economic duress doctrine in Alabama

2001As stated before, Ms. Haston had several opportunities to short circuit the sale of the Record but she allowed the sale to proceed after being allegedly defrauded by the defendant Crowson.” The Court discussed the doctrine of economic duress in International Paper Co. v. Whilden, 469 So.2d 560 (Ala.1985).

1998The doctrine of economic duress applies only to `special, unusual, or extraordinary situations in which unjustified coercion is used to induce a contract, as where extortive measures are employed, or improper or unjustified demands are made, under such circumstances that the victim has little choice but to accede thereto.' International Paper, 469 So.2d at 563 . "`The entering into a contract with reluctance or even dissatisfaction with its terms because of economic necessity does not, of itself, constitute economic duress invalidating the contract.

1998Unless unlawful or unconscionable pressure is applied by the other party to induce the entering into a contract, there is not economic compulsion amounting to duress.' " International Paper, 469 So.2d at 563 , (quoting Chouinard v. Chouinard, 568 F.2d 430 (5th Cir.1978))." Clark v. Liberty Nat'l Life Ins.

1995Unless unlawful or unconscionable pressure is applied by the other party to induce the entering into a contract, there is not economic compulsion amounting to duress.' " International Paper , 469 So.2d at 563 (quoting Chouinard v. Chouinard , 568 F.2d 430 (5th Cir. 1978))." 592 So.2d at 567 .

1998Co. , 592 So.2d at 567 ).

1995Co. , 592 So.2d 564 , 567 (Ala. 1992): "Economic duress consists of: '(1) wrongful acts or threats; (2) financial distress caused by the wrongful acts or threats; [and] (3) the absence of any reasonable alternative to the terms presented by the wrongdoer.' International Paper Co. v. Whilden , 469 So.2d 560 , 562 (Ala. 1985).

1998Moreover, "[t]he doctrine of economic duress applies only to 'special, unusual, or extraordinary situations in which unjustified coercion is used to induce a contract, as where extorsive measures are employed, or improper or unjustified demands are made, under such circumstances that the victim has little choice but to accede thereto.' " Ponder , 612 So.2d at 1171 (quoting Clark v. Liberty Nat'l Life Ins.