Florida Statute 440.09 | Lawyer Caselaw & Research

The 2024 Florida Statutes

Title XXXI
LABOR

Chapter 440
WORKERS' COMPENSATION

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F.S. 440.09

440.09 Coverage.—

(1) The employer must pay compensation or furnish benefits required by this chapter if the employee suffers an accidental compensable injury or death arising out of work performed in the course and the scope of employment. The injury, its occupational cause, and any resulting manifestations or disability must be established to a reasonable degree of medical certainty, based on objective relevant medical findings, and the accidental compensable injury must be the major contributing cause of any resulting injuries. For purposes of this section, “major contributing cause” means the cause which is more than 50 percent responsible for the injury as compared to all other causes combined for which treatment or benefits are sought. In cases involving occupational disease or repetitive exposure, both causation and sufficient exposure to support causation must be proven by clear and convincing evidence. Pain or other subjective complaints alone, in the absence of objective relevant medical findings, are not compensable. For purposes of this section, “objective relevant medical findings” are those objective findings that correlate to the subjective complaints of the injured employee and are confirmed by physical examination findings or diagnostic testing. Establishment of the causal relationship between a compensable accident and injuries for conditions that are not readily observable must be by medical evidence only, as demonstrated by physical examination findings or diagnostic testing. Major contributing cause must be demonstrated by medical evidence only.

(a) This chapter does not require any compensation or benefits for any subsequent injury the employee suffers as a result of an original injury arising out of and in the course of employment unless the original injury is the major contributing cause of the subsequent injury. Major contributing cause must be demonstrated by medical evidence only.

(b) If an injury arising out of and in the course of employment combines with a preexisting disease or condition to cause or prolong disability or need for treatment, the employer must pay compensation or benefits required by this chapter only to the extent that the injury arising out of and in the course of employment is and remains more than 50 percent responsible for the injury as compared to all other causes combined and thereafter remains the major contributing cause of the disability or need for treatment. Major contributing cause must be demonstrated by medical evidence only.

(c) Death resulting from an operation by a surgeon furnished by the employer for the cure of hernia as required in s. 440.15(6) [F.S. 1981] shall for the purpose of this chapter be considered to be a death resulting from the accident causing the hernia.

(d) If an accident happens while the employee is employed elsewhere than in this state, which would entitle the employee or his or her dependents to compensation if it had happened in this state, the employee or his or her dependents are entitled to compensation if the contract of employment was made in this state, or the employment was principally localized in this state. However, if an employee receives compensation or damages under the laws of any other state, the total compensation for the injury may not be greater than is provided in this chapter.

(2) Benefits are not payable in respect of the disability or death of any employee covered by the Federal Employer’s Liability Act, the Longshoremen’s and Harbor Worker’s Compensation Act, the Defense Base Act, or the Jones Act.

(3) Compensation is not payable if the injury was occasioned primarily by the intoxication of the employee; by the influence of any drugs, barbiturates, or other stimulants not prescribed by a physician; or by the willful intention of the employee to injure or kill himself, herself, or another.

(4)(a) An employee shall not be entitled to compensation or benefits under this chapter if any judge of compensation claims, administrative law judge, court, or jury convened in this state determines that the employee has knowingly or intentionally engaged in any of the acts described in s. 440.105 or any criminal act for the purpose of securing workers’ compensation benefits. For purposes of this section, the term “intentional” shall include, but is not limited to, pleas of guilty or nolo contendere in criminal matters. This section shall apply to accidents, regardless of the date of the accident. For injuries occurring prior to January 1, 1994, this section shall pertain to the acts of the employee described in s. 440.105 or criminal activities occurring subsequent to January 1, 1994.

(b) A judge of compensation claims, administrative law judge, or court of this state shall take judicial notice of a finding of insurance fraud by a court of competent jurisdiction and terminate or otherwise disallow benefits.

(c) Upon the denial of benefits in accordance with this section, a judge of compensation claims shall have the jurisdiction to order any benefits payable to the employee to be paid into the court registry or an escrow account during the pendency of an appeal or until such time as the time in which to file an appeal has expired.

(5) If injury is caused by the knowing refusal of the employee to use a safety appliance or observe a safety rule required by statute or lawfully adopted by the department, and brought prior to the accident to the employee’s knowledge, or if injury is caused by the knowing refusal of the employee to use a safety appliance provided by the employer, the compensation as provided in this chapter shall be reduced 25 percent.

(6) Except as provided in this chapter, a construction design professional who is retained to perform professional services on a construction project, or an employee of a construction design professional in the performance of professional services on the site of the construction project, is not liable for any injuries resulting from the employer’s failure to comply with safety standards on the construction project for which compensation is recoverable under this chapter, unless responsibility for safety practices is specifically assumed by contracts. The immunity provided by this subsection to a construction design professional does not apply to the negligent preparation of design plans or specifications.

(7)(a) To ensure that the workplace is a drug-free environment and to deter the use of drugs and alcohol at the workplace, if the employer has reason to suspect that the injury was occasioned primarily by the intoxication of the employee or by the use of any drug, as defined in this chapter, which affected the employee to the extent that the employee’s normal faculties were impaired, and the employer has not implemented a drug-free workplace pursuant to ss. 440.101 and 440.102, the employer may require the employee to submit to a test for the presence of any or all drugs or alcohol in his or her system.

