UNITED STATES of Am., Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Melvin James BEE, Jr., Defendant-Appellant, 162 F.3d 1232 (9th Cir. 1998). · Go Syfert
UNITED STATES of Am., Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Melvin James BEE, Jr., Defendant-Appellant, 162 F.3d 1232 (9th Cir. 1998). Cases Citing This Book View Copy Cite
“by prohibiting bee from having contact with children and from loitering near places primarily used by children, the district court properly exercised its broad discretion in setting the terms and conditions of supervised release.”
207 citation events (202 in the last 25 years) across 21 distinct courts.
Strongest positive: United States v. Adams (ca2, 2018-09-12) · Strongest negative: United States v. Harrity (ca3, 2003-04-29)
Treatment trajectory · 2000 → 2026 · click a year to view as-of
2000 2013 2026
Top citers, strongest first. 50 distinct citers. How cited ↗
discussed Cited "but see" United States v. Harrity
3rd Cir. · 2003 · signal: but see · confidence high
But see United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232 , 1235-36 *338 (9th Cir.1998) (holding to be constitutional a condition of supervised release that required that the offender "not loiter within 100 feet of school yards, parks, playgrounds, arcades, or other places primarily used by children under the age of 18”); Wiemerslage v. Maine Township High, 29 F.3d 1149, 1152 (7th Cir.1994) (school rule that prohibited loitering near the school gates found to be constitutional, since it would provide notice to reasonable person).
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Adams
2d Cir. · 2018 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
the district court did not abuse its discretion in prohibiting bee from possessing sexually stimulating material as a condition of supervised release.
examined Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Bergendahl (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
D. Nev. · 2016 · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
by prohibiting bee from having contact with children and from loitering near places primarily used by children, the district court properly exercised its broad discretion in setting the terms and conditions of supervised release.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Deandre Watson (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
9th Cir. · 2009 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
ven very broad con- ditions are reasonable if they are intended to promote the pro- bationer's rehabilitation and to protect the public.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Watson (2×) also: Cited as authority (rule)
9th Cir. · 2009 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
ven very broad conditions are reasonable if they are intended to promote the probationer's rehabilitation and to protect the public.
discussed Cited as authority (verbatim quote) United States v. Lindblad (2×) also: Cited "see, e.g."
9th Cir. · 2007 · signal: see · quote attribution · 1 verbatim quote · confidence high
ven very broad conditions are reasonable if they are intended to promote rehabilitation and to protect the public.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. CintoDeLeon CA1/2
Cal. Ct. App. · 2025 · confidence medium
(Id. at p. 879.) Similarly, United States v. Bee (9th Cir. 1998) 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (Bee), upheld a condition of supervised release directing that the defendant “ ‘not loiter within 100 feet of school yards, parks, playgrounds, arcades, or other places primarily used by children under the age of 18.’ ”10 “ ‘[A] probation condition should not be invalidated as unconstitutionally vague “ ‘ “if any reasonable and practical construction can be given to its language.” ’ ” ’ [Citations.]” (In re Oswaldo R. (2017) 11 Cal.App.5th 409, 416-417 (Oswaldo R.).) But the People�…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Christopher De Leon Guerrero
9th Cir. · 2023 · confidence medium
United States v. Bee upheld a condition that banned the defendant while on supervised release from “loiter[ing] within 100 feet of school yards, parks, playgrounds, arcades, or other places primarily used by” children. 162 F.3d 1232, 1235-36 (9th Cir. 1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Goodwin v. United States
D. Idaho · 2022 · confidence medium
To determine whether conditions of supervised release impermissibly infringe upon a defendant’s rights, “a reviewing court must inquire whether the limitation is primarily designed to affect the rehabilitation of the probationer or insure the protection of the public.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir. 1998) (cleaned up).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Jonathan Wells
9th Cir. · 2022 · confidence medium
To determine whether conditions of supervised release impermissibly infringe upon a defendant’s rights, “a reviewing court must inquire whether the limitation[ ] [is] primarily designed to affect the rehabilitation of the probationer or insure the protection of the public.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir. 1998) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Jonathan Wells
9th Cir. · 2022 · confidence medium
To determine whether conditions of supervised release impermissibly infringe upon a defendant’s rights, “a reviewing court must inquire whether the limitation[ ] [is] primarily designed to affect the rehabilitation of the probationer or insure the protection of the public.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir. 1998) (internal quotation marks and citation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Richard Langley
