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Florida Statute 90.601 - Full Text and Legal Analysis Florida Statute 90.601 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
Fla. Stat. § 90.601 (2026) Copy Cite Official Site Syfertize CourtListener Amendments
90.601 General rule of competency.Every person is competent to be a witness, except as otherwise provided by statute.
History.s. 1, ch. 76-237; s. 1, ch. 77-77; s. 22, ch. 78-361, s. 1, ch. 78-379.

Cases Citing F.S. 90.601

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·Terry v. State, 668 So. 2d 954 (Fla. 1996).

Cited 247 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 1996 WL 2056

...e person on whose behalf he seeks to litigate"; and (2) the "`next friend' must have some significant relationship with the real party in interest." Id. at 163-64, 110 S.Ct. at 1727. [9] An otherwise competent witness has the ability to testify, see section 90.601, Florida Statutes (1993), and unreliability goes to a witness's credibility, which is for the trier-of-fact to consider....
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VacatedBlake (2007)
phrase: "vacated in"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2025)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2024)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·Rutherford v. Moore, 774 So. 2d 637 (Fla. 2000).

Cited 194 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 2000 WL 1508592

...ruth; or (3) unable to perceive and remember the events. See §§ 90.603, .604, Fla. Stat. (1999). However, "[a] witness is presumed competent to testify until the contrary is established." Hawk v. State, 718 So.2d 159, 162 (Fla.1998); see generally § 90.601, Fla....
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Vacated(citing case) (2022)
phrase: "been vacated"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2025)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2025)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·Lowe v. State, 650 So. 2d 969 (Fla. 1994).

Cited 51 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 1994 WL 656653

...We have reviewed the relevant portions of the record, including the motions and depositions involved in this issue, and find that the trial judge did not abuse his discretion in excluding the child's statement on the grounds of competency. Although in general, "every person is competent to be a witness," section 90.601, Florida Statutes (1989), a trial judge is permitted to exclude a witness when that witness is "[i]ncapable of expressing himself concerning the matter in such a manner as to be understood." § 90.603(1), Fla....
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Cited as authority(citing case) (2018)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2018)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2017)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·State v. McFadden, 772 So. 2d 1209 (Fla. 2000).

Cited 15 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 2000 WL 1675950

...Roberts, 450 So.2d at 1127 (Anstead, C.J., concurring specially) (citing Smith, 75 Fla. at 474, 78 So. at 532). Similarly, in Roberts, Justice Anstead also reasoned that the Legislature was likely aware of the Florida Supreme Court's definition of "conviction" when the Legislature enacted section 90.601(1)....
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Called into doubt(citing case) (2001)
phrase: "cast doubt on"
Called into doubt(citing case) (2001)
phrase: "cast doubt on"
Cited as authorityD-L-S (2022)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·Hawk v. State, 718 So. 2d 159 (Fla. 1998).

Cited 15 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida | 1998 WL 633688

...Hawk claims that the trial court erred in allowing Matthew Gray (the bludgeoning victim who survived) to testify without conducting a competency hearing. We disagree. A witness is presumed competent to testify until the contrary is established. See generally § 90.601, Fla....
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OverruledMuhammad (2001)
phrase: "overruling"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2015)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authorityKocaker (2013)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·& SC13-1787 Steven Douglas Hayward v. State of Florida & Steven Douglas Hayward v. Julie L. Jones, etc., 183 So. 3d 286 (Fla. 2015).

Cited 11 times | Published | Supreme Court of Florida

... been obtained without the assistance of the alleged error.” Id. (quoting Urbin v. State, 714 So. 2d 411, 418 n.8 (Fla. 1998)). A witness is presumed competent to testify until the contrary is established. Hawk v. State, 718 So. 2d 159, 162 (Fla. 1998); see also § 90.601, Fla....
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Cited as authority(citing case) (2026)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2025)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2025)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·Helton v. State, 641 So. 2d 146 (Fla. 3d DCA 1994).

Cited 7 times | Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal | 1994 WL 386430

...Defendant suggests that his hypothesis of innocence renders Ms. Gunderson somehow an "interested" witness and that therefore her testimony must be discounted as self-serving. That is not the law. Under the Evidence Code, "Every person is competent to be a witness, except as otherwise provided by statute." § 90.601, Fla....
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AffirmedHelton (2006)
phrase: "affirmed in"
Cited as authorityHelton (2000)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cert. deniedReese (1996)
phrase: "cert. denied"
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·Harmon v. Williams, 596 So. 2d 1139 (Fla. 2d DCA 1992).

