assertion of plain error in Missouri

1993“The assertion of plain error places a much greater burden on a defendant than when he asserts prejudicial error.” State v. Hunn, 821 S.W.2d 866, 869 (Mo.App.1991).

1993“The assertion of plain error places a much greater burden on a defendant than when he asserts prejudicial error.” State v. Hunn, 821 S.W.2d 866, 869 (Mo.App.1991).

2006We rarely grant relief on the assertion of plain error regarding closing arguments because “in the absence of objection and request for relief the trial court’s options are narrowed to uninvited interference with [the closing argument] and a corresponding increase of error by such intervention.” Deck, 994 S.W.2d at 544 quoting State v. Silvey, 894 S.W.2d 662, 670 (Mo.banc 1995).

1998The Supreme Court has instructed that relief should be granted on an assertion of plain error as to matters contained in closing argument only under extraordinary circumstances, State v. Silvey, 894 S.W.2d 662, 670 (Mo. banc 1995), and we do not discern extraordinary circumstances.

1998State v. Bradshaw, 845 S.W.2d 143, 144 (Mo.App.1993).

1998State v. Bradshaw, 845 S.W.2d 143, 144 (Mo.App.1993).

2007Second, as this Court observed in State v. Deckard, 18 S.W.3d 495 (Mo.App.2000): We initially observe that an assertion of plain error under Rule 30.20 places a much greater burden on a defendant than an assertion of prejudicial error.

2005Nonetheless, he now requests this Court to review his points for plain error. "`An assertion of plain error under Rule 30.20 places a much greater burden on a defendant than an assertion of prejudicial error.'" State v. Reynolds, 72 S.W.3d 301, 305 (Mo.App.2002) (quoting *604 State v. Deckard, 18 S.W.3d 495, 497 (Mo.App. 2000)).

1994However, “the assertion of plain error relating to matters included in closing argument rarely leads to relief being granted.” State v. Hatcher, 835 S.W.2d 340, 343 (Mo.App.1992) (citing State v. Wood, 719 S.W.2d 756, 759 (Mo. banc 1986).

1992State v. Wood, 719 S.W.2d 756, 759 (Mo. banc 1986).

2005Nonetheless, he now requests this Court to review his points for plain error. “ ‘An assertion of plain error under Rule 30.20 places a much greater burden on a defendant than an assertion of prejudicial error.’ ” State v. Reynolds, 72 S.W.3d 301, 305 (Mo.App.2002) (quoting State v. Deckard, 18 S.W.3d 495, 497 (Mo. App.2000)).

2005Nonetheless, he now requests this Court to review his points for plain error. "`An assertion of plain error under Rule 30.20 places a much greater burden on a defendant than an assertion of prejudicial error.'" State v. Reynolds, 72 S.W.3d 301, 305 (Mo.App.2002) (quoting *604 State v. Deckard, 18 S.W.3d 495, 497 (Mo.App. 2000)).

2016"A court should rarely grant relief on an assertion of plain error as to matters contained within closing argument." State v. Cornelious, 258 S.W.3d 461, 467 (Mo. App. W.D. 2008).

2016“A court should rarely grant relief on an assertion of plain error as to matters contained within closing argument.” State v. Cornelious, 258 S.W.3d 461, 467 (Mo. App. W.D. 2008).

2000State v. Cobb, 875 S.W.2d 533, 537 (Mo. banc 1994); State v. Boyd, 844 S.W.2d 524, 529 (Mo.App.

2000State v. Cobb, 875 S.W.2d 533, 537 (Mo.banc 1994), cert, denied, 513 U.S. 896 , 115 S.Ct. 250 , 130 L.Ed.2d 172 (1994); State v. Boyd, 844 S.W.2d 524, 529 (Mo.App.

2000“An assertion of plain error places a much greater burden on a defendant than an assertion of prejudicial error.” State v. Williams, 945 S.W.2d 575, 580 [9] (Mo.App.1997).

1998“An assertion of plain error places a much greater burden on a defendant than an assertion of prejudicial error.” State v. Williams, 945 S.W.2d 575, 580 (Mo.App. 1997).

2000State v. Cobb, 875 S.W.2d 533, 537 (Mo. banc 1994); State v. Boyd, 844 S.W.2d 524, 529 (Mo.App.