9th Cir. · 2021 · confidence medium
We review the conditions of supervised release imposed by a district court for an abuse of discretion, see United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998), and “review de novo whether a supervised release condition violates the Constitution.” United States v. Ochoa, 932 F.3d 866 , 868–69 (9th Cir. 2019) (citation omitted).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kenneth Lee Doss v. State of Iowa
Iowa · 2021 · confidence medium
See United States v. Pennington, 606 F. App’x 216, 222 (5th Cir. 2015) (upholding a special release condition that the defendant, a convicted sex offender, not date anyone with minor children without advance approval); United States v. Ellis, 720 F.3d 220, 226 (Sth Cir. 2013) (per curiam) (upholding the condition of defendant’s supervised release preventing him from dating anyone who has children under the age of eighteen years old without prior approval of his probation officer because the restriction was reasonably related to the public safety goal of protecting children); United States …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) Kenneth Lee Doss v. State of Iowa
Iowa · 2021 · confidence medium
See United States v. Pennington, 606 F. App’x 216, 222 (Sth Cir. 2015) (upholding a special release condition that the defendant, a convicted sex offender, not date anyone with minor children without advance approval); United States v. Ellis, 720 F.3d 220, 226 (Sth Cir. 2013) (per curiam) (upholding the condition of defendant’s supervised release preventing him from dating anyone who has children under the age of eighteen years old without prior approval of his probation officer because the restriction was reasonably related to the public safety goal of protecting children); United States …
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Michael Peterson
9th Cir. · 2019 · confidence medium
We reject Defendant’s First Amendment challenge because the district court has “broad discretion in setting conditions of supervised release, including restrictions that infringe on fundamental rights.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998) (citing United States v. Bolinger, 940 F.2d 478, 480 (9th Cir. 1991)).2 1 The first sentence of the Computer Condition orders that Defendant: “Not use or possess any computer, computer-related devices (pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1030 (e)(1)), which can communicate data via modem, dedicated connections or cellular networks, and thei…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Troy Cardoso
9th Cir. · 2017 · confidence medium
Ditto. 4.., A supervised release condition forbidding a releasee to “possess any sexually stimulating or sexually oriented material as deemed inappropriate by [his] probation officer and/or treatment staff,” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998) (alteration in original), does not violate the First Amendment.
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Curtis Manuel
9th Cir. · 2016 · confidence medium
United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir. 1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Jesse Harrison
9th Cir. · 2016 · confidence medium
Finally, the challenged condition did not violate the First Amendment because it was “primarily designed to affect the rehabilitation of the probationer [and] insure the protection of the public.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir.1998) (internal quotations omitted).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Walter Stewart, Jr.
9th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
See United States v. Daniels, 541 F.3d 915, 928 (9th Cir.2008); United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235-36 (9th Cir.1998).
examined Cited as authority (rule) United States v. David P. Gnirke (7×)
9th Cir. · 2015 · confidence medium
Bee was convicted of sexually molesting a six-year-old girl, and, upon his release from custody, the district court imposed a condition that he “not possess any sexually stimulating or sexually oriented material as deemed inappropriate by [his] probation officer and/or treatment staff, or patronize any place where such material or entertainment is available.” Id. at 1234 (alteration in original).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. John Little Dog, III
9th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
In United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234-35 (9th Cir.1998), we upheld a special condition of release nearly identical *900 to that which Little Dog challenges, but we addressed only the prohibition on possessing sexually explicit materials, not the broader ban on patronizing any establishment where such materials are available.
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Lientz (2×)
Colo. Ct. App. · 2012 · confidence medium
Appx. 107, 112 (4th Cir.2001) (unpublished) (condition of supervised release that prohibited the defendant, who had been convicted of crime involving child pornography, from possessing any sexually explicit material was sufficiently related to goals of rehabilitating the defendant and protecting the public); United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998) (condition of supervised release that prohibited the defendant, who had been convicted of abusive sexual contact of a child, from "possess[ing] any sexually stimulating or sexually oriented material as deemed inappropriate by [his] p…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Donald Woodfield
