4 canonical passages across 2 cases, quoted by 12 opinions in total. These passages cluster together because the same opinions keep quoting them side by side — they state parts of one doctrine. The anchor passage is from Connecticut v. Crotty.
| # | Case | Flag | Canonical passage | Citers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Connecticut v. Crotty Anchor | green | “in order to determine whether may prevail, we consider many factors, but rely primarily on one factor as particularly persuasive: that the challenged conduct involved enforcement of a presumptively valid statute.” | 3 |
| 2 | Connecticut v. Crotty | green | “ntil judges say otherwise, state officers have the power to carry forward the directives of the state legislature” | 3 |
| 3 | Connecticut v. Crotty | green | “officials charged with enforcing a statute on the books ... are generally entitled to rely on the presumption that all relevant legal and constitutional issues have been considered and that the statute is valid.” | 3 |
| 4 | Vives v. The City Of New York | green | “we have held that absent contrary direction, state officials are entitled to rely on a presumptively valid state statute until and unless the statute is declared unconstitutional.” | 3 |
A red or yellow flag on a member means the underlying case has negative treatment — for those, check the case page before relying on the passage.