 · signal: see · confidence high
See Aronson v. Resolution Trust Corp., 38 F.3d 1110, 1112-13 (9th Cir.1994) (holding senior vice president's oral employment agreement with a savings association unenforceable because § 563.39(a) requires employment contracts be written and approved by the association’s board of director's; plaintiff's agreement was neither). .
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
Hillel ARONSON, Plaintiff-Appellant,
v.
RESOLUTION TRUST CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellee
Martin E. Jacobs, Los Angeles, CA, for plaintiff-appellant., Craig M. Fields, Fields & Jaffe, Los Ange-les, CA, for defendant-appellee.
Nelson, Noonan, King.
Cited by 25 opinions  |  Published
[*1112] D.W. NELSON, Circuit Judge:

This is an appeal brought by Plaintiff-Appellant Hillel Aronson (“Aronson”) to recover $1.5 million in pension benefits he alleges are owed him by the Resolution Trust Corporation (“RTC”), as receiver for Columbia Savings and Loan Association (“Columbia”), a federally insured savings association. After the RTC denied Aronson’s claim for payment of the alleged benefits, he brought the present action in federal court. We have jurisdiction pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1291, and we affirm.

FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND

Aronson was hired by Columbia as Senior Vice President — Tax and Financial Planning, on May 24, 1985. Aronson contends that he entered into an oral agreement with Thomas Spiegel, chief executive officer of Columbia, whereby Columbia agreed to pay Aronson a salary of $175,000 per year and retirement benefits of $100,000 per year for a period of 15 years, the latter to commence when Aron-son reached the age of 65. Aronson further claims that his rights vested subject to a condition subsequent at the time the agreement was made. The agreement between Aronson and Columbia was never reduced to writing, although Aronson claims he made unavailing attempts to accomplish this end.

Aronson began working for Columbia on July 1,1985 and remained there until he was discharged on June 1, 1989. On March 22, 1991 Columbia became insolvent and went into receivership. The RTC was subsequently appointed receiver for Columbia. After the RTC took over Columbia, Aronson filed a claim with the RTC to recover the $1.5 million he claims was owed him by Columbia pursuant to their oral agreement. When Aronson filed his claim with the RTC he was not yet 65 years old. Neither'the RTC as receiver of Columbia, nor Columbia has paid Aronson these monies.

Aronson’s original complaint was dismissed by the district court pursuant to Fed. R.Civ.P. 12(b)(6). The district court based its decision upon the common law doctrine which has evolved from D’Oench, Duhme & Co. v. F.D.I.C., 315 U.S. 447, 62 S.Ct. 676, 86 L.Ed. 956 (1942) partially codified at 12 U.S.C. § 1823(e), and on the failure of the oral employment contract to comply with the statute of frauds. Aronson timely appeals.

STANDARD OF REVIEW

We review the district court’s dismissal of the complaint de novo, and may affirm the decision of the district court “on any ground finding support in the record.” Oscar v. University Students Co-op. Ass’n, 965 F.2d 783, 785 (9th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S. —, 113 S.Ct. 655, 121 L.Ed.2d 581 (1992).

DISCUSSION

12 C.F.R. § 563.39 (1994) (“Employment contracts”) promulgates certain requirements for federally insured savings associations to enter into contracts with its officers. Section 563.39(a) provides in relevant part: that “[a]ll employment contracts shall be in writing and shall be approved specifically by an association’s board of directors.” Id. Although no federal court has yet relied on these requirements to declare an employment contract unenforceable, the clear and unequivocal language of 12 C.F.R. § 563.39(a) is dispositive in the instant case. Cf. Piekarski v. Home Owners Sav. Bank, F.S.B., 956 F.2d 1484 (8th Cir.1992) (holding that appellant’s failure to raise a preemption argument based on § 563.39(a) until post-trial motions constitutes waiver of the defense), ce rt. denied, — U.S.—, 113 S.Ct. 206, 121 L.Ed.2d 147 (1992); Federal Sav. and Loan Ins. Corp. v. Bass, 576 F.Supp. 848 (1983) (holding that employment agreements providing for payment of officers’ bonuses whether the association prospered or failed, constituted an “unsafe or unsound practice” within the meaning of § 563.39(a)). Aron-[*1113] son’s oral contract with Columbia was neither in writing nor approved by Columbia’s board of directors, and thus did not meet the requirements of § 563.39(a). Pursuant to the express language of 12 C.F.R. § 563.39(a), Aronson’s oral agreement is not enforceable.