9th Cir. · 2012 · confidence medium
Nonassociation conditions comport with the requirements of § 3583(d) where the condition “promotes [the defendant’s] rehabilitation, deters him from committing future crimes, and protects the public.” United States v. Stoterau, 524 F.3d 988, 1008 (9th Cir.2008); United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir.1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Blinkinsop (2×) also: Cited "see"
9th Cir. · 2010 · confidence medium
Because the sentencing judge has all the evidence and impressions of a defendant’s credibility, we accord wide latitude to the judge’s imposition of supervised-release conditions, United States v. Daniels, 541 F.3d 915, 924 (9th Cir.2008), cert. denied, — U.S. --, 129 S.Ct. 1600 , *1119 173 L.Ed.2d 687 (2009), “including restrictions that infringe on fundamental rights,” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Girard Leblond
9th Cir. · 2010 · confidence medium
United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235-36 (9th Cir.1998); Rearden, 349 F.3d at 620 ; Daniels, 541 F.3d at 928 .
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Phillips
9th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
Nor did it plainly err in restricting the places Phillips could live or frequent (conditions 11 and 14), See Daniels, 541 F.3d at 928 ; Rearden, 349 F.3d at 620 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235-36 (9th Cir.1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Phillips
9th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
Nor did it plainly err in restricting the places Phillips could live or frequent (conditions 11 and 14), See Daniels, 541 F.3d at 928 ; Rearden, 349 F.3d at 620 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235-36 (9th Cir.1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Rodriguez
5th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
The Ninth Circuit went the opposite direction of the Third Circuit and upheld *416 the delegation to the probation officer of the duty to assess the appropriateness of “sexually stimulating or sexually oriented material” on the basis the condition would “promote [the defendant’s] rehabilitation and to protect the public.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir.1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Perazza-Mercado (2×)
1st Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
Rather, as we have provided many times before, a supervised release condition need only be "reasonably" related to one of the four factors set forward in 18 U.S.C. § 3553 (a). 18 U.S.C. § 3583 (d)(1); United States v. Prochner, 417 F.3d 54, 63 (1st Cir.2005); United States v. York, 357 F.3d 14, 17 (1st Cir.2004) (same); see also United States v. Smith, 436 F.3d 307, 311 (1st Cir.2006) ("[T]he critical test is not whether [] an offense-specific nexus exists but, rather, `whether the challenged condition is sufficiently related to one or more [of the four] permissible goals of supervised relea…
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Esparza
9th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
Stoterau, 524 F.3d at 1010 ; Rearden, 349 F.3d at 620 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir.1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Esparza
9th Cir. · 2009 · confidence medium
Stoterau, 524 F.3d at 1010 ; Rearden, 349 F.3d at 620 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir.1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Hilliard
9th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
See United States v. Rearden, 349 F.3d 608, 620 (9th Cir.2003); United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235-36 (9th Cir. 1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. T.K.N.
9th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
“The district court has broad discretion in setting conditions of supervised release, including restrictions that infringe on fundamental rights.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Cope
9th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
Williams, 356 F.3d at 1052 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Cope
9th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
Williams, 356 F.3d at 1052 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Prado-Medina
9th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998).
examined Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Stoterau (3×) also: Cited "see"
9th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
We have previously upheld a condition which ordered a sex offender to “not have contact with children under the age of 18 unless approved by [his] probation officer.” United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir.1998) (internal quotation marks omitted) (alteration in original).
examined Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Stoterau (3×) also: Cited "see"
9th Cir. · 2008 · confidence medium
E Condition 17 states: The defendant shall not associate or have verbal, written, telephonic, or electronic communication with any person under the age of 18, except: a) in the presence of the parent or legal guardian of said minor; and b) on the condition that the defendant notify said parent or legal guardian of his conviction in the instant offense. 4636 UNITED STATES v. STOTERAU Stoterau argues that the notification prong of this condition is unnecessary, given the required presence of the parent during any and all allowed communications. [18] We have previously upheld a condition which or…
