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2018 Georgia Code 18-2-77 | Car Wreck Lawyer

TITLE 18 DEBTOR AND CREDITOR

Section 2. Debtor and Creditor Relations, 18-2-1 through 18-2-85.

ARTICLE 4 UNIFORM VOIDABLE TRANSACTIONS ACT

18-2-77. Relief for creditor against fraudulent transfer or obligation.

  1. In an action for relief against a transfer or obligation under this article, a creditor, subject to the limitations in Code Section 18-2-78, may obtain:
    1. Avoidance of the transfer or obligation to the extent necessary to satisfy the creditor's claim;
    2. An attachment or other provisional remedy against the asset transferred or other property of the transferee in accordance with the procedure prescribed by Chapter 3 of this title; and
    3. Subject to applicable principles of equity and in accordance with applicable rules of civil procedure:
      1. An injunction against further disposition by the debtor or a transferee, or both, of the asset transferred or of other property;
      2. Appointment of a receiver to take charge of the asset transferred or of other property of the transferee; or
      3. Any other relief the circumstances may require.
  2. If a creditor has obtained a judgment on a claim against the debtor, the creditor, if the court so orders, may levy execution on the asset transferred or its proceeds.

(Code 1981, §18-2-77, enacted by Ga. L. 2002, p. 141, § 3; Ga. L. 2015, p. 996, § 4A-1/SB 65.)

JUDICIAL DECISIONS

Pleadings adequate for fraud.

- Actual fraud was adequately pled by alleging badges of fraud sufficient to infer the fraudulent nature of transfers to insiders; moreover, insolvency resulting in constructive fraud also was adequately pled. Ralls Corp. v. Huerfano River Wind, LLC, 27 F. Supp. 3d 1303 (N.D. Ga. 2014).

Claims survived motion to dismiss.

- When an investor asserted fraudulent transfer and related claims against accounts in the names of the former wife and widow of a consultant who allegedly defrauded the investor, the claims survived a motion to dismiss because the investor: (1) stated viable claims; (2) did not have to anticipate affirmative defenses; and (3) did not admit such defenses. Speedway Motorsports, Inc. v. Pinnacle Bank, 315 Ga. App. 320, 727 S.E.2d 151 (2012).

Transfer prior to death.

- Although the transfer of a house was accompanied by some badges of fraud, the trial court abused the court's discretion in enjoining further disposition of the house, pending adjudication of the merits of wrongful death and fraudulent transfer claims since the transferor gave the house to the transferor's three minor grandchildren in Florida three months before the transferor murdered the decedent. Bishop v. Patton, 288 Ga. 600, 706 S.E.2d 634, overruled on other grounds by SRB Inv. Servs., LLLP v. Branch Banking & Trust Co., 289 Ga. 1, 709 S.E.2d 267 (2011).

Evidence was sufficient to sustain the jury's verdict under the plaintiff's theory of fraudulent transfer and civil conspiracy as some evidence authorized the jury to find that a deed conveying the property owner's sole interest to the real property to the owner and one defendant as joint tenants with right of survivorship without any money exchanged prior to death was to evade the plaintiff before a promissory note was paid. Bloom v. Camp, 336 Ga. App. 891, 785 S.E.2d 573 (2016).

Suit against non-transferees of property barred.

- Judgment creditor could seek relief under the Uniform Fraudulent Transfers Act (now Uniform Voidable Transactions Act), O.C.G.A. § 18-2-70 et seq., against the judgment debtor, as well as any recipient of the transfers the debtor made, O.C.G.A. §§ 18-2-77 and18-2-78, but the creditor could not pursue the judgment debtor's mother and sister or their corporation because they did not receive any interest in the properties from the judgment debtor. RES-GA YPL, LLC v. Rowland, 340 Ga. App. 713, 798 S.E.2d 315 (2017).

Interlocutory injunction proper.

