Knighton v. Blackburn (1984)
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· 92 citation events
across 31 courts.
Showing the 18 strongest citers on record
(one row per citing case, strongest signal kept).
Treatment trajectory · 1984 → 2026 · click a year to view the case as of then
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Allie K. McCord v. City of Fort Lauderdale, Florida (1986)
But no one has suggested that race is still not a critical factor in whether one succeeds or fails in Fort Lauderdale society. "[T]he continuing effects of past discrimination are still with us." United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1571 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. ----, 105 St.Ct. 375, 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984).
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Haynes v. Shoney's, Inc. (1992)
See also United States v. Marengo County Comm’n, 731 F.2d 1546, 1554 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984) (“The first consideration, the nature of the parties, arises from the distinction ... between private disputes and ‘great national concerns’ ”).
“The first consideration, the nature of the parties, arises from the distinction ... between private disputes and ‘great national concerns’ ”
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Bush v. Vera (1996)
See United States v. Marengo County Comm'n, 731 F.2d 1546, 1556-1563 (C.A.11), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984); Jones v. Lubbock, 727 F.2d 364, 372-375 (C.A.5 1984); Shaw v. Hunt, 861 F.Supp. 408, 438 (E.D.N.C.1994), aff'd, Shaw II, at ----, 116 S.Ct., at ----; Prosser v. Elections Bd., 793 F.Supp. 859, 869 (W.D.Wis.1992); Wesley v. Collins, 605 F.Supp. 802, 808 (M.D.Tenn.1985), aff'd, 791 F.2d 1255 (C.A.6 1986); Jordan v. Winter, 604 F.Sup…
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Nipper v. Smith (1994)
Indeed, "[a]lthough no factor is indispensable, the legislative history of the amendment to section 2 indicates that racially polarized voting will ordinarily be the keystone of a dilution case." McMillan v. Escambia County, 748 F.2d 1037, 1043 (Former 5th Cir.1984); see also United States v. Marengo County Comm'n, 731 F.2d 1546, 1566 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984).
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Nipper v. Smith (1994)
Indeed, “[although no factor is indispensable, the legislative history of the amendment to section 2 indicates that racially polarized voting will ordinarily-be the keystone'of a dilution case.” McMillan v. Escambia County, 748 F.2d 1037, 1043 (Former 5th Cir.1984); see also United States v. Marengo County Comm’n, 731 F.2d 1546, 1566 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984).
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Beatrice Houston v. Pat W. Haley (1988)
See [United States v.] Marengo County [Commission], 731 F.2d [1546,] 1571 [cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984)].
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Askew v. City of Rome, GA Comm. (1997)
See, e.g., United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1572 (11th Cir.1984), cert. denied 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984) (One black official was appointed and unopposed for reelection.
One black official was appointed and unopposed for reelection. One other black candidate was elected without appointment and then reelected without opposition. 72 other black candidacies were unsuccessful
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Nipper v. Smith (1993)
See United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1571 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984); see also McMillan v. Escambia County, 748 F.2d 1037, 1045-47 (5th Cir.1984).
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Nipper v. Smith (1993)
See United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1571 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984); see also McMillan v. Escambia County, 748 F.2d 1037, 1045-47 (5th Cir.1984).
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Meek v. Metropolitan Dade County (1993)
See United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1567 (11th Cir.) (recognizing that "the surest indication of race-conscious politics is a pattern of racially polarized voting"), cert. denied, Y469 U.S. 976, 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984); see also United States v. Dallas County Commission, 850 F.2d 1430, 1439 (11th Cir.1988). cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1030 , 109 S.Ct. 1768 , 104 L.Ed.2d 203 (1989) (same). 64 Based on the evidence of racial bloc voting, the…
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Meek v. Metropolitan Dade County (1993)
See United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1567 (11th Cir.) (recognizing that “the surest indication of race-conscious politics is a pattern of racially polarized voting”), cert. de nied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984); see also United States v. Dallas County Commission, 850 F.2d 1430, 1439 (11th Cir.1988). cert. denied, 490 U.S. 1030 , 109 S.Ct. 1768 , 104 L.Ed.2d 203 (1989) (same).
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Romero v. City Of Pomona (1989)
No. 417, 97th Cong., 2d Sess. 28-29 (footnotes omitted), reprinted in 1982 U.S.Code Cong. & Admin.News 177, 206-07. 5 See Thornburg, 478 U.S. at 36-37 , 106 S.Ct. at 2758-2759 ; see also note 4 supra 6 Indeed, plaintiffs acknowledge that they followed United States v. Marengo County Comm'n, 731 F.2d 1546 (11th Cir.), appeal dismissed and cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984), which recognized that it is essential for a plaintiff to prove racially…
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In Re General Coffee Corp. (1985)
This Court has held that "[n]ew laws will be applied [to cases pending on the date of their enactment] unless manifest injustice would result, or there is a statutory directive or legislative history to the contrary." Corpus v. Estelle, 605 F.2d 175, 180 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 919 , 100 S.Ct. 1284 , 63 L.Ed.2d 605 (1980) (footnote and citations omitted); see United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1553 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, --- U.S. --…
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City National Bank v. General Coffee Corp. (1985)
This Court has held that “[n]ew laws will be applied [to cases pending on the date of their enactment] unless manifest injustice would result, or there is a statutory directive or legislative history to the contrary.” Corpus v. Estelle, 605 F.2d 175, 180 (5th Cir.1979), cert. denied, 445 U.S. 919 , 100 S.Ct. 1284 , 63 L.Ed.2d 605 (1980) (footnote and citations omitted); see United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1553 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, — U.S.-, 10…
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Solomon v. Liberty County, Fla. (1997)
See United States v. Marengo County Comm'n, 731 F.2d 1546, 1567 (11th Cir.), cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984).
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Montgomery County v. Waters Landing Ltd. Partnership (1994)
See also Home Builders v. Board of Palm Beach County Comm’rs, 446 So.2d 140 (Fla.App. 4th Dist.1983), cert. denied, 451 So.2d 848 (Fla.1984), appeal dismissed, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 376 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984) (holding that the impact fee there imposed did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment using the rational basis test we discuss here).
holding that the impact fee there imposed did not violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment using the rational basis test we discuss here
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St. Johns County v. NE Fla. Builders Ass'n, Inc. (1991)
See Home Builders & Contractors Ass'n v. Board of County Comm'rs, 446 So.2d 140 (Fla. 4th DCA 1983) (road impact fees upheld), review denied, 451 So.2d 848 (Fla.), appeal dismissed, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 376 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984); Hollywood, Inc. v. Broward County, 431 So.2d at 606 (park impact fees upheld).
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Lucas v. Townsend (1989)
See United States v. Marengo County Commission, 731 F.2d 1546, 1555 (11th Cir.1984), appeal dismissed, cert. denied, 469 U.S. 976 , 105 S.Ct. 375 , 83 L.Ed.2d 311 (1984). 9 .