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Soltero (2×)
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
While a district court's discretion to set conditions of supervised release is broad even when those conditions affect fundamental rights, United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998), restrictions infringing upon fundamental rights are "reviewed carefully," United States v. Terrigno, 838 F.2d 371, 374 (9th Cir.1988).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Soltero
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
He also argues that the conditions are overbroad because casual contact with others—including con- tacts protected by the First Amendment—could render him in violation of these conditions. [7] While a district court’s discretion to set conditions of supervised release is broad even when those conditions affect fundamental rights, United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998), restrictions infringing upon fundamental rights are “reviewed carefully,” United States v. Terrigno, 838 F.2d 371, 374 (9th Cir. 1988).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Cope
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
Williams, 356 F.3d at 1052 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Cope
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
Williams, 356 F.3d at 1052 ; United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Soltero (2×)
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
While a district court's discretion to set conditions of supervised release is broad even when those conditions affect fundamental rights, United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998), restrictions infringing upon fundamental rights are "reviewed carefully," United States v. Terrigno, 838 F.2d 371, 374 (9th Cir.1988).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Soltero
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
He also argues that the conditions are overbroad because casual contact with others—including con- tacts protected by the First Amendment—could render him in violation of these conditions. [7] While a district court’s discretion to set conditions of supervised release is broad even when those conditions affect fundamental rights, United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998), restrictions infringing upon fundamental rights are “reviewed carefully,” United States v. Terrigno, 838 F.2d 371, 374 (9th Cir. 1988).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) People v. Turner
Cal. Ct. App. · 2007 · confidence medium
(See U.S. v. Bee (9th Cir. 1998) 162 F.3d 1232, 1234-1235 [probation condition that defendant “ ‘not possess any sexually stimulating or sexually oriented material as deemed inappropriate by [his] probation officer and/or treatment staff, or patronize any place where such material or entertainment is available’ ” did not infringe on defendant’s First Amendment rights].) Probation condition No. 30 is not overbroad as modified.
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Bell
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
We review for abuse of discretion, United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir.1998), and we affirm.
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Daniel Voelker
3rd Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
The government points us, presumably for clarification, to United States v. Bee, where a similar condition was upheld. 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir.1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Voelker
3rd Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
However, nothing on this The government points us, presumably for clarification, to United States v. Bee, where a similar condition was upheld. 162 F.3d 1232, 1235 (9th Cir. 1998).
cited Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Brown
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
United States v. Ross, 476 F.3d 719, 720-22 (9th Cir.2007); United States v. Weber, 451 F.3d 552, 557-58 (9th Cir.2006); United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234-36 (9th Cir.1998).
discussed Cited as authority (rule) United States v. Ross
9th Cir. · 2007 · confidence medium
See, e.g., United States v. Rearden, 349 F.3d 608, 619-21 (9th Cir. 2003) (upholding restrictions on possessing or using computer with Internet access and possessing material depicting sexually explicit conduct); United States v. Bee, 162 F.3d 1232, 1234 (9th Cir. 1998) (upholding restrictions on contact with chil- dren and possession of sexually stimulating material); United States v. Bolinger, 940 F.2d 478, 480-81 (9th Cir. 1991) (upholding condition prohibiting participation in activities or membership of motorcycle clubs); Malone v. United States, 502 F.2d 554, 555-57 (9th Cir. 1974) (upho…
Retrieving the full opinion text from the archive…
99 Cal. Daily Op. Serv. 9261, 98 Daily Journal D.A.R. 12,932 United States of America
v.
Melvin James Bee, Jr.
98-10047.
Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.
Dec 22, 1998.
162 F.3d 1232
John R. Hannah, Assistant Federal Public Defender, Phoenix, Arizona, for the defendant-appellant., Linda C. Boone, Assistant United States Attorney, Phoenix, Arizona, for the plaintiff-appellee.
Pregerson, Brunetti, Aiken.
Cited by 137 opinions  |  Published
PREGERSON, Circuit Judge:

