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Florida Statute 90.607 - Full Text and Legal Analysis
Florida Statute 90.607 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research
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The 2025 Florida Statutes

Title VII
EVIDENCE
Chapter 90
EVIDENCE CODE
View Entire Chapter
90.607 Competency of certain persons as witnesses.
(1)(a) Except as provided in paragraph (b), the judge presiding at the trial of an action is not competent to testify as a witness in that trial. An objection is not necessary to preserve the point.
(b) By agreement of the parties, the trial judge may give evidence on a purely formal matter to facilitate the trial of the action.
(2)(a) A member of the jury is not competent to testify as a witness in a trial when he or she is sitting as a juror. If the juror is called to testify, the opposing party shall be given an opportunity to object out of the presence of the jury.
(b) Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment.
History.s. 1, ch. 76-237; s. 1, ch. 77-77; s. 22, ch. 78-361; s. 1, ch. 78-379; s. 487, ch. 95-147.

F.S. 90.607 on Google Scholar

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Amendments to 90.607


Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases Citing Statute 90.607

Total Results: 45

Green v. State

975 So. 2d 1090, 2008 WL 248413

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Jan 31, 2008 | Docket: 1727327

Cited 57 times | Published

...ting his former testimony that the man who made the slashing gesture was not on the jury. Curtis has invoked his Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination, and jurors cannot be called to testify to matters that inhere to the verdict under section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1987)....

Baptist Hosp. of Miami, Inc. v. Maler

579 So. 2d 97, 16 Fla. L. Weekly Supp. 287, 1991 Fla. LEXIS 734, 1991 WL 66657

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: May 2, 1991 | Docket: 1432698

Cited 56 times | Published

...ermine exactly what type of information will be elicited from the jurors, because Florida's Evidence Code, like that of many other jurisdictions, absolutely forbids any judicial inquiry into emotions, mental processes, or mistaken beliefs of jurors. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...m." Velsor v. Allstate Ins. Co., 329 So.2d 391, 393 (Fla. 2d DCA), cert. dismissed, 336 So.2d 1179 (Fla. 1976). However, jurors are allowed to testify about "overt acts which might have prejudicially affected the jury in reaching their own verdict." § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...These conclusions rested in part on the following relevant portion of Florida's Evidence Code: Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Johnson v. State

593 So. 2d 206, 1992 WL 164

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Jan 2, 1992 | Docket: 446377

Cited 46 times | Published

...that a verdict cannot be subsequently impeached by conduct which inheres in the verdict and relates to the jury's deliberations." Mitchell v. State, 527 So.2d 179, 181 (Fla.), cert. denied, 488 U.S. 960, 109 S.Ct. 404, 102 L.Ed.2d 392 (1988); accord § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...of the crime. [2] Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83, 83 S.Ct. 1194, 10 L.Ed.2d 215 (1963). [3] Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436, 86 S.Ct. 1602, 16 L.Ed.2d 694 (1966). [4] Caldwell v. Mississippi, 472 U.S. 320, 105 S.Ct. 2633, 86 L.Ed.2d 231 (1985). [5] Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1985), provides: Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment.

State v. Hamilton

574 So. 2d 124, 1991 WL 6542

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Jan 17, 1991 | Docket: 1729756