Cited 6 times | Published | Florida 2nd District Court of Appeal | 1992 WL 51242

...rida Statutes (1989). We conclude that it cannot. Although the parties debate the issue of Patsy's competency to contract, we do not address it because her incompetency was never established by due process of law, and she is thus presumed competent. § 90.601, Fla....
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Cited as authorityIn Re Miller (2010)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authorityMonahan (2001)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authorityIn Re Brand (2000)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·Zabrani v. Riveron, 495 So. 2d 1195 (Fla. 3d DCA 1986).

Cited 5 times | Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal | 11 Fla. L. Weekly 2034

...From a full reading of her statement, the trial court could certainly determine that her competency was shown — that she understood both what she was saying and her obligation to tell the truth. Because competency is presumed until the contrary is established, Williams, 2 Fla. at 68; see § 90.601, Fla....
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Cited as authority(citing case) (2015)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authorityWingate (2012)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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·Martuccio v. Dept. of Pro. Reg., 622 So. 2d 607 (Fla. 1st DCA 1993).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 1993 WL 303092

...t and opinion testimony presented by the applicant, who has himself qualified as an expert witness. Persons having a pecuniary or proprietary interest in the outcome of litigation are not disqualified from testifying under the Florida Evidence Code. Section 90.601, Fla....
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Cited as authority(citing case) (1999)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authorityWerner (1997)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Relied uponBrogan (1996)
phrase: "relied upon in"
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·Simmons v. State, 683 So. 2d 1101 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 1st District Court of Appeal | 1996 WL 678686

...the capacity to relate in an understandable fashion those events about which he chooses to testify. Appellant challenges the ruling relating to Burney's competency. Unless otherwise provided by statute, every person is presumed competent to testify. § 90.601, Fla.Stat....
..."Defense counsel placed [Burney's] competency at issue, at least to the extent of whether [he] had a moral sense of the duty to tell the truth." Z.P. v. State, 651 So.2d 213, 214 (Fla. 2d DCA 1995). Findings and Inquiry Inadequate "Every person is competent to be a witness, except as otherwise provided by statute." § 90.601, Fla.Stat....
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Cited as authorityTualla (2024)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authority(citing case) (2022)
phrase: "rule_authority"
AffirmedSimmons (1996)
phrase: "affirmed in"
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·Farish v. Bankers Multiple Line Ins. Co., 425 So. 2d 12 (Fla. 4th DCA 1982).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 4th District Court of Appeal

...[2] Their status vis-a-vis Farish & Farish has yet to be determined. [3] The Florida Evidence Code has replaced Section 90.05, Florida Statutes (1975), and provides: Every person is competent to be a witness, except as otherwise provided by statute. Section 90.601, Florida Statutes (Supp....
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Cited as authorityDeToro (1986)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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State v. Stutsman, 566 So. 2d 880 (Fla. 3d DCA 1990).

Cited 3 times | Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal | 1990 WL 129952

...In support of its argument the State first contends that the sole method for proof of drug addiction is to introduce expert testimony, and that the defendant's own testimony cannot be considered. To the contrary, there is no such proscription, see § 90.601, Fla....
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Wingo v. State, 158 So. 3d 743 (Fla. 2d DCA 2015).

Cited 1 times | Published | Florida 2nd District Court of Appeal | 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 2335, 2015 WL 719004

...The allegedly stolen property was never recovered. Wingo preserved the issue of Mullins' competency by motion prior to trial and by requesting a competency determination at trial prior to Mullins' testimony. A witness is presumed competent to testify until a party places competency at issue. See § 90.601, Fla....
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·Hackmann v. Hyland, 445 So. 2d 1079 (Fla. 3d DCA 1984).

Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal | 1984 Fla. App. LEXIS 11920

presumed until the contrary is established. See § 90.601, Fla.Stat. (1981); Williams v. McGehee, 2 Fla
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Cited as authorityKey (1994)
phrase: "rule_authority"
Cited as authorityZabrani (1986)
phrase: "rule_authority"
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State v. Green, 733 So. 2d 583 (Fla. Dist. Ct. App. 1999).

Published | District Court of Appeal of Florida | 1999 Fla. App. LEXIS 6820, 1999 WL 334756

...itnesses, the trial court entered the order on review, making detailed findings as to Thompson’s incompetency and ruling that “Lonnie Thompson does not meet the standard required by law to be permitted to testify in this case.” Although, under section 90.601, Florida Statutes (1997), every person is presumed competent to testify, a person may be disqualified to testify as a witness if he or she lacks the capacity (i) to communicate in such a manner as to be understood, (ii) to understand t...
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The State of Florida v. Santiago Aguirre Zuluaga (Fla. 3d DCA 2025).

Published | Florida 3rd District Court of Appeal

So. 2d 1101, 1103 (Fla. 1st DCA 1996) (citing § 90.601, Fla. Stat. (1996)). Consistent with this presumption

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