Melvin James Bee, Jr. appeals the conditions of his supervised release imposed by the district court. On January 13, 1998, the court sentenced Bee to 36 months imprisonment followed by three years of supervised release for engaging in abusive sexual contact with a child under 12 years of age in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1153, 2244(a)(1), and 2246. As conditions of his supervised release, the district court restricted Bee’s contact with children and his possession of sexually stimulating material. We affirm.

FACTS

On September 29, 1994, the victim’s parents left their residence for a short while, entrusting Bee to supervise the victim, their six-year old daughter. Bee sexually abused the child.

The victim’s parents returned to find her at a relative’s house. The victim told her parents that she had been molested. The mother took the child to the police, who went to the victim’s home and arrested Bee.

On October 8, 1997, Bee plead guilty to two counts of abusive sexual contact in violation of 18 U.S.C. §§ 1153, 2244(a)(1), and 2246. At sentencing, the district court adopted the recommendations of the probation officer and ordered that Bee be placed on supervised release for three years upon his release from prison. Bee’s supervised release was subject to the conditions that he (1) not have contact with children under the age of 18 unless approved by his probation officer; (2) not loiter within 100 feet of school yards, parks, playgrounds, arcades, or other places primarily used by children under the age of 18; and (3) not possess any sexually stimulating or sexually oriented material deemed inappropriate by his probation officer and/or treatment staff, or patronize any place where such material or entertainment is available.

DISCUSSION

This court reviews for abuse of discretion the conditions of supervised release imposed by a district court. See United States v. Johnson, 998 F.2d 696, 697 (9th Cir.1993). The district court has broad discretion in setting conditions of supervised release, including restrictions that infringe on fundamental rights. See United States v. Bolinger, 940 F.2d 478, 480 (9th Cir.1991).

I. Condition That Bee Not Possess Sexually Oriented Materials

Bee challenges the condition that he “not possess any sexually stimulating or sexually oriented material as deemed inappropriate by [his] probation officer and/or treatment staff, or patronize any place where such material or entertainment is available.” Bee claims that this condition infringes on his First Amendment rights, and that it is not reasonably related to protection of the public or his rehabilitation as required by 18 U.S.C. § 3583(d).

“[PJrobationers, like parolees and prisoners, properly are subject to limitations from which ordinary persons are free.” United States v. Consuelo-Gonzalez, 521[*1235] F.2d 259, 265 (9th Cir.1975) (en banc). Moreover, an effective probationary system requires that district courts retain broad discretion to determine what conditions of supervised release are appropriate. See id. at 262. To determine whether conditions of supervised release impermissibly infringe upon a probationer’s rights, a reviewing court must inquire “whether the limitation[ ][is] primarily designed to affect the rehabilitation of the probationer or insure the protection of the public.” Id. at 262 n. 14.

The probation officer justified recommending this condition by stating that it would “effectively address [Bee’s] sexual deviance problem.” The district court agreed that the condition “reflectfed] the seriousness of the offense conduct.” Therefore, the condition was designed to promote Bee’s rehabilitation and to protect the public. As such, the condition must be upheld.