Cited 45 times | Published

...s by jurors. Any effort to devise such a test is complicated by the fact that Florida's Evidence Code, like that of many other jurisdictions, absolutely forbids any judicial inquiry into emotions, mental processes, or mistaken beliefs of jurors. [8] § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...m." Velsor v. Allstate Ins. Co., 329 So.2d 391, 393 (Fla. 2d DCA), cert. dismissed, 336 So.2d 1179 (Fla. 1976). However, jurors are allowed to testify about "overt acts which might have prejudicially affected the jury in reaching their own verdict." § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...(1987) (Law Revision Council Note — 1976) (emphasis added). See Maler ex rel. Maler v. Baptist Hosp., 559 So.2d 1157, 1162 (Fla. 3d DCA 1989) (discussing application of this principle). Obviously, any test that required proof or disproof that jurors actually were prejudiced would quickly run afoul of section 90.607(2)(b)....
...We agree with the test formulated by the Fifth Circuit and adopted by the Eleventh, finding that it best comports with both Florida law and the constitutional rights of defendants. This rule avoids the problems of a test that demands inquiry into the thought processes of jurors — a practice forbidden by section 90.607(2)(b) of the Florida Evidence Code....
...als that jurors did not consult, Trotter, especially when those materials are irrelevant to the factual and legal issues. Beard. We commend the trial court for seeing that jurors were not questioned regarding their mental processes and thoughts. See § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...The trial court stated that "one of the jurors had contraband in the juryroom [during] the penalty phase." However, the resolution of this case would be the same whether or not Kevilly was present during deliberations. [3] We note that the questions posed to the juror were constrained by the requirements of section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1987), which prohibit inquiry into jurors' thought processes....
...1st DCA 1989), review denied, 545 So.2d 1366 (Fla. 1989). The Doutre court, however, clearly erred in this holding. The Doutre court permitted an improper inquiry into the thought processes of jurors and then based its finding on this inadmissible evidence. See § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...4th DCA) (mem.) (Downey, C.J., & Cross, J., specially concurring), cert. denied, 364 So.2d 887 (Fla. 1978). [8] The statute provides: Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Sireci v. State

587 So. 2d 450, 1991 WL 183081

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Sep 19, 1991 | Docket: 373203

Cited 40 times | Published

...Sireci also claims reversible error in the trial court's refusal to poll the jurors concerning their use of the knowledge of the prior death sentence. We note only that the Evidence Code prohibits judicial inquiry into the emotions, mental processes, or mistaken beliefs of jurors. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Marshall v. State

854 So. 2d 1235, 2003 WL 21354775

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Jun 12, 2003 | Docket: 2527422

Cited 38 times | Published

...A juror is not competent to testify about matters inhering in the verdict, such as jurors' emotions, mental processes, or mistaken beliefs. See Baptist Hosp. v. Maler, 579 So.2d 97, 99 (Fla. 1991); State v. Hamilton, 574 So.2d 124, 128 (Fla.1991); see also § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...discovered evidence establishes that execution by electrocution is cruel or unusual punishment. [3] Huff v. State, 622 So.2d 982 (Fla.1993). [4] The woman purportedly called Mr. Smith in reference to one of his clients, to whom she was related. [5] Section 90.607(2)(b) provides: (b) Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment....

Reaves v. State

826 So. 2d 932, 2002 WL 1338424

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Jun 20, 2002 | Docket: 1167696

Cited 36 times | Published

...the defense such that, without the errors, there is a reasonable probability that the balance of aggravating and mitigating circumstances would have been different.'"). [14] Brady v. Maryland, 373 U.S. 83, 83 S.Ct. 1194, 10 L.Ed.2d 215 (1963). [15] § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Devoney v. State

717 So. 2d 501, 1998 WL 309069

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Aug 18, 1998 | Docket: 473435

Cited 31 times | Published

...The Florida Evidence Code codifies the sanctity of the jury verdict by providing that "[u]pon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment." § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...ides that any inquiry into matters that "inhere in the verdict" is prohibited: Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Wilding v. State

674 So. 2d 114, 1996 WL 266140

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: May 16, 1996 | Docket: 1195080

Cited 27 times | Published

...yed no part in the verdict. [3] The trial court clearly erred by asking the jurors whether the expressed concern factored into their decision-making process and by relying on their assurances as a basis for denying Wilding's motion for mistrial. See § 90.607(2)(b), Fla.Stat....

Simpson v. State

3 So. 3d 1135, 34 Fla. L. Weekly Supp. 199, 2009 Fla. LEXIS 236, 2009 WL 330946

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Feb 12, 2009 | Docket: 1652728

Cited 18 times | Published

...sanctity of the jury verdict by providing that `[u]pon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment.'" 717 So.2d at 502 (quoting § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Powell v. Allstate Ins. Co.

