Syfert Injury Law Firm

Your Trusted Partner in Personal Injury & Workers' Compensation

Call Now: 904-383-7448

2018 Georgia Code 9-11-11.1 | Car Wreck Lawyer

TITLE 9 CIVIL PRACTICE

Section 11. Civil Practice Act, 9-11-1 through 9-11-133.

ARTICLE 3 PLEADINGS AND MOTIONS

9-11-11.1. Exercise of rights of freedom of speech and to petition government for redress of grievances; legislative findings; verification of claims; definitions; procedure on motions; exception; fees and expenses.

  1. The General Assembly of Georgia finds and declares that it is in the public interest to encourage participation by the citizens of Georgia in matters of public significance and public interest through the exercise of their constitutional rights of petition and freedom of speech. The General Assembly of Georgia further finds and declares that the valid exercise of the constitutional rights of petition and freedom of speech should not be chilled through abuse of the judicial process. To accomplish the declarations provided for under this subsection, this Code section shall be construed broadly.
    1. A claim for relief against a person or entity arising from any act of such person or entity which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the person's or entity's right of petition or free speech under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern shall be subject to a motion to strike unless the court determines that the nonmoving party has established that there is a probability that the nonmoving party will prevail on the claim.
    2. In making the determination as provided for in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the court shall consider the pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based; provided, however, that if there exists a claim that the nonmoving party is a public figure plaintiff, then the nonmoving party shall be entitled to discovery on the sole issue of actual malice whenever actual malice is relevant to the court's determination under paragraph (1) of this subsection.
    3. If the court determines that the nonmoving party under paragraph (1) of this subsection has established a probability that he or she would prevail on the claim, neither that determination nor the fact of such determination shall be admissible in evidence at any later stage of the case or in any subsequent action and no burden of proof or degree of proof otherwise applicable shall be affected by such determination in any later stage of the case or in any subsequent proceeding.
  2. As used in this Code section, the term "act in furtherance of the person's or entity's right of petition or free speech under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern" shall include:
    1. Any written or oral statement or writing or petition made before a legislative, executive, or judicial proceeding, or any other official proceeding authorized by law;
    2. Any written or oral statement or writing or petition made in connection with an issue under consideration or review by a legislative, executive, or judicial body, or any other official proceeding authorized by law;
    3. Any written or oral statement or writing or petition made in a place open to the public or a public forum in connection with an issue of public interest or concern; or
    4. Any other conduct in furtherance of the exercise of the constitutional right of petition or free speech in connection with a public issue or an issue of public concern.
  3. All discovery and any pending hearings or motions in the action shall be stayed upon the filing of a motion to dismiss or a motion to strike made pursuant to subsection (b) of this Code section until a final decision on the motion. The motion shall be heard not more than 30 days after service unless the emergency matters before the court require a later hearing. The court, on noticed motion and for good cause shown, may order that specified discovery or other hearings or motions be conducted notwithstanding this subsection.
  4. An order granting or denying a motion to dismiss or a motion to strike shall be subject to direct appeal in accordance with subsection (a) of Code Section 5-6-34.
  5. Nothing in this Code section shall affect or preclude the right of any party to any recovery otherwise authorized by common law, statute, law, or rule.
  6. This Code section shall not apply to any action brought by the Attorney General or a prosecuting attorney, or a city attorney acting as a prosecutor, to enforce laws aimed at public protection.
  7. Attorney's fees and expenses of litigation under this Code section shall be requested by motion at any time during the course of the action but not later than 45 days after the final disposition, including but not limited to dismissal by the plaintiff, of the action.

(b.1)In any action subject to subsection (b) of this Code section, a prevailing moving party on a motion to strike shall be granted the recovery of attorney's fees and expenses of litigation related to the action in an amount to be determined by the court based on the facts and circumstances of the case. If the court finds that a motion to strike is frivolous or is solely intended to cause unnecessary delay, the court shall award attorney's fees and expenses of litigation to the nonmoving party prevailing on the motion for the attorney's fees and expenses of litigation associated with the motion in an amount to be determined by the court based on the facts and circumstances of the case.

(Code 1981, §9-11-11.1, enacted by Ga. L. 1996, p. 260, § 1; Ga. L. 1998, p. 862, § 2; Ga. L. 2016, p. 341, § 2/HB 513.)

The 2016 amendment, effective July 1, 2016, rewrote subsections (a) and (b); added subsection (b.1); substituted the present provisions of subsection (c) for the former provisions, which read: "As used in this Code section, 'act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern' includes any written or oral statement, writing, or petition made before or to a legislative, executive, or judicial proceeding, or any other official proceeding authorized by law, or any written or oral statement, writing, or petition made in connection with an issue under consideration or review by a legislative, executive, or judicial body, or any other official proceeding authorized by law."; added "until a final decision on the motion" at the end of the first sentence of subsection (d); added subsection (e); redesignated former subsection (e) as present subsection (f); added subsection (g); redesignated former subsection (f) as present subsection (h); and, in subsection (h), substituted "expenses of litigation under this Code section shall" for "expenses under this Code section may" near the beginning.

Cross references.

- Freedom of speech and of the press guaranteed, Ga. Const. 1983, Art. I, Sec. I, Para. V.

Freedom of speech, U.S. Const., amend. 1.

Code Commission notes.

- Pursuant to Code Section 28-9-5, in 2016, "burden of proof" was substituted for "burden or proof" near the middle of paragraph (b)(3).

Law reviews.

- For review of 1998 legislation relating to civil practice, see 15 Ga. St. U.L. Rev. 1 (1998). For article, "Don't Raise That Hand: Why, Under Georgia's Anti-SLAPP Statute, Whistleblowers Should Find Protection from Reprisals for Reporting Employer Misconduct," see 38 Ga. L. Rev. 769 (2004). For survey article on legal ethics, see 59 Mercer L. Rev. 253 (2007). For survey article on trial practice and procedure, see 59 Mercer L. Rev. 423 (2007). For survey article on local government law, see 60 Mercer L. Rev. 263 (2008). For survey article on zoning and land use law, see 60 Mercer L. Rev. 457 (2008). For article on the 2016 amendment of this Code section, see 33 Georgia St. U.L. Rev. 109 (2016).

JUDICIAL DECISIONS

General Consideration

Legislative intent.

- In enacting the anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, the legislature declared, "it is in the public interest to encourage participation by the citizens of Georgia in matters of public significance through the exercise of their constitutional rights of freedom of speech and the right to petition government for redress of grievances. The General Assembly of Georgia further finds and declares that the valid exercise of [these] constitutional rights . . . should not be chilled through abuse of the judicial process." Providence Constr. Co. v. Bauer, 229 Ga. App. 679, 494 S.E.2d 527 (1997), cert. denied, 525 U.S. 1069, 119 S. Ct. 799, 142 L. Ed. 2d 660 (1999).

Legislative intent behind Georgia's anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, is to protect the public's right to petition the government for the redress of grievances on matters of public concern, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(a), and excluding the petition itself that initiates a "proceeding" to address matters of public concern from the reach of the anti-SLAPP statute would defeat a central purpose of the statute - to protect the right to petition the government. Hawks v. Hinely, 252 Ga. App. 510, 556 S.E.2d 547 (2001).

Intent of the anti-Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation statute is to encourage the exercise of free speech and afford procedural protection to acts of communication on public issues; in connection with this procedural protection, the appellate court has held that the mere procedural filing of a verification does not end the matter as to whether a claim could go forward under O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b) and (d). Harkins v. Atlanta Humane Soc'y, 264 Ga. App. 356, 590 S.E.2d 737 (2003).

Construction with other law.

- Upon a proper appeal from a final order, while neither former O.C.G.A. § 24-9-67.1 (see now O.C.G.A. § 24-7-702) nor O.C.G.A. § 9-11-16 required that a complaint be dismissed or stricken for failing to comply with the terms of those statutes, unlike the Anti-SLAPP statute, codified at O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, because the trial court did not enter a final judgment within the meaning of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-68(b)(1), attorney fees were properly denied; moreover, as to the claim that dismissing and refiling in another court constitutes "improper judge shopping," obtaining a different judge was simply the result of the action, not necessarily the reason for doing so. McKesson Corp. v. Green, 286 Ga. App. 110, 648 S.E.2d 457 (2007), cert. denied, No. S07C1602, 2007 Ga. LEXIS 656 (Ga. 2007).

There is no requirement that a party first seek to invoke O.C.G.A. § 9-15-14 or O.C.G.A. § 51-7-80 before seeking the protections of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1. Hagemann v. City of Marietta, 287 Ga. App. 1, 650 S.E.2d 363 (2007), cert. denied, 2008 Ga. LEXIS 128 (Ga. 2008).

Voluntary dismissal of a lawsuit by a plaintiff does not preclude the imposition of a sanction under O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(f) (now (h)). Hagemann v. Berkman Wynhaven Assoc., L.P., 290 Ga. App. 677, 660 S.E.2d 449 (2008).

Inapplicable to parody on trademark suit.

- Anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, did not apply in a trademark infringement/dilution by tarnishment countersuit filed by a national discount store chain in response to the plaintiff's declaratory judgment action because the plaintiff's unflattering parodies of the store's trademarks were not made in an official proceeding but were printed on t-shirts and other items that were sold on-line. Smith v. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., 475 F. Supp. 2d 1318 (N.D. Ga. 2007).

Inapplicable in federal cases arising under diversity jurisdiction.

- District court's denial of the company owner's motion to dismiss was proper because Georgia's verification requirement conflicted with Fed. R. Civ. P. 11 and therefore did not apply in federal cases arising under the district court's diversity jurisdiction. Royalty Network, Inc. v. Harris, 756 F.3d 1351 (11th Cir. 2014).

Attorney's duty to advise.

- While an attorney was shielded from liability as to the issue of whether a breach occurred as to the duty of care owed to the clients by failing to verify the complaint pursuant to O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b), opting instead to dismiss the complaint and refile the complaint as a renewal action, summary judgment as to the issues of harm to the clients and a breach of the duty of ordinary care as a result of the attorney's failure to advise was reversed. Chatham Orthopaedic Surgery Ctr., LLC v. White, 283 Ga. App. 10, 640 S.E.2d 633 (2006).

Statute not applicable to action not based on furtherance of free speech.

- Because the causes of action raised in this suit, which arose from a dispute as to corporate governance and membership based on compliance with the terms of the operating agreements, were not based on an act in furtherance of the rights of free speech or petition, those causes of action did not fall under the anti-strategic lawsuit against public participation (anti-SLAPP) statute and were not afforded its procedural protections. Jubilee Development Partners, LLC v. Strategic Jubilee Holdings, LLC, 344 Ga. App. 204, 809 S.E.2d 542 (2018).

Cited in Great W. Bank v. Southeastern Bank, 234 Ga. App. 420, 507 S.E.2d 191 (1998); In re Carter, 235 Ga. App. 551, 510 S.E.2d 91 (1998).

Procedure

When discovery was stayed upon motions to dismiss and the plaintiff claimed harm by the stay provisions, because the plaintiff could have sought the aid of the trial court to lift the stay for the limited purpose of conducting necessary discovery, which the plaintiff failed to do, the plaintiff could not raise the issue on appeal. Davis v. Emmis Publ'g Corp., 244 Ga. App. 795, 536 S.E.2d 809 (2000).

Stay of proceedings.

- Trial court did not err in holding a hearing on bond validation issues after denying a motion to strike brought by intervenors in the action based on the anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, because subsection (d) allowed the trial court to hold a hearing in spite of the stay provisions, and the motion to strike was meritless. Citizens for Ethics in Gov't, LLC v. Atlanta Dev. Auth., 303 Ga. App. 724, 694 S.E.2d 680 (2010), cert. denied, No. S10C1350, 2010 Ga. LEXIS 722 (Ga. 2010).