Moreover, even if Aronson could circumvent the requirements of § 563.39(a), his claim would be barred by § 563.39(b). Section 563.39(b) provides in pertinent part: “If the savings association is in default ... all obligations under the contract shall terminate as of the date of default, but this paragraph shall not affect any vested rights of the contracting parties ...” Id. at § 563.39(b)(4); see also Modzelewski v. RTC, 14 F.3d 1374, 1377 (9th Cir.1994). Although Aronson contends that the pension benefits allegedly promised in the oral agreement vested at the time he commenced employment, (he submitted a copy of a recent letter from his former superior at Columbia confirming their understanding that the pension benefits vested immediately), this court recently has made clear that, for purposes of 12 C.F.R. § 563.39(b), “a right is vested when the employee holding the right is entitled to claim immediate payment” Modzelewski, 14 F.3d at 1378 (emphasis added). Modzelewski involved the claims of Ernest Modzelewski and Gene Rice, two former officers of MeraBank Savings and Loan (“MeraBank”) who brought suit against the RTC, as receiver for MeraBank, to recover funds they alleged were owed pursuant to their salary continuation agreements. Rice claimed he was entitled to compensatory damages stemming from the RTC’s repudiation of his salary continuation agreement with MeraBank, and we agreed. Our holding was based on the fact that Rice was already entitled to immediate payment under his salary continuation agreement prior to the time the RTC took over MeraBank. Rice’s agreement entitled him to receive payment if he retired or died after the age of 57. When the RTC took over MeraBank, Rice was 59 years old. Once Rice reached the age of 57 his retirement became unconditional. There were no other conditions precedent which Rice had to fulfill in order to receive payments under the salary continuation agreement. As the Mod-zelewski court noted, Rice “could have claimed his full benefits by taking retirement [or] had he died, his estate would have been entitled to the payments.” Modzelewski, 14 F.3d at 1377.

The circumstances of Ernest Modzelewski were considerably different. Although, the terms of Ernest Modzelewski’s salary continuation agreement were akin to the terms of Rice’s agreement for the most part, Modze-lewski’s agreement entitled him to payment of benefits when he reached the age of 65, and Modzelewski was only 53 years old when the RTC took over MeraBank. Because Modzelewski had not reached the stipulated retirement age at the time the RTC took over MeraBank, he was not entitled to “immediate payment” of his benefits at that time. On this basis, we held that Modzelew-ski’s rights had not vested before the RTC took over MeraBank, and the RTC had properly refused payment.

Aronson’s situation is analogous to that of Ernest Modzelewski. As Aronson concedes, the alleged oral agreement promised retirement payments “commencing at age 65,” and he was not yet 65 when the RTC took control of Columbia. Regardless of his understanding or that of his supervisor at Columbia when the alleged agreement was made, Ar-onson was not entitled to “immediate payment” at the time the RTC became receiver for Columbia. Thus, as a matter of law, his rights to such payments did not vest within the meaning of 12 C.F.R. § 563.39(b), and the RTC properly denied Aronson’s claim to recover retirement benefits.

Aronson claims that it would be “highly unjust” for this court to apply § 563.39 retroactively in this ease. He argues that 12 C.F.R. § 563.39 was not applicable to his employment agreement at the time he entered into it. Aronson’s retroactivity argument is specious. The applicable provisions of 12 C.F.R. § 563.39 were effective as of April 23, 1982, some three years before Ar-onson entered into the employment contract[*1114] with Columbia. See 47 Fed.Reg. 17472 (1982).

Aronson further urges this court to limit itself to the defenses proffered by the RTC, or, to the grounds relied on by the district court. Our authority to consider the applicability of § 563.39 is not so limited. See Oscar, 965 F.2d at 785. As indicated above, we may uphold a dismissal by the district court under Fed.R.Civ.P. 12(b)(6) on any ground supported by the record. Id. We need not reach the basis for dismissal on which the district court relied. Although it is true that the district court did not rely on § 563.39, Aronson has argued all along that his pension benefits vested at the time he commenced his employment at Columbia, and the applicability of § 563.39 was briefed by both parties on appeal. Finally, we emphasize that even if we were to determine that the RTC waived the issue by failing to rely on it in the district court, a matter which we do not decide, we would exercise our discretion to address the issue given the clear dictates of the law in this area. See United States v. Carlson, 900 F.2d 1346, 1349 (9th Cir.1990) (noting that an issue raised for the first time on appeal can be considered where “the issue presented is purely one of law and the opposing party will suffer no prejudice”).

CONCLUSION

Accordingly, even taking all allegations of material fact in Aronson’s complaint as true, we conclude that the alleged oral agreement between Columbia and Aronson was properly terminated by the RTC pursuant to its powers under 12 C.F.R. § 563.39. The decision of the district court therefore is

AFFIRMED.