8 canonical passages across 7 cases, quoted by 28 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Buczkowski v. McKay.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Buczkowski v. McKay Anchor | green | “imposition of a legal duty on a retailer on the basis of its internal policies is actually contrary to public policy. such a rule would encourage retailers to abandon all policies enacted for the protection of others in an effort to avoid future liability.” | 7 |
| 2 | Quijano v. United States | green | “in texas, a hospital's internal policies and bylaws may be evidence of the standard of care, but hospital rules alone do not determine the governing standard of care.” | 3 |
| 3 | Reed v. Granbury Hospital Corp. | green | “hospital's internal policies and procedures do not, alone, determine the standard of care . . . .” | 3 |
| 4 | Hodge v. UMC of Puerto Rico, Inc. | green | “courts in the united states have almost universally held that hospital rules, regulations, and policies alone do not establish the standard of medical care in the medical community . . . .” | 3 |
| 5 | Wuest Ex Rel. Carver v. McKennan Hosp. | green | “public policy encouraging standards higher than generally employed in the community dictates that individual hospital policies are not determinative of the standard of care.” | 3 |
| 6 | Holmes v. Merson | green | “the generally accepted view is that violation of a statutory duty constitutes negligence per se.” | 3 |
| 7 | Van Steensburg v. Lawrence & Memorial Hospitals | green | “in this regard, we point out that hospital rules, regulations and policies do not themselves establish the standard of care.” | 3 |
| 8 | Van Steensburg v. Lawrence & Memorial Hospitals | green | “the failure to follow such rules and regulations is . . . evidence of negligence.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.