False verification.

- City's counterclaims to a landowner's declaratory judgment action challenging a rezoning decision were falsely verified and thus should have been dismissed; the counterclaims did not establish abusive litigation under O.C.G.A. § 51-7-84(b) because the declaratory judgment action had not terminated. Hagemann v. City of Marietta, 287 Ga. App. 1, 650 S.E.2d 363 (2007), cert. denied, 2008 Ga. LEXIS 128 (Ga. 2008).

Founder's verifications as to complaint for malicious prosecution and intentional infliction of emotional distress were false to the extent that the complaint was neither filed for a proper purpose or well-grounded in fact. The record showed that the defendants were merely reporting alleged criminal activity to the police and were not overly zealous or malicious. Annamalai v. Capital One Fin. Corp., 319 Ga. App. 831, 738 S.E.2d 664 (2013).

Failure to verify complaint.

- Trial court erred in holding that the plaintiff's failure to verify the complaint as required by law was an amendable defect since the plaintiff filed the verifications with an amended complaint more than ten days (approximately two months) after the failure to file was first brought to the plaintiff's attention. Davis v. Emmis Publ'g Corp., 244 Ga. App. 795, 536 S.E.2d 809 (2000).

Trial court did not err in dismissing a defamation action for failure to verify the complaint since the action arose out of the defendants' petition in opposition to the plaintiff's application for rezoning that involved alleged issues of county-wide soil and water environmental protection and alleged violations of environmental laws, which were matters of general public concern and interest. Browns Mill Dev. Co. v. Denton, 247 Ga. App. 232, 543 S.E.2d 65 (2000), aff'd, 275 Ga. 2, 561 S.E.2d 431 (2002).

Whether the verification required by O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b), in a claim against an individual exercising his or her free speech or right to petition for redress of grievances, is completely omitted or merely deficient upon filing, the claimant must remedy the situation within the statutory 10-day period or the complaint shall be stricken. Hawks v. Hinely, 252 Ga. App. 510, 556 S.E.2d 547 (2001).

Mandate of the anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b), that an improperly verified complaint challenging the exercise of the right to free speech and to petition for redress of grievances shall be stricken necessarily means that the claims in any such complaint must be dismissed with prejudice as the appellate court is bound to follow the express language of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b) and the statute explicitly mandates that the claim "shall be stricken" if the verification is not filed timely. Hawks v. Hinely, 252 Ga. App. 510, 556 S.E.2d 547 (2001).

Once the anti-Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation statute applies, a claimant must verify the complaint pursuant to the requirements of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b), or the claim may be properly dismissed. Harkins v. Atlanta Humane Soc'y, 264 Ga. App. 356, 590 S.E.2d 737 (2003).

Trial court did not err in dismissing a former employee's action alleging that the consultants slandered the former employee and interfered with the former employee's business relations with a county school district because the court properly found that verification under the Georgia anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation) statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(a) and (b), was required when the speech at issue could reasonably be construed as constitutionally protected free speech to which the anti-SLAPP statute applied; the county school board's consideration or review of the issue of how to implement a computer program in the county schools was an "official proceeding authorized by law" within the meaning of the anti-SLAPP statute, the consultants made written or oral statements to the board in connection with the issue under consideration or review, and nothing in the anti-SLAPP statute rendered the verification requirement inapplicable just because the consultants acted while engaged in a commercial transaction. Lovett v. Capital Principles, LLC, 300 Ga. App. 799, 686 S.E.2d 411 (2009).

O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(a), Georgia's anti-SLAPP statute, encompassed a press conference held outside the territorial limits of Georgia by New York defendants. Because the press conference was held to address an issue under consideration by a judicial body, i.e., a nuisance lawsuit filed by the New York defendants against gun dealers, a Georgia gun dealer's slander suit was dismissed for failure to file a verification as required by § 9-11-11.1(b). Adventure Outdoors, Inc. v. Bloomberg, 307 Ga. App. 356, 705 S.E.2d 241 (2010), cert. denied, No. S11C0648, 2011 Ga. LEXIS 402, cert. denied, 132 S. Ct. 763, 181 L. Ed. 2d 485 (2011).

Trial court erred by denying the defendant's motion to dismiss the defamation complaint filed under Georgia's anti-SLAPP, Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, because the defendant's statements regarding the pending litigation fell within the scope of protected statements under § 9-11-11.1(c) and the plaintiff's failure to file a verification as required by § 9-11-11.1(b) barred the suit. Barnett v. Holt Builders, LLC, 338 Ga. App. 291, 790 S.E.2d 75 (2016), cert. denied, No. S17C0090, 2017 Ga. LEXIS 142 (Ga. 2017).

Party's subjective belief is not the standard for determining whether the verification requirements of Georgia's anti-SLAPP, Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, apply; rather, the statute applies to any claim arising from any act that could reasonably be construed as one done in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances in connection with an issue of public interest. Barnett v. Holt Builders, LLC, 338 Ga. App. 291, 790 S.E.2d 75 (2016), cert. denied, No. S17C0090, 2017 Ga. LEXIS 142 (Ga. 2017).

Minimal effort is necessary by the party bringing suit to verify their complaint, and, if that party verifies improperly, they are given an additional ten days from the day that they are informed of the deficiency to correct their complaint. A party who fails to comply with such a simple prerequisite, which, in turn, protects the important right to petition government, should be subject to dismissal with prejudice. Barnett v. Holt Builders, LLC, 338 Ga. App. 291, 790 S.E.2d 75 (2016), cert. denied, No. S17C0090, 2017 Ga. LEXIS 142 (Ga. 2017).

Verification of counterclaims required.

- Landowner's declaratory judgment action challenging a city's rezoning decision constituted a petition to the judiciary for a redress of grievances in connection with an issue of public interest or concern, and the city's counterclaims were filed in response to the declaratory judgment action; thus, verification of the counterclaims was required. Hagemann v. City of Marietta, 287 Ga. App. 1, 650 S.E.2d 363 (2007), cert. denied, 2008 Ga. LEXIS 128 (Ga. 2008).

Counterclaims do not fall outside of the verification requirements of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, which mandates verification for any claim asserted against a person or entity arising from an act by that person or entity which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the right to free speech or the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances. Hagemann v. City of Marietta, 287 Ga. App. 1, 650 S.E.2d 363 (2007), cert. denied, 2008 Ga. LEXIS 128 (Ga. 2008).

Trial court, not the party, must determine if there is a bona fide action for defamation brought in good faith and not as abusive litigation to chill constitutional rights of freedom of speech and right of expression as defined by the statute. Browns Mill Dev. Co. v. Denton, 247 Ga. App. 232, 543 S.E.2d 65 (2000), aff'd, 275 Ga. 2, 561 S.E.2d 431 (2002).

Neither party has the burden of proof on a motion to dismiss or strike under subsection (b) of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1 because this issue is a matter of law for the trial court's determination based upon the pleadings rather than upon evidence presented by either party. Browns Mill Dev. Co. v. Denton, 247 Ga. App. 232, 543 S.E.2d 65 (2000), aff'd, 275 Ga. 2, 561 S.E.2d 431 (2002).

Motion to dismiss.

- In O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, the Georgia General Assembly has established a mechanism by which the threshold question of compliance with the anti-SLAPP statute is decided on motion to dismiss or motion to strike, and this is analogous to the statutory mechanism of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-12(b), which provides that only motions under Ga. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim are converted to summary judgment. Other motions under Ga. R. Civ. P. 12(b), such as to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction or for insufficiency of process, are not subject to this statutory rule, and such a motion, even when tried on affidavits pursuant to O.C.G.A. § 9-11-43(b) does not become a motion for summary judgment. Land v. Boone, 265 Ga. App. 551, 594 S.E.2d 741 (2004).

Conditional privilege entitled speaker to summary judgment.

- Because a property owner made statements concerning valuation by a county appraiser in good faith which were limited in scope and made during a proper meeting, and such statements were based on the owner's interest in a property, the owner was entitled to a conditional privilege under O.C.G.A. §§ 9-11-11.1 and51-5-7(4) from the appraiser's defamation claims; as the appraiser failed in the burden of showing malice by the owner, the trial court should have granted summary judgment to the owner on defamation claims as well as all tort claims based on communications, including invasion of privacy, negligence, and emotional distress. Smith v. Henry, 276 Ga. App. 831, 625 S.E.2d 93 (2005).

Application

Statements in furtherance of free speech or promoting public good.

- Statements made in good faith as part of an act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern are defined in O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(c) to include written and oral statements and petitions made to legislative or executive bodies regarding an issue being reviewed by the body. Thus, opposing a rezoning application by collecting signatures for a petition, writing letters to government officials, and speaking out at an official hearing clearly fall within the category of privileged activities. Providence Constr. Co. v. Bauer, 229 Ga. App. 679, 494 S.E.2d 527 (1997), cert. denied, 525 U.S. 1069, 119 S. Ct. 799, 142 L. Ed. 2d 660 (1999).

Statute not applicable.

- Anti-strategic litigation against public participation (SLAPP) statute did not apply to the former employer's suit, because it was not a SLAPP suit, as the activities complained of occurred before any official proceeding was underway and, thus, the trial court erred in finding that the statute applied to claims against one attorney and in denying the other attorneys' motion to strike the complaint against them. Rogers v. Dupree, 340 Ga. App. 811, 799 S.E.2d 1 (2017).

In a libel action arising from a newspaper article based on reports of a Federal Aviation Administration inspection of plaintiff airlines, because the defendant did not present evidence establishing that the defendant's reporting was privileged as a matter of law, the defendant was not entitled to sanctions and dismissal of the complaint on the grounds that the plaintiff allegedly verified the complaint in violation of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1. AirTran Airlines v. Plain Dealer Publishing Co., 66 F. Supp. 2d 1355 (N.D. Ga. 1999).

Complaint for trespass arising from defendants' activities in gathering information for a petition in opposition to an application for rezoning did not come within O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1 because it did not involve free speech as part of a petition to the government. Browns Mill Dev. Co. v. Denton, 247 Ga. App. 232, 543 S.E.2d 65 (2000), aff'd, 275 Ga. 2, 561 S.E.2d 431 (2002).

Procedural requirements of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1 did not extend to a cause of action for trespass brought by real estate developers against an environmental organization and one of its members after the organization circulated a report on the developers' failure to use proper soil erosion and sedimentation controls and opposed the developers' rezoning and land disturbance permit applications. Denton v. Browns Mill Dev. Co., 275 Ga. 2, 561 S.E.2d 431 (2002).

Application for recall of elected officials.

- Filing an application for the recall of elected officials in accordance with state law is an act in furtherance of the right to petition the government to redress grievances within the meaning of Georgia's anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b). Hawks v. Hinely, 252 Ga. App. 510, 556 S.E.2d 547 (2001).

Dispute pertaining to development of property.

- Action commenced by a property owner against two local residents and a neighborhood group alleging tortious interference with a sales option contract, tortious interference with business relations, trespass, and interference with the property owner's right of quiet enjoyment of the property was properly dismissed as a SLAPP suit since the action was commenced after the defendants wrote to the plaintiff and demanded that the plaintiff cease development work on the plaintiff's property conducted without a permit which disturbed wetlands on the site and a state-mandated 25 foot stream buffer zone. Metzler v. Rowell, 248 Ga. App. 596, 547 S.E.2d 311 (2001).

