lesser included offenses doctrine in Pennsylvania

8 Pennsylvania opinions name it 3 courts 1975–2018 0 in the last five years

The cases below were cited by Pennsylvania courts in a sentence that names this issue. Sides come from how each citing opinion treated the case (Syfertize flag on that citation), so a case can appear on both: that is where the law is contested. A red or yellow chip is the case's own overall treatment.

Followed or applied (9)

Case	Followed	Cited
Commonwealth v. Simsgreen pa · 2007 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2014–2014 2 sentences 2014Sims, 591 Pa. at 521-24 , 919 A.2d at 940-42 (citations and footnote omitted). 2014Sims, 591 Pa. at 521-24 , 919 A.2d at 940-42 (citations and footnote omitted).	1	1
Commonwealth v. Cartergreen pa · 1978 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007 1 sentence 2007We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses.”); see also Commonwealth v. Musselman, 483 Pa. 245 , 396 A.2d 625 , 626 n. 1 (1979) (plurality) (citing Garcia’s reliance on Section 1.07(4) in determining that aggravated assault and recklessly endangering another person are lesser-included offenses of murder); Carter, 393 A.2d at 664-65 (Pomeroy, J., dissenting) (noting that between the Garcia and Polimeni opinions, five Justices were “prepared to be guided by Section 1.07(4) of the Model *521 Penal Code”).	1	1
Commonwealth v. Musselmangreen pa · 1979 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 2007–2007 2 sentences 2007We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses.”); see also Commonwealth v. Musselman, 483 Pa. 245 , 396 A.2d 625 , 626 n. 1 (1979) (plurality) (citing Garcia’s reliance on Section 1.07(4) in determining that aggravated assault and recklessly endangering another person are lesser-included offenses of murder); Carter, 393 A.2d at 664-65 (Pomeroy, J., dissenting) (noting that between the Garcia and Polimeni opinions, five Justices were “prepared to be guided by Section 1.07(4) of the Model 521 Penal Code”). 2007We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses.”); see also Commonwealth v. Musselman, 483 Pa. 245 , 396 A.2d 625 , 626 n. 1 (1979) (plurality) (citing Garcia’s reliance on Section 1.07(4) in determining that aggravated assault and recklessly endangering another person are lesser-included offenses of murder); Carter, 393 A.2d at 664-65 (Pomeroy, J., dissenting) (noting that between the Garcia and Polimeni opinions, five Justices were “prepared to be guided by Section 1.07(4) of the Model 521 Penal Code”).	1	1
Commonwealth v. Williamsgreen pa · 1985 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1988–1988 2 sentences 1988In the Commonwealth, such doctrine can be traced at least as far back as Harman v. Commonwealth, 12 Serg. & Rawle 69 (1824) (cited in Commonwealth v. Williams, 344 Pa. Superior Ct. 108, 123 , 496 A.2d 31, 39 (1985) (en banc), and therein recognized as embodying the double jeopardy protection against multiple punishment as well as the doctrine of lesser included offenses). 1988In the Commonwealth, such doctrine can be traced at least as far back as Harman v. Commonwealth, 12 Serg. & Rawle 69 (1824) (cited in Commonwealth v. Williams, 344 Pa. Superior Ct. 108, 123 , 496 A.2d 31, 39 (1985) (en banc), and therein recognized as embodying the double jeopardy protection against multiple punishment as well as the doctrine of lesser included offenses).	1	1
Commonwealth v. Thomasgreen pa · 1978 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1978–1978 1 sentence 1978See generally the opinions in Commonwealth v. Thomas, 482 Pa. 292 , 393 A.2d 1122 (1978). [9] The opinion in Polimeni noted that Section 1.07(4) had not been incorporated in our Crimes Code, but did "not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses." 474 Pa. at 438 n.6, 378 A.2d at 1193 n.6.	1	1
Commonwealth v. Larkgreen pa · 1978 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1978–1978 1 sentence 1978See generally the opinions in Commonwealth v. Thomas, 482 Pa. 292 , 393 A.2d 1122 (1978). [9] The opinion in Polimeni noted that Section 1.07(4) had not been incorporated in our Crimes Code, but did "not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses." 474 Pa. at 438 n.6, 378 A.2d at 1193 n.6.	1	1
People v. Ora Jonesred mich · 1975 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977 2 sentences 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf. 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf.	1	1
McDonald v. Stategreen ind · 1976 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977 1 sentence 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf.	1	1
Commonwealth v. Jonesgreen pa · 1974 · cited in 1 Pennsylvania opinions naming this issue, 1977–1977 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1

Distinguished, questioned or overruled (0)

Case	Negative	Cited
No negative-treatment citations attached to this issue in Pennsylvania. Read the followed side critically anyway.

Also cited on this issue (20)

