C.F.R. » Title 21 » CHAPTER II—DRUG ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE › PART 1308—SCHEDULES OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES

21 C.F.R. § 1308.12

Schedule II

Read at: eCFRecfr.gov CornellLII GovInfogovinfo.gov CasesGoogle Scholar

(a) Schedule II shall consist of the drugs and other substances, by whatever official name, common or usual name, chemical name, or brand name designated, listed in this section. Each drug or substance has been assigned the Controlled Substances Code Number set forth opposite it.

(b) Substances, vegetable origin or chemical synthesis. Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any of the following substances whether produced directly or indirectly by extraction from substances of vegetable origin, or independently by means of chemical synthesis, or by a combination of extraction and chemical synthesis:

(1) Opium and opiate, and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation of opium or opiate excluding apomorphine, thebaine-derived butorphanol, dextrorphan, nalbuphine, naldemedine, nalmefene, naloxegol, naloxone, 6β-naltrexol, naltrexone, and samidorphan, and their respective salts, but including the following:

(i) Codeine9050
(ii) Dihydroetorphine9334
(iii) Ethylmorphine9190
(iv) Etorphine hydrochloride9059
(v) Granulated opium9640
(vi) Hydrocodone9193
(vii) Hydromorphone9150
(viii) Metopon9260
(ix) Morphine9300
(x) Noroxymorphone9668
(xi) Opium extracts9610
(xii) Opium fluid9620
(xiii) Oripavine9330
(xiv) Oxycodone9143
(xv) Oxymorphone9652
(xvi) Powdered opium9639
(xvii) Raw opium9600
(xviii) Thebaine9333
(xix) Tincture of opium9630

(2) Any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with any of the substances referred to in paragraph (b) (1) of this section, except that these substances shall not include the isoquinoline alkaloids of opium.

(3) Opium poppy and poppy straw.

(4) Coca leaves (9040) and any salt, compound, derivative or preparation of coca leaves (including cocaine (9041) and ecgonine (9180) and their salts, isomers, derivatives and salts of isomers and derivatives), and any salt, compound, derivative, or preparation thereof which is chemically equivalent or identical with any of these substances, except that the substances shall not include:

(i) Decocainized coca leaves or extraction of coca leaves, which extractions do not contain cocaine or ecgonine;

(ii) [ 123I]ioflupane; or

(iii) [ 18F]FP-CIT.

(5) Concentrate of poppy straw (the crude extract of poppy straw in either liquid, solid or powder form which contains the phenanthrene alkaloids of the opium poppy), 9670.

(c) Opiates. Unless specifically excepted or unless in another schedule any of the following opiates, including its isomers, esters, ethers, salts and salts of isomers, esters and ethers whenever the existence of such isomers, esters, ethers, and salts is possible within the specific chemical designation, dextrorphan and levopropoxyphene excepted:

(1) Alfentanil9737
(2) Alphaprodine9010
(3) Anileridine9020
(4) Bezitramide9800
(5) Bulk dextropropoxyphene (non-dosage forms)9273
(6) Carfentanil9743
(7) Dihydrocodeine9120
(8) Diphenoxylate9170
(9) Fentanyl9801
(10) Isomethadone9226
(11) Levo-alphacetylmethadol9648
[Some other names: levo-alpha-acetylmethadol, levomethadyl acetate, LAAM]
(12) Levomethorphan9210
(13) Levorphanol9220
(14) Metazocine9240
(15) Methadone9250
(16) Methadone-Intermediate, 4-cyano-2-dimethylamino-4,4-diphenyl butane9254
(17) Moramide-Intermediate, 2-methyl-3-morpholino-1, 1-diphenylpropane-carboxylic acid9802
(18) Oliceridine (N-[(3-methoxythiophen-2-yl)methyl]({2-[(9R)-9-(pyridin-2-yl)-6-oxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]ethyl})amine)9245
(19) Pethidine (meperidine)9230
(20) Pethidine-Intermediate-A, 4-cyano-1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine9232
(21) Pethidine-Intermediate-B, ethyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate9233
(22) Pethidine-Intermediate-C, 1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylic acid9234
(23) Phenazocine9715
(24) Piminodine9730
(25) Racemethorphan9732
(26) Racemorphan9733
(27) Remifentanil9739
(28) Sufentanil9740
(29) Tapentadol9780
(30) Thiafentanil9729

(d) Stimulants. Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances having a stimulant effect on the central nervous system:

(1) Amphetamine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of its optical isomers1100
(2) Methamphetamine, its salts, isomers, and salts of its isomers1105
(3) Phenmetrazine and its salts1631
(4) Methylphenidate1724
(5) Lisdexamfetamine, its salts, isomers, and salts of its isomers1205.

(e) Depressants. Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances having a depressant effect on the central nervous system, including its salts, isomers, and salts of isomers whenever the existence of such salts, isomers, and salts of isomers is possible within the specific chemical designation:

(1) Amobarbital2125
(2) Glutethimide2550
(3) Pentobarbital2270
(4) Phencyclidine7471
(5) Secobarbital2315

(f) Hallucinogenic substances.