Because O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, the anti-SLAPP statute, was not intended to immunize from the consequences of abusive litigation a party who asserted a claim with respect to which there existed such a complete absence of any justiciable issue of law or fact that it could not be reasonably believed that a court would accept the asserted claim, the statute did not apply to a county's claim for attorney's fees under O.C.G.A. § 9-15-14, after the county was granted summary judgment on a property buyer's complaint that the buyer was entitled to a written verification of zoning compliance; hence, the trial court did not err in denying the county's motion to dismiss the county's request. EarthResources, LLC v. Morgan County, 281 Ga. 396, 638 S.E.2d 325 (2006).

Trespass and defacing property not protected by statute.

- While the placing of signs or speech under certain circumstances might fall within the purview of the statute, trespass by pulling up land markers, defacing property, or blocking ingress and egress (without more) is not covered by the statute as none of these actions constitutes a "written or oral statement." Metzler v. Rowell, 248 Ga. App. 596, 547 S.E.2d 311 (2001).

Question on homeless shelter.

- Issues of material fact existed as to whether the defendants made statements that the homeless shelter should not be publicly funded because the shelter was "warehousing" the homeless and not providing services was privileged. Metro Atlanta Task Force for the Homeless, Inc. v. Ichthus Community Trust, 298 Ga. 221, 780 S.E.2d 311 (2015).

Application to tortious interference with business and contract claims.

- Trial court did not err in finding that the anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation) statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, applied to the property owner's tortious interference with business and contractual relations claims because nothing in the confidentiality agreement between the chamber of commerce and the chamber's vice president indicated the statute was intended for the benefit of the property owner and the subject matter had already been communicated to the city. Settles Bridge Farm, LLC v. Masino, 318 Ga. App. 576, 734 S.E.2d 456 (2012).

Application to claims for malicious arrest and emotional distress.

- Trial court did not err in finding that the anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation) statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, applied to the founder's claims for malicious arrest and intentional infliction of emotional distress because the claims were predicated solely and exclusively upon the individuals' statements to police or statements made in furtherance of an ongoing investigation and, thus, were protected by the anti-SLAPP statute. Annamalai v. Capital One Fin. Corp., 319 Ga. App. 831, 738 S.E.2d 664 (2013).

Demand letter by television satellite company, which was sent to thousands of individuals informing the individuals of the satellite company's intent to pursue legal action for allegedly engaging in signal piracy, was protected by Georgia's anti-SLAPP law, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1. Buckley v. Directv, Inc., 276 F. Supp. 2d 1271 (N.D. Ga. 2003).

Defamation action should have been dismissed.

- Trial court erred in denying an individual's motion to dismiss a defamation lawsuit filed against the individual by a humane society and the society's executive director as the individual's statements were protected under the anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, as the statements were made in furtherance of the individual's right of free speech in connection with an issue of public concern as: (1) the statements were made on television and resulted in an investigation of the humane society by the county commission; and (2) the humane society was accountable to the public for ineffective animal control or inefficient use of taxpayer funds. Harkins v. Atlanta Humane Soc'y, 264 Ga. App. 356, 590 S.E.2d 737 (2003).

In a driver's defamation case against an attorney for parties injured in a collision with the driver, the trial court erred in denying the attorney's motion to dismiss the case under the anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, because the attorney's statements regarding the driver's excessive speed and use of Snapchat's Speed Filter on the defendant's phone at the time of the collision were conditionally privileged under O.C.G.A. § 51-5-7. Neff v. McGee, 346 Ga. App. 522, 816 S.E.2d 486 (2018).

Dismissal authorized.

- Plain language of O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b) authorizes dismissal of a claim that is not well grounded in fact, not warranted by a good faith argument or existing law, or if the statements are privileged; determining whether any of these aforementioned grounds applies requires more than a simple determination as to whether an affidavit was filed within a specified time. Harkins v. Atlanta Humane Soc'y, 264 Ga. App. 356, 590 S.E.2d 737 (2003).

Dismissal not authorized.

- Because there was no evidence that any official proceeding was involved when a mother made libelous statements about a nonprofit organization, the trial court erred in concluding that the Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (anti-SLAPP) statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, applied. Ga. Cmty. Support & Solutions, Inc. v. Berryhill, 275 Ga. App. 189, 620 S.E.2d 178 (2005), aff'd, 281 Ga. 439, 638 S.E.2d 278 (2006).

Upon certiorari review, because a parent did not perform any act which could reasonably be construed as a statement or petition within the anti-SLAPP statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, the Court of Appeals of Georgia correctly reversed dismissal of a personal care provider's tortious interference with business relationship and libel per se action filed against the parent; moreover, the Court of Appeals correctly refused to expand the scope of the anti-SLAPP statute so as to encompass a wide range of speech and conduct which was arguably connected with any issue of public interest or concern, but instead, restrict the statute's application to those statements which came within the definition within O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(c). Berryhill v. Ga. Cmty. Support & Solutions, Inc., 281 Ga. 439, 638 S.E.2d 278 (2006).

For the procedural protections of the anti-SLAPP statute to apply, there had to be a threshold showing that the claims could reasonably be construed as a statement or petition made in relation to or in connection with an actual official proceeding. In this case, the actions and statements that formed the basis of the claims were not specified in the complaint. Emory Univ. v. Metro Atlanta Task Force for the Homeless, Inc., 320 Ga. App. 442, 740 S.E.2d 219 (2013).

Animal activist's statements were privileged as matters of public concern.

- Animal rights activist's statements to a television station were privileged under O.C.G.A. § 51-5-7(4) and the Anti-Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, as the statements were related to the policies and procedures of a humane society and involved issues of public concern; the activist made the statements in good faith, believing that the efforts could influence or persuade government officials and the public at large to help change the problems at the humane society. Harkins v. Atlanta Humane Soc'y, 273 Ga. App. 489, 618 S.E.2d 16 (2005).

Statements to law enforcement in furtherance of criminal investigation.

- Hindu temple's serial filing of civil complaints against individuals lawfully reporting alleged unlawful credit card fraud activity by the temple was a clear example of the type of abuse of judicial process that O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1 aimed to deter, and the individuals' statements to law enforcement in furtherance of a criminal investigation were privileged. Therefore, dismissal of the temple's defamation and malicious prosecution claims, along with an award of attorney's fees, was proper. Hindu Temple & Cmty. Ctr. of the High Desert, Inc. v. Raghunathan, 311 Ga. App. 109, 714 S.E.2d 628 (2011), cert. dismissed, No. S11C1887, 2012 Ga. LEXIS 49 (Ga. 2012).

Application to State Bar proceedings.

- Anti-Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (Anti-SLAPP) statute, O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1, applied to complaints against an attorney before the State Bar of Georgia because State Bar proceedings were "official proceedings authorized by law" under § 9-11-11.1(c). However, a hearing was required before the defense could be allowed. Jefferson v. Stripling, 316 Ga. App. 197, 728 S.E.2d 826 (2012).

Attorneys with knowledge of recordings were disqualified.

- In a suit between an employer against the employer's former housekeeper, who video recorded a sexual encounter between the two, the court held that the trial court did not abuse the court's discretion in disqualifying two of the former housekeeper's lawyers from further representation because the lawyers were necessary witnesses since the lawyers' testimony was relevant to where and from whom the recording device used to record the sexual encounter was obtained. Cohen v. Rogers, 338 Ga. App. 156, 789 S.E.2d 352 (2016).

Fees and Expenses

Attorney fees.

- When the trial court should have dismissed a city's counterclaims against a landowner as improperly verified, remand was required to determine the issue of the landowner's entitlement to attorney fees under O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1. Hagemann v. City of Marietta, 287 Ga. App. 1, 650 S.E.2d 363 (2007), cert. denied, 2008 Ga. LEXIS 128 (Ga. 2008).

When landowners sought judicial review of the zoning decisions of a board of county commissioners (board), it was error for a trial court to hold that wherefore clauses seeking attorney fees in the board's answers were claims that were falsely verified, under O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1(b), because: (1) the board's prayers for relief seeking attorney fees were not claims as a case brought by a plaintiff could not be turned into a damage suit by a defendant for bringing the suit while the suit was still pending; (2) O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1 did not require § 9-11-11.1(b) verifications of defensive motions so the board did not have to verify the wherefore clauses in the board's answers; and (3) O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1 did not bar a party defending a suit from preserving the party's right to seek attorney fees if the suit were later found to lack substantial justification so the wherefore clauses seeking attorney fees were not improper. Paulding County Bd. of Comm'rs v. Morrison, 316 Ga. App. 806, 728 S.E.2d 921 (2012).

Trial court abused the court's discretion by not awarding attorney's fees or other sanction.

- In a suit brought by a developer against a landowner asserting tortuous interference with business relations and other claims, a trial court abused the court's discretion by denying the landowner's motion for attorney fees under O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1 since the developer's lawsuit was voluntarily dismissed as the verification in the complaint was proven false and the voluntary dismissal of the suit did not replace the mandate upon the trial court to fashion an appropriate sanction in the court's discretion in favor of the landowner. Hagemann v. Berkman Wynhaven Assoc., L.P., 290 Ga. App. 677, 660 S.E.2d 449 (2008).

RESEARCH REFERENCES

ALR.

- Application of Anti-SLAPP ("Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation") statutes to real estate development, land use, and zoning disputes, 64 A.L.R.6th 365.

Application of anti-SLAPP ("Strategic Lawsuit Against Public Participation") statutes to invasion of privacy claim, 85 A.L.R.6th 475.

Cases Citing O.C.G.A. § 9-11-11.1

Total Results: 15  |  Sort by: Relevance  |  Newest First

Copy

Berryhill v. Georgia Cmty. Support & Solutions, Inc., 638 S.E.2d 278 (Ga. 2006).

Cited 49 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Nov 28, 2006 | 281 Ga. 439, 2006 Fulton County D. Rep. 3572

...When she failed to comply with its demand for a retraction and apology, GCSS brought suit for tortious interference with business relationship and libel per se. GCSS submitted the verifications required by Georgia's anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation) statute. OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...The Court of Appeals reversed, holding that "[t]he anti-SLAPP statute does not encompass all statements that touch upon matters of public concern. Rather, by its terms, the statute's application is limited to" those statements which come within the definition found in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c)....
...Georgia Community Support & Solutions v. Berryhill, supra at 192(1), 620 S.E.2d 178. This Court granted certiorari to consider *280 that issue. Because the Court of Appeals properly construed the anti-SLAPP statute, we affirm. The verification requirement of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) applies to any claim asserted against a person or entity arising from an act "which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances ....
...[Cits.] Thus, for example, where a general term is *281 followed by the word `including,' which is itself followed by specific terms, the intent may be one of limitation. [Cits.]" State Public Defender v. Iowa Dist. Ct. for Black Hawk County, 633 N.W.2d 280, 283(III) (Iowa 2001). In the definition set forth in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c), the language "act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances ....
...Brown Contractors v. Bd. of Education of Columbia County, 280 Ga. 210, 212-213, 626 S.E.2d 471 (2006); Costin v. State, 269 Ga.App. 632, 633, 605 S.E.2d 73 (2004). A broad construction of the term "includes" would render the specific phrases in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c) superfluous....
...It was, however, totally necessary to specify those acts if the legislature intended thereby to place some reasonable limitation on the scope of the anti-SLAPP statute. Furthermore, the General Assembly could have added, but did not add, catchall language at the end of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c), as in the comparable California and Louisiana anti-SLAPP statutes....
...he statements in question. Thereafter, the Court of Appeals considered the alternative possibility that merely seeking to initiate official proceedings by making certain statements was sufficient to bring those statements within the language of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c)....
...ing in her statements can be construed as a request for any official investigation or proceeding. Georgia Community Support & Solutions v. Berryhill, supra. Consistent with the Court of Appeals' opinion, we recognize that, for the provisions of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 to be activated, the necessary statement is not required to constitute a petition for redress of grievances, but may instead relate to an official proceeding instigated by someone else and constitute an act in furtherance of the right of free speech. *282 Ms. Berryhill did not perform any act which could reasonably be construed as a statement or petition within the definition of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c), as properly interpreted....
...Judgment affirmed. All the Justices concur, except SEARS, C.J., HUNSTEIN, P.J., and Benham, J., who dissent. BENHAM, Justice, dissenting. Because I believe the decision of the Court of Appeals in this case improperly limits the scope of acts protected by OCGA § 9-11-11.1, I must respectfully dissent to the majority's affirmance of that decision....
...which are made in the context of or in pursuit of official proceedings. To explain the restrictions it placed on the protections of the Anti-SLAPP statute, the Court of Appeals made two key holdings in the decision under review. First, it held OCGA § 9-11-11.1 "defines" the acts to which the Anti-SLAPP statute applies as any written or oral statement, writing, or petition made before or to a legislative, executive, or judicial proceeding, or any other official proceeding authorized by law, or...
...which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern. . . ." OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...Georgia Alliance of Community Hospitals, Inc., 262 Ga. App. 353(1), 585 S.E.2d 700 (2003), where it noted that an act in furtherance of the rights of free speech or petition "`includes' (and is thus not limited to)" the specific communications listed in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c)....
...ti-SLAPP statute, "to encourage participation by the citizens of Georgia in matters of public significance through the exercise of their constitutional rights of freedom of speech and the right to petition government for redress of grievances." OCGA § 9-11-11.1(a)....
...o government for the redress of grievances. That the statute does *284 not contain such a requirement may be seen from the fact that it twice joins the phrases "right of free speech" and "right to petition government" with the disjunctive "or." OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) & (c)....
Copy