- Trial court did not abuse the court's discretion in entering an interlocutory injunction to preserve the status quo pending adjudication of the merits of the creditor's action against the debtors alleging breach of contract and fraudulent transfers in violation of the Georgia Uniform Fraudulent Transfers Act (UFTA), O.C.G.A. § 18-2-70 et seq., because at least seven statutory badges of fraud listed in the UFTA (now Uniform Voidable Transactions Act), O.C.G.A. § 18-2-74(b), were implicated, and the creditor also presented evidence as a non-statutory badge of fraud of the debtors' pattern of maintaining just enough funds in certain accounts to satisfy the debtors' financial covenants at the end of each quarter and then transferring the funds away shortly thereafter; under the UFTA, O.C.G.A. § 18-22-77(a)(3)(A), the trial court was authorized to enter an interlocutory injunction against further disposition by the debtor or a transferee, or both, of the asset transferred or of other property. SRB Inv. Servs., LLLP v. Branch Banking & Trust Co., 289 Ga. 1, 709 S.E.2d 267 (2011).

RESEARCH REFERENCES

Am. Jur. 2d.

- 37 Am. Jur. 2d, Fraudulent Conveyances and Transfers, § 90 et seq.

C.J.S.

- 37 C.J.S., Fraudulent Conveyances, § 150 et seq.

Cases Citing O.C.G.A. § 18-2-77

Total Results: 4  |  Sort by: Relevance  |  Newest First

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SRB Inv. Servs., LLLP v. Branch Banking & Trust Co., 709 S.E.2d 267 (Ga. 2011).

Cited 55 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Mar 25, 2011 | 289 Ga. 1, 2011 Fulton County D. Rep. 921

...Accordingly, "[s]ubject to applicable principles of equity and . . . civil procedure," the trial court was authorized to enter an interlocutory injunction "against further disposition by the debtor or a transferee, or both, of the asset transferred or of other property." OCGA § 18-2-77(a)(3)(A)....
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Bishop v. Patton, 706 S.E.2d 634 (Ga. 2011).

Cited 26 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 28, 2011 | 288 Ga. 600, 2011 Fulton County D. Rep. 419

...t the right is reduced to judgment," OCGA § 18-2-71(3), and it specifically authorizes injunctive relief against further disposition of assets or other property that may be needed to satisfy a claim by the defendant, a transferee, or both, see OCGA § 18-2-77(a)(3)(A)....
...Thus, where there is sufficient evidence of a fraudulent transfer to avoid full payment on an anticipated tort judgment, an interlocutory injunction may be granted to enjoin the defendant and those acting in concert with him from "further disposition . . . of the asset transferred or of other property." OCGA § 18-2-77(a)(3)(A)....
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RES-GA McDonough, LLC v. Taylor English Duma LLP, 302 Ga. 444 (Ga. 2017).

Cited 22 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Oct 30, 2017 | 807 S.E.2d 381

...[w]ith actual intent to hinder, delay, or defraud any creditor of the debtor [.] Such a transfer could be avoided, or other remedies pursued, if the transferee did not take the property in good faith and for a reasonably equivalent value. See former OCGA §§ 18-2-77, 18-2-78. However, the provisions applicable here defined a “creditor” only as “a person who has a claim,” see former OCGA § 18-2-71 (4), and “claim” as “a right to payment, whether or not the right is reduced to judgment,...
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Cmty. & S. Bank v. Lovell, 302 Ga. 375 (Ga. 2017).

Cited 15 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Oct 30, 2017 | 807 S.E.2d 444

...See Babies Right Start, Inc. v. Georgia Dept. of Public Health, 293 Ga. 553, 554 (1) (748 SE2d 404) (2013). These claims are set forth in Counts XI and XII of the complaint. The UFTA authorizes the avoidance of “transfers,” see former OCGA § 18-2-77 (a), it defines a “transfer” as “disposing or parting with an asset or an interest in an asset,” former OCGA § 18-2-71 (12), and it defines an “asset” as “property of a debtor.” Former OCGA § 18-2-71 (2). These claims a...