2000State v. Cobb, 875 S.W.2d 533, 537 (Mo.banc 1994), cert, denied, 513 U.S. 896 , 115 S.Ct. 250 , 130 L.Ed.2d 172 (1994); State v. Boyd, 844 S.W.2d 524, 529 (Mo.App.

2000State v. Storey, 901 S.W.2d 886, 897 (Mo. banc 1995).

1997State v. Storey, 901 S.W.2d 886, 897 (Mo. banc 1995).

1999State v. Clements, 849 S.W.2d 640, 644 (Mo.App.

1995State v. Clements, 849 S.W.2d 640, 644 (Mo.App.S.D.1993).

1998State v. Kempker, 824 S.W.2d 909, 911 (Mo. banc 1992).

1994State v. Kempker, 824 S.W.2d 909, 911 [4] (Mo. banc 1992).

2012“The assertion of plain error places a much greater burden on a defendant than when he asserts prejudicial error.” State v. Louis, 103 S.W.3d 861, 864 (Mo.App.

2009Id.

2006We rarely grant relief on the assertion of plain error regarding closing arguments because “in the absence of objection and request for relief the trial court’s options are narrowed to uninvited interference with [the closing argument] and a corresponding increase of error by such intervention.” Deck, 994 S.W.2d at 544 quoting State v. Silvey, 894 S.W.2d 662, 670 (Mo.banc 1995).

2000State v. Deck, 994 S.W.2d 527, 544 (Mo. banc 1999).

2004As this court recently explained, “ ‘[cjourts should rarely grant relief on an assertion of plain error as to closing arguments, for in the absence of an objection and request for relief, the trial court’s options are limited to an uninvited interference with summation, which increases the risk of error.’ ” Id. (quoting State v. Baller, 949 S.W.2d 269, 272 (Mo.App.

2001Moreover, it has been held that “[c]ourts should rarely grant relief on an assertion of plain error as to closing arguments, for in the absence of an objection and request for relief, the trial court’s options are limited to an uninvited interference with summation, which increases the risk of error.” Baller, 949 S.W.2d at 272 .

2008State v. Wallace, 952 S.W.2d 395, 396 (Mo.App. 1997).

2005State v. Long, 972 S.W.2d 559, 562 (Mo.App.1998).

2004“A conviction will be reversed based on plain error in closing argument only when it is established that the argument had a decisive effect on the outcome of the trial and amounts to manifest injustice.” State v. Edwards, 116 S.W.3d 511, 536-37 (Mo. banc 2003); see Brown, 953 S.W.2d at 141 . “ ‘An assertion of plain error under Rule 30.20 places a much greater burden on a[n] [Appellant] than an assertion of prejudicial error.’ ” State v. Reynolds, 72 S.W.3d 301, 305 (Mo.App.2002) (quoting State v. Deckard, 18 S.W.3d 495, 497 (Mo.App.2000)).

2004Plain error “is error that is evident, obvious and clear.” State v. White, 92 S.W.3d 183, 189 (Mo.App.2002).

2004“A conviction will be reversed based on plain error in closing argument only when it is established that the argument had a decisive effect on the outcome of the trial and amounts to manifest injustice.” State v. Edwards, 116 S.W.3d 511, 536-37 (Mo. banc 2003); see Brown, 953 S.W.2d at 141 . “ ‘An assertion of plain error under Rule 30.20 places a much greater burden on a[n] [Appellant] than an assertion of prejudicial error.’ ” State v. Reynolds, 72 S.W.3d 301, 305 (Mo.App.2002) (quoting State v. Deckard, 18 S.W.3d 495, 497 (Mo.App.2000)).

2004In support of his argument, Defendant cites three cases, State v. Weiss, 24 S.W.3d 198, 202-03 (Mo.App.

2004As the State has pointed out, “[r]elief should rarely be granted on an assertion of plain error with respect to a closing argument.” State v. Smith, 32 S.W.3d 532, 551 (Mo. banc 2000).

2002State v. Clemmons, 753 S.W.2d 901, 907 (Mo.banc), cert. denied 488 U.S. 948 , 109 S.Ct. 380 , 102 L.Ed.2d 369 (1988).

2000We initially observe that an assertion of plain error under Rule 30.20 places a much greater burden on a defendant than an assertion of prejudicial error. 3 See State v. Mitchell, 975 S.W.2d 191, 199 (Mo.App.1998).