Premier Health Care Investments, LLC v. Uhs of Anchor, L.P, 849 S.E.2d 441 (Ga. 2020).

Cited 36 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Oct 5, 2020 | 310 Ga. 32

...an exhaustive list of which acts were included as being “‘in furtherance of the right of free speech . . . in connection with an issue of public interest or concern,’” and thus covered by the statute. See 281 Ga. at 441-442 (quoting OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c)).7 In so doing, we noted that “[t]he 7 Berryhill concerned the statute’s verification requirement, which applied to any “‘act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances . . . in connection with an issue of public interest or concern.’” Berryhill, 281 Ga. at 441 (quoting OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1998))....
...y law, or any written or oral statement, writing, or petition made in connection with an issue under consideration or review by a legislative, executive, or judicial body, or any other official proceeding authorized by law. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1998) (emphasis supplied). word ‘includes’ in and of itself is not determinative of how it is intended to be used,” and “[w]hether the term may be interpreted as one of limitation depends on the context, the subject matter, and legislative intent.” Id....
...entire definition” of the preceding general phrase. Id. In other words, we concluded that the word “includes” was used in a “restrictive, limiting sense,” meaning that “no other elements or items,” beyond the specific phrases contained in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c), were “includable” in that list, but instead fell “outside of the definition.” Berryhill, 281 Ga. at 441 (citation and punctuation omitted). We further explained that this construction was the “most reasonable” in context because “[a] broad construction of the term ‘includes’ would render the specific phrases in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) superfluous”; “the General Assembly could have added, but did not add, catchall language at the end of” the statute; and “[m]ore importantly, if the legislature had intended to use the word ‘includes’ as a broad term...
Copy

Metro Atlanta Task Force for the Homeless, Inc. v. Ichthus Cmty. Trust, 298 Ga. 221 (Ga. 2015).

Cited 35 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Nov 23, 2015 | 780 S.E.2d 311

...chief of staff echoed the statement, which is attributed to defendants, that the Task Force was merely “warehousing” the homeless and not providing services.20 Defendants argue that they are protected from any liability on this claim pursuant to OCGA § 9-11-11.1, which is Georgia’s anti-SLAPP21 statute. Defendants urge that the opinions expressed in the mayor’s chief of staff’s 19 In addition, the special master found there was sufficient proof of bribery regarding this...
...A similar email indicated that defendants wanted to “whitt[le] away [] backing and support of [the] Task Force,” and that defendants had plans on “attacking the cred[i]bility of [the Task Force] with ...public funders.” For a communication to fall under the protection OCGA § 9-11-11.1, it must be privileged pursuant to OCGA § 51-5-7 (4). See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b); Atlanta Humane Society v....
Copy

Wilkes & Mchugh, P.A. v. LTC Consulting, L.P., 830 S.E.2d 119 (Ga. 2019).

Cited 33 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Jun 24, 2019 | 306 Ga. 252

Boggs, Justice. **252This case presents the first opportunity for this Court to consider the effects of the General Assembly's wholesale revision in 2016 of the anti-SLAPP statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1, which now substantially mirrors California Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16....
...and one of its attorneys for violations of OCGA § 31-7-3.2 (j), deceptive trade practices, and false advertising after the defendants ran full-page advertisements in local newspapers targeting patients of nursing homes owned by the plaintiffs. The defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss or to Strike Pursuant to OCGA §§ 9-11-11.1 and 9-11-12 (b) (6), arguing among other things that OCGA § 31-7-3.2 (j), which was enacted in 2015, violates the First Amendment....
...The motion was filed the day before a previously scheduled injunction hearing, but the trial court considered the defendants' motion and denied it. The defendants appealed to the Court of Appeals, which properly transferred the case to this Court. We conclude that the defendants met their burden under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 to show that the plaintiffs' claims are ones arising from acts that could reasonably be construed as acts in furtherance of the defendants' right of free speech under the United States Constitution in connection with an issue of public interest or concern, thereby triggering the application of OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
..., 2017, when the court would hold a consolidated hearing on the plaintiffs' requests for preliminary and permanent injunctive relief. On the day before the injunction hearing, the defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss or to Strike Pursuant to OCGA §§ 9-11-11.1 and 9-11-12 (b) (6), attaching as exhibits printouts from the Medicare.gov website concerning the surveys that the defendants cited in their ads....
...se of constitutional rights of petition and free speech by tying up their target's resources and driving up the costs of litigation. To combat this practice, in 1996, the General Assembly added an anti-SLAPP provision to the Civil Practice Act, OCGA § 9-11-11.1. See Ga. L. 1996, p. 260, § 1 (codified as amended at OCGA § 9-11-11.1 ). In 2016, the General Assembly revised OCGA § 9-11-11.1 to substantially track California's anti-SLAPP procedure as set out in California Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16....
...For the most part, these cases have construed provisions of the anti-SLAPP statute that the 2016 amendment removed, see, e.g., Atlanta Humane Society v. Harkins , 278 Ga. 451, 452-454, 603 S.E.2d 289 (2004) (construing verification provisions of former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) ), or they have interpreted language in the anti-SLAPP statute the meaning of which the 2016 amendment substantially changed, see, e.g., Berryhill v. Georgia Community Support & Solutions, Inc. , 281 Ga. 439, 439-443, 638 S.E.2d 278 (2006) (interpreting language in former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) retained in current anti-SLAPP statute, but based on the two-part definition provided in former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c), which has now been expanded into a four-part definition); Denton , 275 Ga. at 4-7, 561 S.E.2d 431 (same). See also Neff v. McGee , 346 Ga. App. 522, 524 n.2, 816 S.E.2d 486 (2018) (noting that the 2016 amendment to OCGA § 9-11-11.1 expanded the scope of the **258anti-SLAPP statute); Rosser v. Clyatt , 348 Ga. App. 40, 42, 821 S.E.2d 140 (2018) (same). Moreover, the 2016 amendment fundamentally altered the mechanics of the anti-SLAPP procedure. Thus, our precedents construing the pre-amendment version of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 are of limited utility in interpreting the revised anti-SLAPP statute. The California Supreme Court, by contrast, has developed a considerable body of case law interpreting the text of California Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16, which, as explained below, is very similar to the text of Georgia's revised anti-SLAPP statute. Thus, in interpreting our new OCGA § 9-11-11.1, we may look to California case law interpreting § 425.16 for guidance, especially decisions - such as the ones cited in this opinion - that employ the same kind of statutory analysis that we generally use....
...589, 598-600, 774 S.E.2d 688 (2015) (looking to decisions in other jurisdictions with similar apportionment statutes in interpreting Georgia's apportionment statute, including California, Colorado, Florida, Kansas, Michigan, New Hampshire, and Wyoming).8 (a) Georgia's Newly Revised Anti-SLAPP Statute OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (a) declares that "it is in the public interest to encourage participation *125by the citizens of Georgia in matters of public significance and public interest through the exercise of their constitutional rights of petition and freedom of speech," and that "the valid exercise of the constitutional rights of petition and freedom of speech should not be chilled through abuse of the judicial process." Subsection (a) also provides that OCGA § 9-11-11.1 "shall be construed broadly" to accomplish these declarations. Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (a) (same). The rest of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 concerns anti-SLAPP motions to strike a claim or to dismiss a complaint, which are usually, but not necessarily, filed by defendants against plaintiffs, as is the case here. Thus, the "moving party" is usually the defendant, and the "nonmoving party" is usually the plaintiff. Subsection (b), which is now divided into three paragraphs, substantially changes the procedural mechanism from former **259OCGA § 9-11-11.1 for challenging SLAPPs at the outset of litigation.9 The first paragraph provides: A claim for relief against a person or entity arising from any act of such person or entity which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance...
...n connection with an issue of public interest or concern shall be subject to a motion to strike unless the court determines that the nonmoving party has established that there is a probability that the nonmoving party will prevail on the claim. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...The second paragraph provides, "In making the determination as provided for in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the court shall consider the pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based. ..." OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2).10 Accord Cal....
...ble in evidence in any later stage of the case or in any subsequent proceeding, and that such a determination does not affect the burden or degree of proof otherwise applicable in any later stage of the case or in any subsequent proceeding. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (3). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (b) (3) (similar). A new subsection, OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b.1), requires the trial court to award "attorney's fees and expenses of litigation related to the action" to a moving party (usually, the defendant) who prevails on an anti-SLAPP motion, and to award "attorney's fees and expenses of li...
...lic forum in connection with an issue of public interest or concern; or (4) Any other conduct in furtherance of the exercise of the constitutional right of petition or free speech in connection with a public issue or an issue of public concern. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1) - (4)....
...The motion shall be heard not more than 30 days after service unless the emergency matters before the court require a later hearing. The court, on noticed motion and for good cause shown, may order that specified discovery or other hearings or motions be conducted notwithstanding this subsection. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (d)....
...Proc. § 425.16 (f), (g) (similar).11 But in a significant departure from prior practice, the 2016 revision added a new subsection (e), which authorizes an immediate appeal as of right from "[a]n order granting or denying" an anti-SLAPP motion. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (e).12 See Grogan v. City of Dawsonville , 305 Ga. 79, 83-84, 823 S.E.2d 763 (2019). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (i). The remaining subsections of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 are not relevant to this appeal.13 (b) Georgia's New Anti-SLAPP Procedure The text of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1) makes clear that the analysis of an anti-SLAPP *127motion involves two steps.14 First, the court must **262decide whether the party filing the anti-SLAPP motion (usually, the defendant) has made a threshold showing that the challenged claim is one "arising from" protected activity. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
..., 124 Cal.Rptr.2d 530, 52 P.3d at 709 (emphasis in original). A defendant meets its burden by demonstrating that the act underlying the challenged claim "could reasonably be construed as" fitting within one of the categories spelled out in subsection (c). OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1). See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1) - (4) ; Navellier , 124 Cal.Rptr.2d 530, 52 P.3d at 708. If a court concludes that this threshold showing has been made, it must proceed to the second step of the analysis and decide whether the plaintiff "has established that there is a probability that the [plaintiff] will prevail on the claim." OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...As explained above, the first step of the anti-SLAPP analysis is to decide whether the party or parties filing the anti-SLAPP motion - here, the defendants - made a threshold showing that the plaintiffs' claims are ones "arising from" protected activity. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...owing that the plaintiffs' claims are ones arising from protected activity by demonstrating that the acts underlying the claims "could reasonably be construed as" fitting within at least one of the four categories spelled out in subsection (c). OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1). See Navellier , 124 Cal.Rptr.2d 530, 52 P.3d at 709. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (4) refers to "[a]ny other conduct in furtherance of the exercise of the constitutional right of petition or free speech in connection with a public issue or an issue of public concern." The plaintiffs' claims that the defendants vio...
...vision of California's anti-SLAPP statute). Thus, running the ads could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the defendants' constitutional right of free speech in connection with a public issue or an issue of public concern, see OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (4), and the **264defendants therefore met their burden of making a threshold showing that the plaintiffs' claims are ones arising from protected activity.15 4....
...es opposing the anti-SLAPP motion - here, the plaintiffs - have established that there is a probability that they will prevail on their claims that the defendants violated OCGA § 31-7-3.2 (j), the UDTPA, and the false advertising statutes. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...See City of Montebello , 205 Cal.Rptr.3d 499, 376 P.3d at 631. As noted above, the trial court concluded that the plaintiffs met their burden at the second step of the anti-SLAPP analysis and therefore denied the defendants' anti-SLAPP motion. The court quoted the relevant part of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1) and then explained its reasoning only as follows: Here, Plaintiffs have demonstrated a probability of prevailing on their claim[s]....
...It is not entirely clear what the court meant by this passage, and a review of the transcript *129of the hearing on the anti-SLAPP motion does not add clarity. What is clear, however, is that the trial court did not properly apply the required step two analysis under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 with respect to the plaintiffs' claims....
...Any advertisement shall include the name, physical location and telephone number of each lawyer or law firm who paid for the advertisement and who takes full personal responsibility for the advertisement. ..."). Also attached were the verifications required by a version of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 that was no longer in effect. See former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2015). See Ga....
...Both terms were coined by professors at the University of Denver. See Penelope Canan & George W. Pring, "Studying Strategic Lawsuits against Public Participation: Mixing Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches," 22 Law & Soc'y Rev. 385 (1988). OCGA § 9-11-11.1 and § 425.16 are not identical in every respect, however, and where the language of the two statutes differs in substance, the California case law may not be instructive. Former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) provided that for any claim asserted against a person or entity arising from an act that could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of constitutional rights of free speech or petition, both the party asserting the claim a...
...crease in the cost of litigation. The court was required to strike any claim not verified as required by the statute unless the party asserting the claim verified it within ten days after the omission was called to the party's attention. Former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) provided that if a claim was verified in violation of the statute, "the court, upon motion or upon its own initiative, shall impose upon the persons who signed the verification, a represented party, or both an appropriate sanction which may include dismissal of the claim" and an order to pay the other party or parties their reasonable expenses incurred from the filing of the pleading, including attorney fees. The second paragraph of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) further provides that if there is a claim that the nonmoving party is a public figure plaintiff, then the nonmoving party is entitled to discovery on the sole issue of actual malice if actual malice is relevant to the court's determination under the first paragraph....
...words "until a final decision on the motion." The General Assembly amended the Appellate Practice Act at the same time to reflect this change. See OCGA § 5-6-34 (a) (13) (authorizing appeals from "[a]ll judgments or orders entered pursuant to Code Section 9-11-11.1"). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 904.1 (a) (13) (similar). Subsection (f) contains the same language as former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (e) : "Nothing in this Code section shall affect or preclude the right of any party to any recovery otherwise authorized by common law, statute, law, or rule." OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (f)....
...This language does not appear in the California anti-SLAPP statute. Subsection (g), which is new, provides, "This Code section shall not apply to any action brought by the Attorney General or a prosecuting attorney, or a city attorney acting as a prosecutor, to enforce laws aimed at public protection." OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (g). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (d) (similar). Finally, subsection (h) of the revised statute, which largely retains the language of former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (f), provides: "Attorney's fees and expenses of litigation under this Code section shall be requested by motion at any time during the course of the action but not later than 45 days after the final disposition, including but not limited to dismissal by the plaintiff, of the action." The only changes are the addition of the words "of litigation" after the word "expenses" and substitution of the word "shall" for the word "may" in the phrase "shall be requested." The language of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (h) does not appear in California's anti-SLAPP statute. As noted above, in performing this analysis, "the court shall consider the pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based." OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2). Given our conclusion that the defendants met their burden to make a threshold showing that the acts underlying the plaintiffs' claims could reasonably be construed as fitting within the category described in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (4), we need not address whether the defendants' running of the ads could reasonably be construed as fitting within any of the other categories spelled out in the anti-SLAPP statute. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1) - (3).
Copy