Case	Cited	Years
Commonwealth v. Larkins green pasuperct · 2003 1 sentence 2018Id. at 1205-1206 .	1	2018–2018
Harman v. Commonwealth green pa · 1824 1 sentence 1988In the Commonwealth, such doctrine can be traced at least as far back as Harman v. Commonwealth, 12 Serg. & Rawle 69 (1824) (cited in Commonwealth v. Williams, 344 Pa. Superior Ct. 108, 123 , 496 A.2d 31, 39 (1985) (en banc), and therein recognized as embodying the double jeopardy protection against multiple punishment as well as the doctrine of lesser included offenses).	1	1988–1988
Commonwealth v. Olsen green pasuperct · 1977 2 sentences 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976). 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976).	1	1985–1985
Commonwealth v. Simpson green pa · 1983 2 sentences 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976). 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976).	1	1985–1985
Commonwealth v. Ackerman green pasuperct · 1976 2 sentences 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976). 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976).	1	1985–1985
Commonwealth v. Williams green pasuperct · 1982 2 sentences 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976). 1985Commonwealth v. Simpson, 316 Pa.Super. 115 , 462 A.2d 821 (1983); Commonwealth v. Williams, 299 Pa.Super. 278 , 445 A.2d 753 (1982); Commonwealth v. Olsen, 247 Pa.Super. 513 , 520 n. 4, 372 A.2d 1207 , 1211 n. 4 (1977); Commonwealth v. Ackerman, 239 Pa.Super. 187 , 191 n. 4, 361 A.2d 746 , 748 n. 4 (1976).	1	1985–1985
Commonwealth v. Bailey green pa · 1973 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Curcio green pa · 1907 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Kenney green pa · 1972 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1977–1977
People v. Moreno green calctapp · 1973 1 sentence 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf.	1	1977–1977
People v. Heffington green calctapp · 1973 1 sentence 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf.	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Stock green pa · 1975 2 sentences 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf. 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf.	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Hoffman green pa · 1970 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Moore green pa · 1975 2 sentences 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf. 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf.	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Banks green pa · 1971 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Matthews green pa · 1971 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1977–1977
Commonwealth v. Flax green pa · 1938 2 sentences 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A 1977We do not, however, consider this a mark of disapprobation of the Model Code formulation of the doctrine of lesser-included offenses. [7] See, e.g., Commonwealth v. Jones, 457 Pa. 563 , 319 A.2d 142 (1974); Commonwealth v. Bailey, 450 Pa. 201 , 299 A.2d 298 (1973); Commonwealth v. Kenney, 449 Pa. 562 , 297 A.2d 794 (1972); Commonwealth v. Banks, 447 Pa. 356 , 285 A.2d 506 (1971); Commonwealth v. Matthews, 446 Pa. 65 , 285 A.2d 510 (1971); Commonwealth v. Hoffman, 439 Pa. 348 , 266 A.2d 726 (1970); Commonwealth v. Flax, 331 Pa. 145 , 200 A. 632 (1938); Commonwealth v. Curcio, 216 Pa. 380 , 65 A	1	1977–1977
Hewitt v. Commonwealth green va · 1973 2 sentences 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf. 1977See note 4, supra. [8] See, e.g., McDonald v. State, Ind., 346 N.E.2d 569 (1976); People v. Heffington, 32 Cal.App.3d 1 , 107 Cal.Rptr. 859 (1973); Hewitt v. Commonwealth, 213 Va. 605 , 194 S.E.2d 893 (1973); see also People v. Jones, 395 Mich. 379 , 236 N.W.2d 461 (1975); Homicide, 40 Am.Jur.2d § 543 n.18 at 802; Anno., 102 A.L.R. 1019 (1936); Anno., 27 A.L.R. 1097 (1923); Anno., 21 A.L.R. 603 (1922). [9] Act No. 334 of 1972, enacted December 6, 1972, and effective six months thereafter, as amended by the Act of March 26, 1974, P.L. 213, No. 46 § 4, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502 (Supp. 1977-78). [10] Cf.	1	1977–1977
Berra v. United States green scotus · 1956 2 sentences 1975A lesser-included offense instruction is only proper where the charged greater offense requires the jury to find a disputed factual element which is not required for conviction of the lesser-included offense.” (Emphasis added.) Sansone v. United States, 380 U.S. 343, 349-50 , 85 S.Ct. 1004, 1009 , 13 L.Ed.2d 882 (1965) [quoting Berra v. United States, 351 U.S. 131, 134 , 76 S.Ct. 685 , 100 L.Ed. 1013 (1956)]. 1975A lesser-included offense instruction is only proper where the charged greater offense requires the jury to find a disputed factual element which is not required for conviction of the lesser-included offense.” (Emphasis added.) Sansone v. United States, 380 U.S. 343, 349-50 , 85 S.Ct. 1004, 1009 , 13 L.Ed.2d 882 (1965) [quoting Berra v. United States, 351 U.S. 131, 134 , 76 S.Ct. 685 , 100 L.Ed. 1013 (1956)].	1	1975–1975
Sansone v. United States green scotus · 1965 2 sentences 1975A lesser-included offense instruction is only proper where the charged greater offense requires the jury to find a disputed factual element which is not required for conviction of the lesser-included offense.” (Emphasis added.) Sansone v. United States, 380 U.S. 343, 349-50 , 85 S.Ct. 1004, 1009 , 13 L.Ed.2d 882 (1965) [quoting Berra v. United States, 351 U.S. 131, 134 , 76 S.Ct. 685 , 100 L.Ed. 1013 (1956)]. 1975A lesser-included offense instruction is only proper where the charged greater offense requires the jury to find a disputed factual element which is not required for conviction of the lesser-included offense.” (Emphasis added.) Sansone v. United States, 380 U.S. 343, 349-50 , 85 S.Ct. 1004, 1009 , 13 L.Ed.2d 882 (1965) [quoting Berra v. United States, 351 U.S. 131, 134 , 76 S.Ct. 685 , 100 L.Ed. 1013 (1956)].	1	1975–1975

Statutes the citing opinions construe

PA § 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 2502 (3) PA § 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 2504 (3)

Counted by distinct opinions that both name this issue and are annotated to the section; sections every opinion cites regardless of issue are not filtered here, so read the counts against the total above.

Where else courts name it

PA 8 (1975–2018) HI 8 (1995–2025) CT 4 (1972–2004) TN 4 (2002–2022) NJ 3 (1978–1996) KS 2 (1996–2012) FL 2 (1973–2020) MA 2 (1997–1997) UT 2 (2002–2002) TX 2 (1976–2004) CA 2 (1973–2012)

Opinions by the citing court's state. A doctrine retained in one state and abandoned in another shows up here as a year span that stalls.

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