As for the requirements of 18 U.S.C. § 3583(d), that section allows a district court to impose “any ... condition [of supervised release] it considers to be appropriate.” This discretion is limited only by § 3583(d)(l)-(3), which requires that discretionary conditions of supervised release

(1) ... reasonably relate[ ] to the factors set forth in section 3553(a)(1), (a)(2)(B), (a)(2)(C), and (a)(2)(D);
(2) involve[ ] no greater deprivation of liberty than is reasonably necessary for the purposes set forth in section 3553(a)(2)(B), (a)(2)(C), and (a)(2)(D); and
(3) [be] consistent with any pertinent policy statements issued by the Sentencing Commission pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 994(a);

The purposes referred to in subsection (d)(2) are “the need for the sentence imposed ... to afford adequate deterrence to criminal conduct; to protect the public from further crimes of the defendant; and to provide the defendant with needed educational or vocational training, medical care, or other correctional treatment in the most effective manner.” 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)(2). Conditions of supervised release must relate to these purposes, but “ ‘may be unrelated to one or more of [them], so long as they are sufficiently related to the others.’ ” United States v. Carter, 159 F.3d 397, 400 (9th Cir.1998) (quoting Johnson, 998 F.2d at 697).

The district court did not abuse its discretion in prohibiting Bee from possessing sexually stimulating material as a condition of supervised release. Bee has a long record of arrests related to alcohol abuse. He blamed his present offense conduct on his excessive consumption of alcohol. The probation officer believed and the district court agreed that this condition was necessary to address Bee’s problems with deviant sexual behavior triggered by his abuse of alcohol. Prohibiting Bee from possessing sexually stimulating material is therefore sufficiently related to the goal of “protecting] the public from further crimes of the defendant.” 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a)(2)(C).

II. Conditions That Bee Not Have Unapproved Contact with Children and That He Not Loiter in Places Primarily Used by Children

Bee claims that the district court abused its discretion in ordering him to “not have contact with children under the age of 18 unless approved by [his] probation officer” and to “not loiter within 100 feet of school yards, parks, playgrounds, arcades, or other places primarily used by children under the age of 18.” Bee claims that these broad conditions “set unworkable limits on his activities,” and involve greater deprivations of liberty than is necessary to serve their purposes in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 3583(d)(2).

By prohibiting Bee from having contact with children and from loitering near places primarily used by children, the district court properly exercised its broad discretion in setting the terms and conditions of supervised release. See Consuelo-Gonzalez, 521 F.2d at 264; Malone v. United States, 502 F.2d 554, 556 (9th Cir.1974). Despite the fact that these conditions might, in the future, operate to restrict Bee’s freedoms of association and travel, he can, as he has said, “reasonably ... be expected to err on the side of avoiding places that the probation[*1236] officer or the court might deem unacceptable.”

In a case such as this, even very broad conditions are reasonable if they are intended to promote the probationer’s rehabilitation and to protect the public. See, e.g., United States v. Romero, 676 F.2d 406, 407 (9th Cir.1982) (condition restricting defendant’s association with drug dealers reasonable for his rehabilitation and the protection of the public even though it infringed on right to freely associate and might result in revocation of probation for associating with persons whose drug activities he was not aware of); United States v. Lowe, 654 F.2d 562, 567-68 (9th Cir.1981) (condition restricting approach to submarine base reasonably related to goals of rehabilitation and protection of public even though it impinged upon associational rights of protestor); United States v. Furukawa, 596 F.2d 921, 923 (9th Cir.1979) (condition instructing probationer to associate only with law-abiding persons reasonably related to rehabilitation and protection of the public).

We conclude that, in these circumstances, the district court did not abuse its discretion in imposing the above described terms of Bee’s supervised release.

AFFIRMED.