Am. Civil Liberties Union, Inc. v. Zeh, 864 S.E.2d 422 (Ga. 2021).

Cited 32 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Oct 19, 2021 | 312 Ga. 647

...unty, had charged an indigent criminal defendant a fee for his public defense services. The ACLU moved to strike the defamation lawsuit pursuant to Georgia’s anti-Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (“anti-SLAPP”) statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1.1 Zeh then filed two motions requesting discovery....
...the nonmoving party is a public figure plaintiff, then the nonmoving party shall be entitled to discovery on the sole issue of actual malice whenever actual malice is relevant to the court’s determination under paragraph (1) of this subsection. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b).3 3 Other subsections of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 that are pertinent to the issues presented in this case are as follows: (a) The General Assembly of Georgia finds and declares that it is in the public interest to encourage participation by the citizens of Georgi...
...252, 261 (830 SE2d 119) (2019). First, the court must decide whether the party filing the anti-SLAPP motion (here, the ACLU) “has made a threshold showing that the challenged claim is one ‘arising from’ protected activity.” Id. at 262 (quoting OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1))....
...ied discovery or other hearings or motions be conducted notwithstanding this subsection. 5 is a probability that the (plaintiff) will prevail on the claim.’” Wilkes, 306 Ga. at 262 (quoting OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)). The parties do not dispute that under the first part of this test, Zeh’s defamation claim arises from protected activity. See Wilkes, 306 Ga. at 262 (explaining that a challenged claim arises from protected activity when it could reasonably be construed as fitting within one of the categories set forth in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c))....
...at 263, viewing the pleadings and affidavits submitted by the parties in the light most favorable to the plaintiff (as the non-moving party). See, e.g., RCO Legal, P.S., Inc. v. Johnson, 347 Ga. App. 661, 661-662 (820 SE2d 491) (2018). See also OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2) (stating that in determining whether a plaintiff’s claim is subject to a motion to strike, “the court shall consider the pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based”)....
...ages are inferred. See OCGA § 51-5-4 (b); Cottrell, 299 Ga. at 522-523. 29 In late September 2018, the Brunswick News filed a motion to strike Zeh’s complaint under the anti-SLAPP statute, see OCGA § 9-11-11.1, contending that the statements in its article were conditionally privileged under OCGA §§ 51-5-5 and 51-5-7 and that Zeh was a public official for the purpose of applying the New York Times standard.16 In early October, the ACLU f...
...’s right of petition or free speech under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern, as defined in subsection (c) of Code Section 9-11-11.1; (5) Fair and honest reports of the proceedings of legislative or judicial bodies; (6) Fair and honest reports of court proceedings; (7) Comments of counsel, fairly made, on the circumstances...
...r of constitutional law. The ACLU also filed an anti-SLAPP motion to strike the complaint, contending that Zeh failed to establish under the second part of the anti-SLAPP test a probability that he would prevail on his defamation claim. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...32 discovery, arguing that to the extent the trial court found that he was a public figure, the parties should conduct discovery on the issue of whether the ACLU published the blog post statements with actual malice. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2). On October 24, 2018, the trial court heard oral arguments on the motions to strike....
...Zeh argued that he was not a public figure because he represented Cox as a private lawyer. In November 2018, Zeh filed another motion to conduct discovery by deposing Cox and Hamilton as well as the author and editors of the blog post, arguing that he had shown good cause under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (d) because the memories of those individuals “[were] fading while the [c]ourt t[ook] the [d]efendants’ motions to [strike] under advisement.” On May 15, 2019, the trial court issued orders granting the Brunswick News’s motion to strike but summarily denying the ACLU’s motion....
... 4. Based on the current record, Zeh has not shown actual malice. We turn next to whether Zeh has established that there is a probability that he will prevail on his defamation claim under the second part of the anti-SLAPP test. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1); Wilkes, 306 Ga....
...motion to strike, Zeh filed a motion for discovery, arguing that to the extent the trial court found that he was a “public figure,” the parties should conduct discovery on the issue of whether the ACLU published the blog post statements with actual malice. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2) (“[I]f there exists a claim that the nonmoving party is a public figure plaintiff, then the nonmoving party shall be entitled to discovery on the sole issue of actual malice whenever actual malice is relevant to the court’s determination under paragraph (1) of this subsection.”)....
...on as well as the author and editors of the blog post, arguing that he had shown good cause because the memories of those individuals “[were] fading while the [c]ourt t[ook] the [d]efendants’ motions to [strike] under advisement.” See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (d) (“The court, on noticed motion and for good cause shown, may order that specified discovery or other hearings or motions be conducted notwithstanding this subsection [generally staying discovery until a final decision on a motion to strike].”)....
...All the Justices concur, except McMillian and Colvin, JJ., disqualified. 26 We note that while the trial court has discretion under OCGA § 9-11- 11.1 (d) to determine whether Zeh has shown “good cause” for discovery and, if so, what discovery should then be “specified,” under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2), a plaintiff who the anti-SLAPP movant claims is a “public figure plaintiff” is entitled to discovery on the “sole issue of actual malice.” In this Court, the ACLU argues that it has alleged only that Zeh is a “public official,” not a “public figure,” so OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2) does not apply in this case....
...any event, we did not grant certiorari in this case to decide this question, so we leave it to the trial court to decide in the first instance on remand whether the ACLU claims that Zeh is a “public figure plaintiff” as that term is used in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2). 63 Decided October 19, 2021. Certiorari to the Court of Appeals of Georgia — 355 Ga....
Copy

Atlanta Humane Soc'y v. Harkins, 603 S.E.2d 289 (Ga. 2004).