(b) If the employee has, at the time of the injury, a blood alcohol level equal to or greater than the level specified in s. 316.193, or if the employee has a positive confirmation of a drug as defined in this act, it is presumed that the injury was occasioned primarily by the intoxication of, or by the influence of the drug upon, the employee. If the employer has implemented a drug-free workplace, this presumption may be rebutted only by evidence that there is no reasonable hypothesis that the intoxication or drug influence contributed to the injury. In the absence of a drug-free workplace program, this presumption may be rebutted by clear and convincing evidence that the intoxication or influence of the drug did not contribute to the injury. Percent by weight of alcohol in the blood must be based upon grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood. If the results are positive, the testing facility must maintain the specimen for a minimum of 90 days. Blood serum may be used for testing purposes under this chapter; however, if this test is used, the presumptions under this section do not arise unless the blood alcohol level is proved to be medically and scientifically equivalent to or greater than the comparable blood alcohol level that would have been obtained if the test were based on percent by weight of alcohol in the blood. However, if, before the accident, the employer had actual knowledge of and expressly acquiesced in the employee’s presence at the workplace while under the influence of such alcohol or drug, the presumptions specified in this subsection do not apply.

(c) If the injured worker refuses to submit to a drug test, it shall be presumed in the absence of clear and convincing evidence to the contrary that the injury was occasioned primarily by the influence of drugs.

(d) The agency shall provide by rule for the authorization and regulation of drug-testing policies, procedures, and methods. Testing of injured employees shall not commence until such rules are adopted.

(e) As a part of rebutting any presumptions under paragraph (b), the injured worker must prove the actual quantitative amounts of the drug or its metabolites as measured on the initial and confirmation post-accident drug tests of the injured worker’s urine sample and provide additional evidence regarding the absence of drug influence other than the worker’s denial of being under the influence of a drug. No drug test conducted on a urine sample shall be rejected as to its results or the presumption imposed under paragraph (b) on the basis of the urine being bodily fluid tested.

(8) If, by operation of s. 440.04, benefits become payable to a professional athlete under this chapter, such benefits shall be reduced or setoff in the total amount of injury benefits or wages payable during the period of disability by the employer under a collective bargaining agreement or contract for hire.

History.—s. 9, ch. 17481, 1935; CGL 1936 Supp. 5966(9); s. 3, ch. 18413, 1937; s. 1, ch. 28236, 1953; s. 1, ch. 57-293; s. 2, ch. 73-127; s. 5, ch. 74-197; s. 3, ch. 75-209; s. 2, ch. 77-290; s. 23, ch. 78-300; s. 124, ch. 79-40; s. 21, ch. 79-312; s. 7, ch. 86-171; ss. 4, 5, 6, 43, ch. 89-289; ss. 11, 56, ch. 90-201; ss. 9, 52, ch. 91-1; ss. 5, 55, ch. 93-415; s. 101, ch. 97-103; s. 1, ch. 98-161; s. 3, ch. 98-174; s. 8, ch. 2001-91; s. 14, ch. 2002-194; s. 469, ch. 2003-261; s. 6, ch. 2003-412.

F.S. 440.09 on Google Scholar

F.S. 440.09 on Casetext

Amendments to 440.09

Arrestable Offenses / Crimes under Fla. Stat. 440.09

Level: Degree
Misdemeanor/Felony: First/Second/Third

Current data shows no reason an arrest or criminal charge should have occurred directly under Florida Statute 440.09.

Annotations, Discussions, Cases:

Cases Citing Statute 440.09

Total Results: 20

Miami Donuts Payroll, Dunkin Donuts v. Villarreal

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2024-11-06T00:00:00-08:00

Snippet: Levi that the work accident was the 3 See § 440.09(1), Fla. Stat. (2019) (requiring a compensable

Trifecta Services Company v. Najar

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2024-09-04T00:00:00-07:00

Snippet: the Florida Workers’ Compensation Law, section 440.09(1)(d), Florida Statutes, with respect to an out-of-state

Palm Beach County School District v. Josaphat

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2024-06-12T00:00:00-07:00

Snippet: requested benefits and the compensable accident. § 440.09(1), Fla. Stat. (providing that “[t]he injury, its

Seminole County, Florida and Johns Eastern Company, Inc. v. Braden

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2023-12-13T00:00:00-08:00

Snippet: compensability of his condition. See §§ 440.02(1), 440.09, 440.151, Fla. Stat. 3 Yet Braden did not …hindrance to recovery, for example. See §§ 440.151, 440.09(1)(b), Fla. Stat.; Gallagher Bassett Services-

KATHLEEN WEAVER vs VOLUSIA COUNTY, FLORIDA

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2022-10-21T00:00:00-07:00

Snippet: showing that the cancer was caused by their work. § 440.09(1), Fla. Stat. (2019). If

In Re: Amendments to the Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure - 2020 Regular-Cycle Report

