7 canonical passages across 7 cases, quoted by 28 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Middendorf v. Henry.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Middendorf v. Henry Anchor | green | “we must give particular deference to the determination of con- gress, made under its authority to regulate the land and naval forces” | 4 |
| 2 | El-Shifa Pharmaceutical Industries Co. v. United States | green | “it is not the role of judges to second-guess, with the benefit of hindsight, another branch's determination that the interests of the united states call for military action.” | 4 |
| 3 | Heath Allen Wilkins v. Michael Bowersox | green | “a finding of coercion bears upon the voluntary aspect of the waiver” | 4 |
| 4 | United States v. Joseph L. Tokash, Mitchell E. Kolb, and John Derel Usher | green | “the legal sufficiency of a proffered defense is a question of law and therefore is reviewed de novo.” | 4 |
| 5 | United States v. McCrimmon | green | “an ac- cused does not have a constitutional right to plead guilty . . . . s the constitution guarantees only a right to plead not guilty . . . .” | 4 |
| 6 | United States v. Armon Thompson | green | “whether a closure is total or partial . . . depends not on how long a trial is closed, but rather who is excluded during the period of time in question.” | 4 |
| 7 | United States v. Short | green | “the sixth amendment right to a public trial is applicable to courts-martial.” | 4 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.