Cited 32 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Sep 27, 2004 | 278 Ga. 451

...Appellants brought these defamation actions in the Superior Court of Cobb County against Harkins and in the Superior Court of Gwinnett County against Mills (Appellees), but failed to verify the complaints pursuant to the anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation) statute. OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...The Cobb County court also denied a second motion to dismiss which was based on the substantive contention that Appellants unlawfully initiated the suit in response to Harkins' exercise of her right to free speech. The Gwinnett County court held that any claim by Mills "that OCGA § 9-11-11.1 grants to [her] substantive rights, rather than mere procedural guarantees, which this Court must determine in a preliminary manner prior to this case proceeding to trial is without merit....
...aims against Mills were moot. Atlanta Humane Society v. Mills, supra at 598, 591 S.E.2d 423. This Court granted certiorari and consolidated the cases, in order to review the Court of Appeals' analysis of the anti-SLAPP statute. We conclude that OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) authorizes the dismissal of a claim if it is falsely verified....
...e plaintiff's claim and for some combination of costs, legal fees and damages to be awarded to the defendant for the plaintiff's initiation of groundless litigation." (Emphasis supplied.) PLI, Sack on Defamation, § 10.11.2 (2003). As stated in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(a), the purposes of Georgia's anti-SLAPP statute are to encourage citizen participation in matters of public significance through the exercise of the right of free speech and the right to petition the government for redress of grievances, and to prevent their valid exercise from being chilled through abuse of the judicial process. To accomplish these purposes, "[t]he crucial statutory provision is OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...510, 515(1)(c), 556 S.E.2d 547 (2001). However, "verification does not end the matter" because the trial "court can ultimately reject the verification...." Denton v. Browns Mill Development Co., supra at 7, 561 S.E.2d 431. The fourth and last sentence of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b), which permits dismissal, applies "[i]f a claim is verified in violation of this Code section....
...d something by the inclusion of the last sentence and, therefore, we must construe it so as not to render it meaningless. Chatman v. Findley, 274 Ga. 54, 55, 548 S.E.2d 5 (2001). An important difference between the third and fourth sentences of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) is in the specified sanctions....
...Motions to dismiss, on the other hand, often are resolved through the use of affidavits or other evidence or are converted into motions for summary judgment. OCGA §§ 9-11-12 (b, d), 9-11-43(b). See also Metzler v. Rowell, 248 Ga.App. 596, 600(3), 547 S.E.2d 311 (2001). Subsection (d) of OCGA § 9-11-11.1, which provides for a stay of discovery upon the filing of a motion pursuant to subsection (b), also allows a motion for specified discovery. Metzler v. Rowell, supra. The sole possible reason for even limited discovery during a verification dispute is to obtain evidence for use in resolving a motion to dismiss pursuant to OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...ve much more serious conduct by the SLAPP claimant and significantly higher litigation expenses than would the straightforward procedural determination in the third sentence. Therefore, the only reasonable construction of the fourth sentence of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) is that the trial court may dismiss the claim if it makes a substantive, evidentiary determination that such claim is falsely verified....
...prisals for Reporting Employer Misconduct, 38 Ga. L.Rev. 769, 785(II)(B) (2004). Accordingly, the Court of Appeals correctly held that a claim may be dismissed based on the substantive protection of the anti-SLAPP statute: The plain language of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) authorizes dismissal of a claim [in the absence of a reasonable belief that it is] "well grounded in fact," [and] "warranted by ......
...Instead, the Court of Appeals held that dismissal was required as a matter of law because the undisputed facts of record showed that Appellees' statements were clearly acts in furtherance of their right of free speech in connection with an issue of public concern as defined by OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c) and existing case law. Harkins v. Atlanta Humane Society, supra at 360(2), 590 S.E.2d 737; Atlanta Humane Society v. Mills, supra. "Nothing in [OCGA § 9-11-11.1] shall affect or preclude the right of any party to any recovery otherwise authorized by common law, statute, law, or rule." OCGA § 9-11-11.1(e)....
...om an act by that person "which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances... in connection with an issue of public interest or concern...." OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b). Subsection (c) defines such an act to include a statement made in connection with an issue under consideration or review by a legislative, executive, or judicial body. These provisions do not make any substantive change in the law. OCGA § 9-11-11.1(e); Denton v....
...argument" for the modification of existing law, (b) "that the claim is not interposed for any improper purpose," or (c) "that the act forming the basis for the claim is not a privileged communication under paragraph (4) of Code Section 51-5-7." OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b). The legislation which added OCGA § 9-11-11.1 to the Civil Practice Act made only one substantive change in the law, which was the enactment of OCGA § 51-5-7(4). That addition to the statute on privileged communications created a new privilege for statements as defined in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c), so long as they are "made in good faith....
..."In every case of privileged communications, if the privilege is used *294 merely as a cloak for venting private malice and not bona fide in promotion of the object for which the privilege is granted, the party defamed shall have a right of action." (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA § 51-5-9. The interlocking provisions of OCGA §§ 9-11-11.1(b), (c) and 51-5-7(4) confirm that merely meeting the description of a claim which comes within the purview of the anti-SLAPP statute does not require dismissal....
...Before the trial court is authorized to dismiss the claim, it must further determine that the statements were made in good faith, or that the claim is interposed for an improper purpose or without a reasonable belief that it is well grounded in fact and is warranted by good-faith reliance on existing substantive law. OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b). See also OCGA § 9-11-11.1(e); Browns Mill Development Co....
...v. Denton, 247 Ga.App. 232, 236(1)(c), 543 S.E.2d 65 (2000), aff'd, Denton v. Browns Mill Development Co., supra. The Court of Appeals failed to consider this essential step in anti-SLAPP analysis and to look beyond the threshold definitions in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b), (c)....
...ellees' statements were acts in furtherance of their right of free speech in connection with an issue of public concern, it did not review evidence relevant to, or otherwise explicitly or implicitly make, the remaining determination mandated by OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...Judgments affirmed in part and reversed in part and cases remanded with direction. All the Justices concur, except FLETCHER, C.J., and SEARS, P. J., who concur in part and dissent in part. FLETCHER, Chief Justice, concurring in part and dissenting in part. I concur with the interpretation of OCGA § 9-11-11.1, Georgia's anti-SLAPP statute, in Division 1 of the majority opinion....
Copy

Camp v. Coweta Cnty., 625 S.E.2d 759 (Ga. 2006).

Cited 28 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Jan 17, 2006 | 280 Ga. 199, 2006 Fulton County D. Rep. 152

...[8] See OCGA §§ 9-11-1; 9-11-81 (Civil Practice Act applies to all civil actions unless specific conflicting rules are otherwise prescribed). [9] See OCGA § 9-11-9.1(b) (failure to file proper affidavit cannot be cured by amendment except in certain narrow circumstances). [10] OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) (imposing a ten-day limit on plaintiff's right to cure failure to file written verification in cases implicating free speech rights)....
Copy

Grogan v. City of Dawsonville, 823 S.E.2d 763 (Ga. 2019).

Cited 27 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 4, 2019 | 305 Ga. 79

...rogan for attorneys' fees and for money had and received to recoup salary paid and other benefits provided to Grogan if the City prevailed before the superior court. Grogan moved to dismiss the City's counterclaims under the Anti-SLAPP statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
...If the underlying subject matter is covered, the party must follow the discretionary appeal procedure of OCGA § 5-6-35. Id.4 **83Grogan was not required to follow the interlocutory review process. He filed a notice of appeal from the denial of his motion to dismiss based on OCGA § 9-11-11.1. He was entitled to an immediate appeal pursuant to OCGA § 5-6-34 (a) (13), which provides that a party may immediately appeal "[a]ll judgments or orders entered pursuant to Code Section 9-11-11.1." Because Grogan was entitled to appeal under subsection (a) of OCGA § 5-6-34, the fact that the trial court's order was not a final judgment - another kind of immediately appealable order listed in OCGA § 5-6-34 (a) - does not preclude our review....
...to dismiss under the Anti-SLAPP statute, which alleged that the City filed the counterclaims to punish Grogan for exercising his constitutionally protected free speech and petition rights. In denying Grogan's motion to dismiss filed pursuant to OCGA § 9-11-11.1, the superior court was not reviewing the decision of an administrative agency....
...The counterclaim challenged by Grogan's motion to dismiss was not raised until Grogan appealed the City's removal action to the superior court. Rather than reviewing the City's action, the superior court's consideration of Grogan's motion to dismiss involved a determination of whether the City's counterclaim violated OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
...order is directly appealable under OCGA § 5-6-34 (a) [ ].").5 The fact that Grogan also challenged the order dismissing his appeal and petition for certiorari from the City's removal action as part of his direct appeal from the denial of his OCGA § 9-11-11.1 motion does not alter our conclusion....
...Regardless of whether the superior court should have granted Grogan's motion to dismiss the City's counterclaims, the court erred in granting relief to the City. Grogan makes various arguments that the superior court erred in denying his motion to dismiss under OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
Copy

Denton v. Browns Mill Dev. Co., 561 S.E.2d 431 (Ga. 2002).

Cited 26 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Mar 27, 2002 | 275 Ga. 2

...Wayne Phears, Norcross, amici curiae. HINES, Justice. We granted certiorari in Browns Mill Dev. Co. v. Denton, 247 Ga.App. 232, 543 S.E.2d 65 (2000), to determine whether the Court of Appeals was correct that trespass is a tort that falls outside the ambit of OCGA § 9-11-11.1, Georgia's anti-SLAPP (Strategic Litigation Against Public Participation) statute. Finding that trespass, as alleged here, is not covered by OCGA § 9-11-11.1, we affirm....
...ruthful. Browns Mill and Peach State then filed a complaint asserting causes of action for trespass, libel, slander, and intentional interference with business operations. Denton notified counsel for Browns Mill and Peach State that he believed OCGA § 9-11-11.1 applied, and noted that the plaintiffs had not complied with that statute by filing the required verification. Plaintiffs' counsel, however, declined to provide verification under OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
...Denton moved to dismiss the complaint, which the trial court did. Browns Mill and Peach State appealed, and the Court of Appeals affirmed the trial court in part and reversed it in part. The Court of Appeals concluded, based on the verification requirement of OCGA § 9-11-11.1, that the trial court properly dismissed the slander, libel, and intentional interference with business relations claims. However, the Court of Appeals reversed the trial court's dismissal of the trespass claim, concluding that trespass was not expressly brought within the ambit of OCGA § 9-11-11.1, and therefore, construing the statute strictly, [1] a trespass was not an act to which *433 the procedural protections of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 extended. The crucial statutory provision is OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b): For any claim asserted against a person or entity arising from an act by that person or entity which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government for a redress...
...The statute, obviously, does not give blanket protection against suits filed against one acting in the public arena, but requires that the plaintiff make the stated verification. Thus, the statute does not sanction conduct that is otherwise tortious, but merely provides a measure of procedural protection. Under OCGA § 9-11-11.1(d), discovery and pending motions are stayed while the court addresses any motion filed under OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b). Additionally, OCGA § 9-11-11.1(e) states that "[n]othing in this Code section shall affect or preclude the right of any party to any recovery otherwise authorized by common law, statute, law, or rule." Denton asserts that the phrase "any claim" in the first sentence of OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) necessarily includes the trespass claim and extends the procedural protection to that claim as well....
...e speech or the right to petition government for a redress of grievances under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern...." (Emphasis supplied.) OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...executive, or judicial body, or any other official proceeding authorized by law. All acts included in the statute's amplification of the phrase "act in furtherance ..." are acts of communication. Further, the purpose of the statute is stated in OCGA § 9-11-11.1(a): The General Assembly of Georgia finds and declares that it is in the public interest to encourage participation by the citizens of Georgia in matters of public significance through the exercise of their constitutional rights of freedom of speech and the right to petition government for redress of grievances....
...ight of free speech; the tort of trespass is completed before any act of communication occurs. Denton argues that the entire complaint was brought with the purpose to harass, and therefore all causes of action in the complaint should fall under OCGA § 9-11-11.1. However, the procedural protections of the statute extend to "any claim ... which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition government...." OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b)....
...See OCGA § 9-11-18. And those causes of action that are not based on an act in furtherance of the rights of free speech or petition do not fall under the statute, are not afforded the procedural protections of the statute, and do not need to be verified under OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b). Denton also argues that imposing the requirement of verification under OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) for all claims in the complaint would not offend the rights of the plaintiffs as the suit may proceed after verification. However, we note that verification does not end the matter; progress of the case is stayed while any verification dispute is pending and the court can ultimately reject the verification, to the plaintiffs' expense. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) & (d)....
...the statute, in fact, requires such verification. It is not this Court's role to impose a requirement beyond that found in the statute. Finally, Denton contends that in holding that a trespass claim such as this is not *435 within the scope of OCGA § 9-11-11.1, this Court invites developers to file false claims of trespass against those who oppose them in the public arena....
...See OCGA §§ 9-15-14 (attorney fees for frivolous actions) and 51-7-80 et seq. (abusive litigation). Further, just as plaintiffs could falsely file trespass claims, defendants could falsely claim that their actions were within the compass of OCGA § 9-11-11.1. The Court of Appeals correctly determined that the trespass alleged here did not fall within the ambit of OCGA § 9-11-11.1. Judgment affirmed. All the Justices concur, except FLETCHER, C.J., SEARS, P.J., and HUNSTEIN, J., who dissent. FLETCHER, Chief Justice, dissenting. Because the anti-SLAPP statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1, requires verification for "any claim" "arising from an act" that "could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the right of free speech or the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances," it covers all act...
...statute's passage. [2] Obviously, the statute includes acts which have been held to be in furtherance of free speech, such as peacefully protesting on public property. See, e.g., Hirsh v. City of Atlanta, 261 Ga. 22, 401 S.E.2d 530 (1991). [3] OCGA § 9-11-11.1(b) (emphasis supplied). [4] Webster's Third Int'l Dictionary, 924 (1961). [5] OCGA § 51-5-7. [6] OCGA § 9-11-11.1(c) (emphasis supplied)....
...1628 (1943) (refusal to pledge allegiance); Stromberg v. California, 283 U.S. 359, 51 S.Ct. 532, 75 L.Ed. 1117 (1931) (displaying red flag for Communism). [14] OCGA § 1-3-1(a); see also Kemp v. City of Claxton, 269 Ga. 173, 175, 496 S.E.2d 712 (1998). [15] OCGA § 9-11-11.1(a)....
Copy

Earthresources, LLC. v. Morgan Cnty., 638 S.E.2d 325 (Ga. 2006).

