C.F.R. » Title 49 » PART 21—NONDISCRIMINATION IN FEDERALLY-ASSISTED PROGRAMS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION—EFFECTUATION OF TITLE VI OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964

49 C.F.R. § 21.11

Conduct of investigations

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(a) Periodic compliance reviews. The Secretary shall from time to time review the practices of recipients to determine whether they are complying with this part.

(b) Complaints. Any person who believes himself or any specific class of persons to be subjected to discrimination prohibited by this part may by himself or by a representative file with the Secretary a written complaint. A complaint must be filed not later than 180 days after the date of the alleged discrimination, unless the time for filing is extended by the Secretary.

(c) Investigations. The Secretary will make a prompt investigation whenever a compliance review, report, complaint, or any other information indicates a possible failure to comply with this part. The investigation will include, where appropriate, a review of the pertinent practices and policies of the recipient, the circumstances under which the possible noncompliance with this part occurred, and other factors relevant to a determination as to whether the recipient has failed to comply with this part.

(d) Resolution of matters. (1) If an investigation pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section indicates a failure to comply with this part, the Secretary will so inform the recipient and the matter will be resolved by informal means whenever possible. If it has been determined that the matter cannot be resolved by informal means, action will be taken as provided for in § 21.13.

(2) If an investigation does not warrant action pursuant to paragraph (d)(1) of this section the Secretary will so inform the recipient and the complainant, if any, in writing.

(e) Intimidatory or retaliatory acts prohibited. No recipient or other person shall intimidate, threaten, coerce, or discriminate against any individual for the purpose of interfering with any right or privilege secured by section 601 of the Act or this part, or because he has made a complaint, testified, assisted, or participated in any manner in an investigation, proceeding, or hearing under this part. The identity of complainants shall be kept confidential except to the extent necessary to carry out the purposes of this part, including the conduct of any investigation, hearing, or judicial proceeding arising thereunder.

[35 FR 10080, June 18, 1970, as amended by Amdt. 72-2, 38 FR 17997, July 5, 1973]
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 6 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1985–2025 · leading case: Sandoval v. Hagan, 7 F. Supp. 2d 1234 (M.D. Ala. 1998).
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Sandoval v. Hagan, 7 F. Supp. 2d 1234 (M.D. Ala. 1998). · cites it 5× “Here, 49 C.F.R. § 21.11 (b) is applicable and closely analogous: (b) Complaints.”
Ecos, Inc. v. Brinegar, 671 F. Supp. 381 (M.D.N.C. 1987). · cites it 4× “” 49 C.F.R. § 21.11 (d)(1). Informal negotiations that lead to a settlement, defendant argues, are not typically denominated as an administrative or judicial “proceeding.”
Jersey Heights Neighborhood Ass'n v. Glendening, 174 F.3d 180 (4th Cir. 1999). “49 C.F.R. § 21.11 (b). We do not think Congress intended those same individuals to circumvent that very administrative scheme through direct litigation against federal agencies.”
Crest Street Cmty. Council, Inc. v. North Carolina Dep't of Transp., 769 F.2d 1025 (4th Cir. 1985). · cites it 2× “As required by its regulations, 49 C.F.R. § 21.11 (c), DOT investigated the freeway proposals and the allegations of the administrative complaint.”
Williams v. Resler (M.D.N.C. 2020). “, 49 C.F.R. § 21.11 (b), or sue the recipients themselves.”
West v. Santa Clara Valley Transp. Auth. (N.D. Cal. 2025). “Claim Two – Retaliation 19 Claim Two alleges that Defendant retaliated against Plaintiff when it failed to “stop 20 the harassment or failure to respond to Plaintiff [sic] request and inquiries,” in violation of 21 part of Title VI, Section 2000d and 49 C.F.R. Part 21.11(e). TAC…”
— 49 C.F.R. § 21.11(e) — 1 case
West v. Santa Clara Valley Transp. Auth. (N.D. Cal. 2025). “Claim Two – Retaliation 19 Claim Two alleges that Defendant retaliated against Plaintiff when it failed to “stop 20 the harassment or failure to respond to Plaintiff [sic] request and inquiries,” in violation of 21 part of Title VI, Section 2000d and 49 C.F.R. Part 21.11(e). TAC…”
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