Court: Fla. | Date Filed: 2021-02-10T23:53:00-08:00

Snippet: admission or withdrawal of attorneys, rule 9.440. (9) Motions relating to sanctions, rule

In Re: Amendments to the Florida Rules of Appellate Procedure - 2020 Regular-Cycle Report

Court: Fla. | Date Filed: 2020-10-29T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: admission or withdrawal of attorneys, rule 9.440. (9) Motions relating to sanctions, rule

Julio Sanchez v. Yellow Transportation/Gallagher Bassett

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2020-09-21T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: and in the course and scope of employment. See § 440.09(1), Fla. Stat. (2003). But the accidental compensable

Edna Hernandez v. Food Market Corp. dba Joseph's Classic Market and AmTrust North America of FL and Associated Industries

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2019-10-30T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: to obtain authorized medical care. Section 440.09(4)(a), Florida Statutes, prohibits an employee

Teresita De Jesus Abreu v. Riverland Elementary School and Broward County etc.

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2019-06-18T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: demonstrated by clear and convincing medical evidence); § 440.09(1) (in occupational disease and repetitive exposure…estoppel by clear and convincing evidence.”); § 440.09(7)(c), Fla. Stat. (“If the injured worker refuses

Sedgwick CMS and The Hartford/Sedgwick CMS v. Tammitha Valcourt-Williams

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2019-04-05T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: performed in the course and the scope of employment.” § 440.09(1), Fla. Stat. (2016). Accidents occur “in the …24 So. 3d 1264 (Fla. 1st DCA 2009). Section 440.09(1), Florida Statutes (2016), states in part, “The…the “arising out of work” requirement of section 440.09(1), the personal comfort doctrine applies only

Sedgwick CMS and The Hartford/Sedgwick CMS v. Tammitha Valcourt-Williams

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2019-04-05T00:53:00-07:00

William Rente v. Orange County BOCC and Cannon Cochran Management Services, Inc.

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2019-02-10T23:53:00-08:00

Snippet: nor pursued a fraud defense pursuant to sections 440.09(4) and 440.105(4)(b), Florida Statutes.

United States Fire Insurance Company and Oxford Shops of South Florida v. Virginia Hackett

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-12-13T23:53:00-08:00

Snippet: provides no 1 The fraud defense under section 440.09(4) is not available for accidents that occurred… (holding that term “compensation” as used in § 440.09(3) includes both medical and disability benefits

Hansen And Adkins Auto Transport and Gallagher Bassett Services v. James Martin

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-12-09T23:53:00-08:00

Snippet: of the need for surgery as required by section 440.09(1), Florida Statutes (2015). The JCC then found

Crown Diversified Industries Corp. and Liberty Mutual etc. v. Eileen Prendiville

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-12-09T23:53:00-08:00

Snippet: evidentiary requirements set forth in sections 90.704 and 440.09(1). Section 440.02(1), Florida Statutes (2016),… or disease sustained by the employee.” Section 440.09(1) requires that “[t]he injury, its occupational

Bonita Brinson v. Hospital Housekeeping Services, LLC

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-06-22T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: employee.” § 440.09(7)(b), Fla. Stat. And it does not compensate for the injury. § 440.09(3), Fla. Stat…employer- carrier because of the failed tests. See § 440.09(3), Fla. Stat. (2017). Ms. Brinson challenged the…injury primarily to the influence of drugs, see § 440.09(7)(b), we affirm the Judge of Compensation Claims…of the drug did not contribute to the injury.” § 440.09(7)(b), Fla. Stat. …testify effectively for purposes of rebutting § 440.09(7)(b)’s presumption. Because their testimony didn

Beverly Inmon, surviving spouse of Matthew etc. v. Convergence Employee Leasing III, Inc.

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-04-18T00:53:00-07:00

Snippet: benefits were payable in accordance with subsection 440.09(3), Florida Statutes (2014), because the Employee…occasioned by his intoxication. Under subsection 440.09(3), compensation is not payable if the injury was… intoxication of the employee. Although section 440.09(7)(b) also provides that evidence of a certain …establish the intoxication presumption under section 440.09(7)(b), the results were admissible on other grounds…established. “When the presumption in section 440.09(7)(b) does not apply, employer/carriers must ‘establish

Edward Paradise v. Neptune Fish Market/ RetailFirst Insurance etc.

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2018-02-22T23:53:00-08:00

Snippet: the E/C asserted that, by operation of subsection 440.09(3), Florida Statutes (2015), no compensation was

Teco Energy, Inc/ Teco Services, Inc. v. Michael K. Williams

Court: Fla. Dist. Ct. App. | Date Filed: 2017-12-17T23:53:00-08:00

Snippet: qualify as a “preexisting condition” under section 440.09(1)(b), Florida Statutes. In response, the…MCC] of the disability or need for treatment.” § 440.09(1), Fla. Stat. (emphasis added). … 8 Section 440.09(1) does not enumerate “all other causes” for MCC…summarized in Cespedes, “under the text of section 440.09(1)(a)-(b), MCC analysis cannot be performed in …2 The JCC assumed that, for purposes of 440.09(1)(b), a preexisting condition “must have produced