(1) Nabilone7379
[Another name for nabilone: (±)-trans-3-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)-6,6a,7,8,10,10a-hexahydro-1-hydroxy-6,6-dimethyl-9H-dibenzo[b,d]pyran-9-one]
(2) Dronabinol [(-)-delta-9-trans tetrahydrocannabinol] in an oral solution in a drug product approved for marketing by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration(7365)

(g) Immediate precursors. Unless specifically excepted or unless listed in another schedule, any material, compound, mixture, or preparation which contains any quantity of the following substances:

(1) Immediate precursor to amphetamine and methamphetamine:

(i) Phenylacetone8501
Some trade or other names: phenyl-2-propanone; P2P; benzyl methyl ketone; methyl benzyl ketone;

(2) Immediate precursors to phencyclidine (PCP):

(i) 1-phenylcyclohexylamine7460
(ii) 1-piperidinocyclohexanecarbonitrile (PCC)8603

(3) Immediate precursor to fentanyl:

(i) 4-anilino-N-phenethylpiperidine (ANPP)8333
(ii) N-phenyl-N-(piperidin-4-yl)propionamide (norfentanyl)8366
[39 FR 22142, June 20, 1974] Editorial Note:For Federal Register citations affecting § 1308.12, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 247 cases (56 in the last 5 years), 1974–2026 · leading case: Coronado v. Holder
Sort: Relevance Newest Treatment
Coronado v. Holder (2014) ca9 · cites it 12× “11 (f)(7) California Health and Safety Code § 11377(a)(5) CALIFORNIA FEDERAL § 11055(d)(1) 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (d)(1) § 11055(d)(2) 21 C.”
United States v. Daahir Caseer (2005) ca6 · cites it 7× “abinols naturally contained in a plant of the genus Cannabis (cannabis plant), as well as synthetic equivalents of the substances contained in the cannabis plant or in the resinous extractives of such plant, and/or synthetic substances, derivatives, and their *834 isomers with…”
Gonzales v. Raich (2005) scotus · cites it 2× “But even assuming that States' controls allow some seepage of medical marijuana into the illicit drug market, there is a multibillion-dollar interstate market for marijuana.”
United States v. Gregorio MacEdo and Victor Hugo Contreras, Cross-Appellee (2005) ca7 · cites it 3× “12734 , 12735 (July 7, 1971); 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (d). Title 21 U.S.C. § 811 (a) grants the Attorney General the power to reclassify controlled substances.”
United States v. Eugene Jackson (2022) ca11 · cites it 2× “at 54716; see also 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (b)(4)(ii) (2017); id.”
Ivan Rodriguez Vazquez v. Jefferson Sessions, III (2018) ca5 · cites it 2× “See 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (b)(4) (2013) ; Okla.”
Jeffers v. United States (1977) scotus · cites it 2× “II) (a) (4); 21 CFR § 1308.12 (b) (4) (1976). [4] Section 848 provides, in relevant part: "(a) .”
United States v. Richard Evans (2018) ca5 · cites it 2× “See 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (b)(1)(xiii). Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic opioid, which usually gets combined with a pain reliever like acetaminophen and sold under names like Vicodin, Lorcet, Lortab, and Norco.”
Walters v. UPMC Presbyterian Shadyside (2018) pa · cites it 2× “§ 780-104(2)(ii)(6) ; see also 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (c)(9). Morphine also is a Schedule II controlled substance.”
Raul Quijada Coronado v. Eric Holder, Jr. (2014) ca9 · cites it 5× “11 (f)(7) *673 California Health and Safety Code § 11377(a)(5) CALIFORNIA FEDERAL § 11055(d)(1) 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (d)(1) § 11055(d)(2) 21 C.”
United States v. Robert House (2022) ca9 · cites it 8× “The applicable federal regulation, 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (b)(4), includes derivatives but excludes [123I]ioflupane, which is a cocaine derivative.”
Alexis Martinez v. Attorney General United States (2018) ca3 · cites it 2× “21 C.F.R. § 1308.12 (b)(4). But that exemption was not in place when Martinez was convicted.”
Show all 247 citing cases →
— 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12(b)(1) — 2 cases
Grinstead, Teresa Lynn (2022) texcrimapp
Grinstead, Teresa Lynn (2023) texcrimapp
— 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12(b)(4) — 2 cases
Castro v. Holder (2009) ca9
Castro v. Holder (2009) ca9
— 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12(d) — 7 cases
United States v. William Clinton Roark (1991) ca8
United States v. Johnson (1992) ca10
United States v. Johnny R. Youngblood (1991) ca10
United States v. Johnson (1992) ca10
United States v. Shurtz (2007) ca10
— 21 C.F.R. § 1308.12(d)(2) — 4 cases
Chalin v. State (1983) texcrimapp
United States v. Edward Berkery and Michael T. Quinn (1990) ca2
United States v. Shurtz (2007) ca10
United States v. Vega-Ortiz (2013) casd
Annotations are extracted automatically from the opinions in the Syfert caselaw corpus and ranked by authority, recency, and treatment. Dots show Syfertize treatment of the citing case itself.