652 So. 2d 354, 1995 WL 16927

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Jan 19, 1995 | Docket: 1365586

Cited 15 times | Published

...Hamilton, 574 So.2d at 129 (quoting United States v. Howard, 506 F.2d at 869 (alteration in original)). [3] In applying this test, courts must take into account Florida's Evidence Code which forbids any judicial inquiry into the emotions, mental processes, or mistaken beliefs of jurors. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Keen v. State

639 So. 2d 597, 1994 WL 164622

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: May 5, 1994 | Docket: 1712652

Cited 13 times | Published

...In addition, the trial judge compounded the error when she questioned jurors about the article. Although it was appropriate to conduct a hearing, the trial court should not have asked two jurors how the article affected their decision-making process. See § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...State, 569 So.2d 1225 (Fla. 1990), cert. denied, 501 U.S. 1259, 111 S.Ct. 2912, 115 L.Ed.2d 1075 (1991). [2] Richard Lacayo, Law: Whose Trial Is It Anyway? Defense Lawyers Raise Hackles by Attacking Victims and Prosecutors, Time, May 25, 1987, at 62. [3] Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1987), provides: Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment....

Songer v. State

463 So. 2d 229, 10 Fla. L. Weekly 100

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Jan 31, 1985 | Docket: 108156

Cited 11 times | Published

...idence and the testimony of a juror at Songer's trial that she believed she could only consider the statutorily enumerated mitigating factors. Regarding the testimony of the juror, the trial judge properly determined that it was not admissible under section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1983), which provides: Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment....

Miles v. State

839 So. 2d 814, 2003 WL 728767

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 5, 2003 | Docket: 1296807

Cited 8 times | Published

...view, when the jurors informed the court they feared retribution from Miles. "Upon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict or indictment, a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment." § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Marshall v. State

976 So. 2d 1071, 2007 WL 4258618

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Dec 6, 2007 | Docket: 1680083

Cited 7 times | Published

...res in the verdict. 854 So.2d at 1240; see, e.g., McAllister Hotel, Inc. v. Porte, 123 So.2d 339, 344 (Fla. 1959); Russ v. State, 95 So.2d 594, 600 (Fla. 1957). Moreover, a juror is not competent to testify about matters which inhere in the verdict. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Naugle v. Philip Morris USA, Inc.

133 So. 3d 1235, 2014 WL 1031486, 2014 Fla. App. LEXIS 3928

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 19, 2014 | Docket: 60238739

Cited 4 times | Published

regarding any matter which “inheres in the verdict.” § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (2013) (“Upon an inquiry into

State v. Goldwire

762 So. 2d 996, 2000 WL 864455

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 30, 2000 | Docket: 1690830

Cited 4 times | Published

...Therefore, the courts have strictly limited the situations where interviews of jurors are allowed. See Devoney v. State, 717 So.2d 501 (Fla.1998) (" Devoney II "). In Devoney II, the supreme court held that a juror may not be asked about any matter that "inheres in the verdict." Id. at 502 (quoting section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1993))....

Wright v. CTL Distribution, Inc.

650 So. 2d 641, 1995 WL 44535

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Feb 1, 1995 | Docket: 1345687

Cited 3 times | Published

...Allstate Insurance Company, 650 So.2d 354 (Fla. 1995), reaffirmed the holding in its Maler decision. The court found the making of racial jokes and racially biased statements by jurors to each other to be overt acts of misconduct rather than misconduct which inheres in the verdict. Thus, section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1993), prohibiting judicial inquiry into matters which essentially inhere in the verdict, is not violated by an inquiry of this nature....

Gould v. State

745 So. 2d 354, 1999 WL 741112

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Sep 17, 1999 | Docket: 1294677

Cited 2 times | Published

...his own behalf. This same juror made a statement to the effect that an innocent man would have testified at trial. Appellant claims that these two allegations warrant a court order authorizing defense counsel to interview the jurors or a new trial. Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1997), states that "[u]pon an inquiry into the validity of a verdict ..., a juror is not competent to testify as to any matter which essentially inheres in the verdict....

Carcasses v. Julien

616 So. 2d 486, 1993 WL 62230

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 9, 1993 | Docket: 1726689

Cited 2 times | Published

...ermine exactly what type of information will be elicited from the jurors, because Florida's Evidence Code, like that of many other jurisdictions, absolutely forbids any judicial inquiry into emotions, mental processes, or mistaken beliefs of jurors. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....
...." Velsor v. Allstate Ins. Co., 329 So.2d 391, 393 (Fla. 2nd DCA), cert. dismissed, 336 So.2d 1179 (Fla. 1976). However, jurors are allowed to testify about "overt acts which might have prejudicially affected the jury in reaching their own verdict." § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Aragon v. State

853 So. 2d 584, 2003 WL 22056015

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Sep 5, 2003 | Docket: 1189198

Cited 1 times | Published

...If this burden is met, the defendant will be entitled to a new trial unless the state can show that the misconduct was harmless. Baptist Hosp.; Miles. A juror interview is not permitted regarding inquiry into any matter that inheres in the verdict and relates to the jury's deliberations. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Lenist Key v. State of Florida

179 So. 3d 513, 2015 Fla. App. LEXIS 17913, 2015 WL 7543753

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Nov 25, 2015 | Docket: 3016003

Cited 1 times | Published

...2002) (affirming denial of mistrial where three jurors discussed the case during a break from deliberations because “no nonjuror participated in the discussion, there was no indication that the jurors were otherwise improperly discussing 1Similarly, section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes, does not permit inquiry into any matter which inheres in the verdict. 6 extraneous evidence, and the discussion took place during a short break from ongoing deliberations”); United States v....

Songer v. Wainwright

605 F. Supp. 686, 1985 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 22895

District Court, M.D. Florida | Filed: Feb 2, 1985 | Docket: 1452913

Cited 1 times | Published

...st petition proceeding and cannot be considered in the instant petition. Under both federal and state law, a juror cannot testify as to matters which were inherent in the deliberative process and which led to a verdict. Fed.R.Evid. 606(b); Fla.Stat. § 90.607(2)(b) (1983)....

Van Poyck v. State

91 So. 3d 125, 37 Fla. L. Weekly Supp. 125, 2012 WL 489231, 2012 Fla. LEXIS 337

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: Feb 16, 2012 | Docket: 60309804

Cited 1 times | Published

210 (Fla.1992). Codifying this principle, section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (2010), provides that

Short v. Abukhdeir

720 So. 2d 286, 1998 Fla. App. LEXIS 13875, 1998 WL 764111

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Nov 4, 1998 | Docket: 64784095

Published

than 25% less than a prior offer of judgment. Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1995), forbids any

Miles v. State

799 So. 2d 367, 2001 Fla. App. LEXIS 16034, 2001 WL 1414740

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Nov 14, 2001 | Docket: 64810021

Published

essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment.” § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1999). Consistent with the

David James Martin v. State of Florida

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: May 6, 2021 | Docket: 59885767

Published

questioning of the juror must be consistent with section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (2020), which provides:

State v. Devoney

675 So. 2d 155, 1996 Fla. App. LEXIS 4584, 1996 WL 220558

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: May 3, 1996 | Docket: 64765239

Published

essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment.” § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1993). This rule forbids any

Dowd v. State

227 So. 3d 194, 2017 WL 2304663, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 7647

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: May 26, 2017 | Docket: 6066413

Published

see also Hamilton, 574 So.2d at 128 (citing section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1987), of the Florida

Singletary ex rel. Barnett Banks Trust Co. v. Lewis

619 So. 2d 351, 1993 Fla. App. LEXIS 5669, 1993 WL 169165

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: May 21, 1993 | Docket: 64696593

Published

v. Hamilton, 574 So.2d 124, 128 (Fla.1991), Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes, forbids absolutely

Lucious Boyd v. State of Florida

Supreme Court of Florida | Filed: May 13, 2021 | Docket: 59903102

Published

mistaken beliefs.” Martin, slip op. at 21 (quoting § 90.607(2)(b) and then quoting Marshall v. State, 854

Miner v. McKesson Corp.

784 So. 2d 1156, 2001 Fla. App. LEXIS 2437, 2001 WL 220041

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Mar 7, 2001 | Docket: 64805313

Published

these matters cannot be used to impugn a verdict. § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1999); Devoney, 717 So.2d at

Short v. Abukhdeir

738 So. 2d 408, 1999 Fla. App. LEXIS 8547, 1999 WL 420645

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 25, 1999 | Docket: 64789759

Published

than 25% less than a prior offer of judgment. Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1995), forbids any

Myron ex rel. Brock v. Shulman

818 So. 2d 666, 2002 Fla. App. LEXIS 8262, 2002 WL 1285209

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 12, 2002 | Docket: 64815734

Published

essentially inheres in the verdict or indictment.” § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1999). Specifically, it would

McAllister v. State

874 So. 2d 1266, 2004 Fla. App. LEXIS 8312, 2004 WL 1283777

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jun 11, 2004 | Docket: 64831034

Published

State, 786 So.2d 1227 (Fla. 4th DCA 2001). Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (2003), says specifically:

Travent, Ltd. v. Schecter

678 So. 2d 1345, 1996 Fla. App. LEXIS 7994, 21 Fla. L. Weekly Fed. D 1732

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jul 31, 1996 | Docket: 64767070

Published

processes, or mistaken beliefs of jurors, [f.o.] § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1987) (Law Revision Council

Perez-Sovias v. State

95 So. 3d 327, 2012 WL 3023170, 2012 Fla. App. LEXIS 11968

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jul 25, 2012 | Docket: 60311186

Published

a criminal case nor competent to testify. See § 90.607(1)(a), Fla. Stat. (2012) (“Except as provided

Philip Morris USA, Inc. v. James Naugle, as Personal Representative of the Estate of Lucinda Naugle

182 So. 3d 885, 2016 Fla. App. LEXIS 216, 2016 WL 90746

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jan 6, 2016 | Docket: 3026029

Published

...Receipt of non-record information concerning the amount of the prior verdict is an overt act “‘which might have prejudicially affected the jury in reaching their own verdict.’” Baptist Hosp. of Miami, Inc. v. Maler, 579 So. 2d 97, 99 (Fla. 1991) (quoting § 90.607(2)(b), Fla....

Woodruff v. State

208 So. 3d 1265, 2017 WL 362550, 2017 Fla. App. LEXIS 719

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jan 25, 2017 | Docket: 4573203

Published

v. State, 527 So.2d 179 (Fla. 1988). See also § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (2015) (providing that “[ujpon

Marcelin v. Denny's Restaurant

648 So. 2d 834, 1995 Fla. App. LEXIS 81, 1995 WL 6403

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Jan 10, 1995 | Docket: 64753451

Published

underlying the previously cited case law as well as section 90.607(l)(a), Florida Statutes (1989), which provides

State v. Newman

104 So. 3d 1180, 2012 Fla. App. LEXIS 20881, 2012 WL 6028838

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Dec 5, 2012 | Docket: 60227353

Published

2d at 502; Hamilton, 574 So.2d at 128; see also § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (2009). We know from our record

Gadison v. State

158 So. 3d 615, 2013 WL 6687852, 2013 Fla. App. LEXIS 20099

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Dec 20, 2013 | Docket: 60246262

Published

97, 99 (Fla.1991) (citing § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1987)). Section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (2013)

Devin Lee Bass v. State of Florida

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Dec 14, 2018 | Docket: 8409771

Published

97, 99 (Fla. 1991) (citation omitted); see also § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (2017). This includes inquiries

Hatcher v. State

679 So. 2d 27, 1996 Fla. App. LEXIS 8405, 1996 WL 457234

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Aug 14, 1996 | Docket: 64767086

Published

unauthorized material on the verdict in light of section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes (1993), which provides

Blue Water Coast Services, LLC and Jacqueline Hyatt v. Maize

District Court of Appeal of Florida | Filed: Apr 17, 2024 | Docket: 68443447

Published

(emphasis added) (citing § 90.607(2)(b), Fla. Stat. (1987)). Indeed, section 90.607(2)(b), Florida Statutes

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