Cited 16 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Nov 30, 2006 | 281 Ga. 396, 2006 Fulton County D. Rep. 3714

...(hereinafter collectively, Morgan County). The trial court granted Morgan County's motion for summary judgment on all counts. In response to Morgan County's subsequent motion for attorney fees under OCGA § 9-15-14, EarthResources, pursuant to OCGA § 9-11-11.1, the Anti-SLAPP (Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation) statute, filed a motion to dismiss the motion for attorney fees....
...statute's requirements. Accordingly, we find no error in the trial court's grant of summary judgment to Morgan County on this issue. 4. In Case No. S06A1713, EarthResources appeals from the trial court's denial of its motion to dismiss based on OCGA § 9-11-11.1, Georgia's Anti-SLAPP statute....
Copy

Buckner-webb v. State, 878 S.E.2d 481 (Ga. 2022).

Cited 15 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Sep 20, 2022 | 314 Ga. 823

...And we have since confirmed that this change did not materially alter the statute’s meaning. See Seals, 311 Ga. at 742 (2) (a). 21 See, e.g., Ga. L. 2016, p. 342, § 1 (adding paragraph (a) (13): “All judgments or orders entered pursuant to Code Section 9-11-11.1”); Ga....
Copy

Geer v. Phoebe Putney Health Sys., Inc, 849 S.E.2d 660 (Ga. 2020).

Cited 9 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Oct 6, 2020 | 310 Ga. 279

...279 FINAL COPY S19G1265. GEER v. PHOEBE PUTNEY HEALTH SYSTEM, INC. BETHEL, Justice. In Geer v. Phoebe Putney Health System, 350 Ga. App. 127, 128 (828 SE2d 108) (2019), the Court of Appeals held that Georgia’s anti- SLAPP statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1, could not be invoked to strike a counterclaim for attorney fees brought under OCGA § 50-18-73 (b) in response to a suit to enforce a request under Georgia’s Open Records Act....
...be determined on the basis of the record as a whole which is made in the proceeding for which fees and other expenses are sought. In response, Geer filed a motion to strike Phoebe Putney’s counterclaim for attorney fees under Georgia’s anti-SLAPP statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1, asserting that the counterclaim was nothing more than an effort to chill his rights to petition the government and to free speech....
...cie showing that the anti-SLAPP statute applied to the counterclaim. The trial court did not consider the merits of Phoebe Putney’s claim for attorney fees. Geer appealed the trial court’s order to the Court of Appeals pursuant to OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (e)....
...App. 204, 207 (809 SE2d 542) (2018). Those statutes, including Georgia’s, give a person or entity who believes they have been subjected to a SLAPP an avenue for ending the suit quickly, summarily, and at minimal expense. Codified at OCGA § 9-11-11.1, Georgia’s anti-SLAPP statute was, according to the General Assembly, enacted to ....
...freedom of speech. The General Assembly of Georgia further finds and declares that the valid exercise of the constitutional rights of petition and freedom of speech should not be chilled through abuse of the judicial process. ... OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (a)....
...entity’s right of petition or free speech under the 8 Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern[.] OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1). OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) further defines the coverage of the anti-SLAPP statute....
...arising from speech and petition of government. EarthResources, 281 Ga. at 400 (4). As we discussed in Wilkes, the anti-SLAPP statute sets forth a procedure for challenging alleged SLAPPs at the outset of litigation. See 306 Ga. at 259 (2) (a). The first paragraph of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) provides that any claim covered by the statute “shall be subject to a motion to strike unless the court determines that the nonmoving party has established that there is a probability that the nonmoving party will prevail on the claim.” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...The second paragraph provides: “In making the determination as provided for in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the court shall consider the pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based[.]” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2). The anti-SLAPP statute provides for prompt resolution of a 10 motion to strike. Under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (d), [a]ll discovery and any pending hearings or motions in the action shall be stayed upon the filing of a motion to dismiss or a motion to strike made pursuant to subsection (b) of this Code section until a final d...
...the claim against which the motion is brought is subject to the anti-SLAPP statute. If it is not, the trial court’s analysis ends. However, if the claim is subject to the anti-SLAPP statute, the court proceeds to analyze the motion under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
... the defendant’s protected free speech or petitioning activity. A defendant meets its burden by demonstrating that the act underlying the challenged claim could reasonably be construed as fitting within one of the categories spelled out in [OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c)]....
...To come under the protection of the statute, Geer asserts that his suit against Phoebe Putney to enforce his records 12 request is both a petition in a judicial proceeding and conduct in furtherance of his right to free speech, as those terms are used in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c), such that his conduct should be deemed an “act in furtherance of [his] right of petition or free speech under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public concern” under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c)....
...as a counterclaim rather than making the request after the merits of his Open Records Act claim has been litigated, the trial court erred by not considering Phoebe Putney’s claim for attorney fees under the two-prong analysis outlined in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1) that we discussed at length in Wilkes....
...13 claim for fees was brought as a counterclaim near the outset of the litigation, the trial court cannot defer a decision on his motion to strike until the resolution of the underlying litigation because, absent emergency circumstances, OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (d) requires the trial court to hear a motion to strike within 30 days. But Geer’s arguments miss the key aspect of a claim for attorney fees brought under OCGA § 50-18-73 (b) that distinguishes it from other types of claims...
...As noted above, with regard to such a claim, the anti-SLAPP statute requires the court to “consider the 14 pleadings and supporting or opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based[.]” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2). The parties are ordinarily permitted to conduct discovery under the anti-SLAPP statute only to the extent the nonmoving party is a public figure and wishes to pursue discovery relating to the issue of actual malice. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2), (d). In contrast, the text of OCGA § 50-18-73 (b) makes clear that the merits of a claim for attorney fees brought under the Open Records Act cannot be reached without an evaluation of the merits of the underlying dispute over the plaintiff’s claim for records....
...s case, absent that record and a resolution of the merits of Geer’s underlying Open Records Act claim, Phoebe Putney would have no ability to establish that there is a probability that it will prevail on its claim for fees, as required by OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1), and it will have no such ability until Geer’s claim under the Open Records Act is resolved. The parties are before this Court largely because Phoebe Putney styled its request for attorney fees in this case as a counte...
...20 request for attorney fees under OCGA § 50-18-73 (b) is not subject to a motion to strike under the anti-SLAPP statute. The trial court was thus not required to analyze Geer’s motion to strike under the two-prong test set forth in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
Copy

Oskouei v. Matthews, 912 S.E.2d 651 (Ga. 2025).

Cited 3 times | Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 18, 2025 | 321 Ga. 1

...facilities, made defamatory statements suggesting that Oskouei performed “illegal” surgeries, among other things. Matthews moved to strike the defamation lawsuit pursuant to Georgia’s anti- Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation (“anti-SLAPP”) statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1, which allows a trial court to strike certain claims based on a person’s right of petition or free speech when there is no “probability that the nonmoving party will prevail on the claim.” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...required Matthews to make a threshold showing that the challenged claim is one “arising from” protected activity; if so, Oskouei would then be required to establish that there was “a probability that [he] will prevail on the claim.” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1).1 Matthews contended, among other things, that Oskouei could not establish a probability that he would prevail on his defamation claims because the allegedly defamatory statements were conditionally privileged. 1 OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1) says: A claim for relief against a person or entity arising from any act of such person or entity which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the person’s or entity’s right of petiti...
...In November 2022, the trial court issued an order denying Matthews’s anti-SLAPP motion to strike. The court concluded under the first part of the anti-SLAPP analysis that Matthews had established that Oskouei’s defamation claims arose from protected activity under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (2).2 And under the second part of the analysis, the court determined that Oskouei had established a probability of prevailing on his defamation claims. As pertinent to the issue of whether the allegedly defamatory statements were conditionally privileged, the trial court noted that the cease and desist order said that Oskouei could appeal the Department’s 2 OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (2) says that “the term ‘act in furtherance of the person’s or entity’s right of petition or free speech under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern,’” as it is used in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b), includes “[a]ny written or oral statement or writing or petition made in connection with an issue under consideration or review by a legislative, executive, or judicial body, or any other official proceeding authorized by law.”...
...of this case: what a plaintiff must establish to defeat a showing of conditional privilege under OCGA § 51-5-9. (a) The Analysis of an Anti-SLAPP Motion to Strike As discussed above, the analysis of an anti-SLAPP motion to strike involves two steps. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...plaintiff has established that there is a probability that [he] will prevail on the claim.” Id. (citation and punctuation omitted).4 With respect to the first step, the trial court concluded here that Oskouei’s defamation claims arose from protected activity under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (2), and as noted above, that conclusion is not at issue in this appeal....
...In this regard, the merits of the plaintiff’s claim are evaluated using a summary-judgment-like procedure at an early stage of the litigation. Id. (citation and punctuation omitted). 14 reasonably be construed as fitting within one of the categories set forth in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c))....
...f petition or free speech under the Constitution of the United States or the Constitution of the State of Georgia in connection with an issue of public interest or concern, as defined in subsection (c) of Code Section 9-11-11.1; (5) Fair and honest reports of the proceedings of legislative or judicial bodies; (6) Fair and honest reports of court proceedings; (7) Comments of counsel, fairly made,...
...even though all public figures are not public officials[,]” that question was not posed on certiorari and leaving it “to the trial court to decide in the first instance on remand whether the ACLU claims that Zeh is a ‘public figure plaintiff’ as that term is used in OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2)” (punctuation omitted)). 30 Even without specific direction by the Court, the parties could revisit this issue on remand, and the lower courts would not be precluded by law of the case because neither this Court nor the Court of Appeals has explicitly ruled on this threshold question....
Copy

Wilkes & Mchugh P.A. v. Ltc Consulting, L.P., 306 Ga. 252 (Ga. 2019).

Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Jun 24, 2019

...et al. v. LTC CONSULTING, L.P. et al. BOGGS, Justice. This case presents the first opportunity for this Court to consider the effects of the General Assembly’s wholesale revision in 2016 of the anti-SLAPP statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1, which now substantially mirrors California Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16. We vacate the trial court’s denial of the defendants’ anti-SLAPP motion at issue in this case, and we remand the case with direction to reconsider the motion under the proper standards. LTC Consulting, L.P....
...and one of its attorneys for violations of OCGA § 31-7-3.2 (j), deceptive trade practices, and false advertising after the defendants ran full-page advertisements in local newspapers targeting patients of nursing homes owned by the plaintiffs. The defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss or to Strike Pursuant to OCGA §§ 9-11-11.1 and 9-11-12 (b) (6), arguing among other things that OCGA § 31-7-3.2 (j), which was enacted in 2015, violates the First Amendment....
...The motion was filed the day before a previously scheduled injunction hearing, but the trial court considered the defendants’ motion and denied it. The defendants appealed to the Court of Appeals, which properly transferred the case to this Court. We conclude that the defendants met their burden under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 to show that the plaintiffs’ claims are ones arising from acts that could reasonably be construed as acts in furtherance of the defendants’ right of free speech under the United States Constitution in connection with an issue of public interest or concern, thereby triggering the application of OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
...e same time, Powder Springs’ owner filed a motion for an ex parte temporary restraining order (“TRO”). 5 Also attached were the verifications required by a version of OCGA § 9- 11-11.1 that was no longer in effect. See former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b). On the morning of October 20, 2017, the trial court granted the TRO....
...en the court would hold a consolidated hearing on the plaintiffs’ requests for preliminary and permanent injunctive relief. On the day before the injunction hearing, the defendants filed a Motion to Dismiss or to Strike Pursuant to OCGA §§ 9-11-11.1 and 9-11-12 (b) (6), attaching as exhibits printouts from the Medicare.gov website concerning the surveys that the defendants cited in their ads....
...constitutional rights of petition and free speech by tying up their target’s resources and driving up the costs of litigation. To combat this practice, in 1996, the General Assembly added an anti-SLAPP provision to the Civil Practice Act, OCGA § 9-11-11.1. See Ga. L. 1996, p. 260, § 1 (codified as amended at OCGA § 9-11-11.1). In 2016, the General Assembly revised OCGA § 9-11-11.1 to substantially track California’s anti-SLAPP procedure as set out in California Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16....
...For the most part, these cases have construed provisions of the anti-SLAPP statute that the 2016 amendment removed, see, e.g., Atlanta Humane Society v. Harkins, 278 Ga. 451, 452-454 (603 SE2d 289) (2004) (construing verification provisions of former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b)), or they have interpreted language in the anti- SLAPP statute the meaning of which the 2016 amendment substantially changed, see, e.g., Berryhill v. Ga. Community Support & Solutions, Inc., 281 Ga. 439, 439-443 (638 SE2d 278) (2006) (interpreting language in former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) retained in the current anti-SLAPP statute, but based on the two-part definition provided in former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c), which has now been expanded into a four-part definition); Denton, 275 Ga. at 4-7 (same). See also Neff v. McGee, 346 Ga. App. 522, 524 n.2 (816 SE2d 486) (2018) (noting that the 2016 amendment to OCGA § 9-11-11.1 expanded the scope of the anti-SLAPP statute); Rosser v. Clyatt, 348 Ga. App. 40, 42 (821 SE2d 140) (2018) (same). Moreover, the 2016 amendment fundamentally altered the mechanics of the anti- SLAPP procedure. Thus, our precedents construing the pre- amendment version of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 are of limited utility in interpreting the revised anti-SLAPP statute. The California Supreme Court, by contrast, has developed a considerable body of case law interpreting the text of California Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16, which, as explained below, is very similar to the text of Georgia’s revised anti-SLAPP statute. Thus, in interpreting our new OCGA § 9-11-11.1, we may look to California case law interpreting § 425.16 for guidance, especially decisions — such as the ones cited in this opinion — that employ the same kind of statutory analysis that we generally use....
...ns with similar apportionment statutes in interpreting Georgia’s apportionment statute, including California, Colorado, Florida, Kansas, Michigan, New Hampshire, and Wyoming).8 (a) Georgia’s Newly Revised Anti-SLAPP Statute OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (a) declares that “it is in the public interest to encourage participation by the citizens of Georgia in matters of public significance and public interest through the exercise of their constitutional rights of petition and freedom of speech,” and that “the valid exercise of the constitutional rights of petition and freedom of speech should not be chilled through abuse of the judicial process.” Subsection (a) also provides that OCGA § 9-11-11.1 “shall be construed broadly” to accomplish these declarations. Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (a) (same). The rest of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 concerns anti-SLAPP motions to strike a claim or to dismiss a complaint, which are usually, but not necessarily, filed by defendants against plaintiffs, as is the case here. Thus, the “moving party” is usually the defendant, and the “nonmoving party” is 8 OCGA § 9-11-11.1 and California Code of Civil Procedure § 425.16 are not identical in every respect, however, and where the language of the two statutes differs in substance, the California case law may not be instructive. usually the plaintiff. Subsection (b), which is now divided into three paragraphs, substantially changes the procedural mechanism from former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 for challenging SLAPPs at the outset of litigation.9 The first paragraph provides: A claim for relief against a person or entity arising from any act of such person or entity which could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the person’s or entity’s right of petition or free speech under the 9 Former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) provided that for any claim asserted against a person or entity arising from an act that could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of constitutional rights of free speech or petition, both the party asserting the claim a...
...unnecessary delay or needless increase in the cost of litigation. The court was required to strike any claim not verified as required by the statute unless the party asserting the claim verified it within ten days after the omission was called to the party’s attention. Former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) provided that if a claim was verified in violation of the statute, “the court, upon motion or upon its own initiative, shall impose upon the persons who signed the verification, a represented party, or both an appropriate sanction...
...e of public interest or concern shall be subject to a motion to strike unless the court determines that the nonmoving party has established that there is a probability that the nonmoving party will prevail on the claim. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...The second paragraph provides: “In making the determination as provided for in paragraph (1) of this subsection, the court shall consider the pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based. . . .” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2).10 Accord Cal....
...§ 425.16 (b) (2) (similar). The third paragraph of subsection (b) addresses later proceedings in the same case and in any subsequent case. It provides that a determination that the nonmoving party (usually, the plaintiff) would prevail on a claim or the fact that such a 10 The second paragraph of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) further provides that if there is a claim that the nonmoving party is a public figure plaintiff, then the nonmoving party is entitled to discovery on the sole issue of actual malice if actual malice is relevant to the court’s determination under the first paragraph....
...in evidence in any later stage of the case or in any subsequent proceeding, and that such a determination does not affect the burden or degree of proof otherwise applicable in any later stage of the case or in any subsequent proceeding. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (3). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (b) (3) (similar). A new subsection, OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b.1), requires the trial court to award “attorney’s fees and expenses of litigation related to the action” to a moving party (usually, the defendant) who prevails on an anti-SLAPP motion, and to award “attorney’s fees and e...
...interest or concern; or (4) Any other conduct in furtherance of the exercise of the constitutional right of petition or free speech in connection with a public issue or an issue of public concern. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1)-(4)....
... service unless the emergency matters before the court require a later hearing. The court, on noticed motion and for good cause shown, may order that specified discovery or other hearings or motions be conducted notwithstanding this subsection. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (d)....
...§ 425.16 (f), (g) (similar).11 But in a significant departure from prior practice, the 2016 revision added a new subsection (e), which authorizes an immediate appeal as of right from “[a]n order granting or denying” an anti-SLAPP motion. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (e).12 See Grogan v. City of Dawsonville, 305 Ga. 79, 83-84 (823 SE2d 763) (2019). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (i) (similar). The remaining subsections of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 are not relevant to this appeal.13 11 The only change to this subsection from the pre-2016 version is the addition at the end of the first sentence of the words “until a final decision on the motion.” 12 The General...
...See OCGA § 5-6-34 (a) (13) (authorizing appeals from “[a]ll judgments or orders entered pursuant to Code Section 9-11- 11.1”). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 904.1 (a) (13) (similar). 13 Subsection (f) contains the same language as former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (e): “Nothing in this Code section shall affect or preclude the right of any party to any recovery otherwise authorized by common law, statute, law, or rule.” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (f)....
...This language does not appear in California’s anti- SLAPP statute. Subsection (g), which is new, provides: “This Code section shall not apply to any action brought by the Attorney General or a prosecuting (b) Georgia’s New Anti-SLAPP Procedure The text of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1) makes clear that the analysis of an anti-SLAPP motion involves two steps.14 First, the court must decide whether the party filing the anti-SLAPP motion (usually, the defendant) has made a threshold showing that the challenged claim is one “arising from” protected activity....
...by protected activity.” Id. at 708-709 (quoting City of Cotati v. Cashman, 52 P3d 695, 701 (Cal. 2002)). “[T]he critical consideration attorney, or a city attorney acting as a prosecutor, to enforce laws aimed at public protection.” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (g). Accord Cal. Code Civ. Proc. § 425.16 (d) (similar). Finally, subsection (h) of the revised statute, which largely retains the language of former OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (f), provides: “Attorney’s fees and expenses of litigation under this Code section shall be requested by motion at any time during the course of the action but not later than 45 days after the final disposition, including but not lim...
...laintiff, of the action.” The only changes are the addition of the words “of litigation” after the word “expenses” and substitution of the word “shall” for the word “may” in the phrase “shall be requested.” The language of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (h) does not appear in California’s anti-SLAPP statute. 14 As noted above, in performing this analysis, “the court shall consider the pleadings and supporting and opposing affidavits stating the facts upon which the liability or defense is based. . . .” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (2). is whether the cause of action is based on the defendant’s protected free speech or petitioning activity.” Id. at 709 (emphasis in original). A defendant meets its burden by demonstrating that the act underlying the challenged claim “could reasonably be construed as” fitting within one of the categories spelled out in subsection (c). OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1). See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1)-(4); Navellier, 52 P3d at 708. If a court concludes that this threshold showing has been made, it must proceed to the second step of the analysis and decide whether the plaintiff “has established that there is a probability that the [plaintiff] will prevail on the claim.” OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...As explained above, the first step of the anti-SLAPP analysis is to decide whether the party or parties filing the anti-SLAPP motion — here, the defendants — made a threshold showing that the plaintiffs’ claims are ones “arising from” protected activity. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...that the plaintiffs’ claims are ones arising from protected activity by demonstrating that the acts underlying the claims “could reasonably be construed as” fitting within at least one of the four categories spelled out in subsection (c). OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1). See Navellier, 52 P3d at 709. OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (4) refers to “[a]ny other conduct in furtherance of the exercise of the constitutional right of petition or free speech in connection with a public issue or an issue of public concern.” The plaintiffs’ claims that the defen...
...2019) (discussing analogous catchall provision of California’s anti-SLAPP statute). Thus, running the ads could reasonably be construed as an act in furtherance of the defendants’ constitutional right of free speech in connection with a public issue or an issue of public concern, see OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (4), and the defendants therefore met their burden of making a threshold showing that the plaintiffs’ claims are ones arising from protected activity.15 15 Given our conclusion that the defendants met their burden to make...
...ng the anti- SLAPP motion — here, the plaintiffs — have established that there is a probability that they will prevail on their claims that the defendants violated OCGA § 31-7-3.2 (j), the UDTPA, and the false advertising statutes. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1)....
...plaintiffs’ showing as a matter of law. See City of Montebello, 376 P3d at 631. As noted above, the trial court concluded that the plaintiffs met could reasonably be construed as fitting within any of the other categories spelled out in the anti-SLAPP statute. See OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (c) (1)-(3). their burden at the second step of the anti-SLAPP analysis and therefore denied the defendants’ anti-SLAPP motion. The court quoted the relevant part of OCGA § 9-11-11.1 (b) (1) and then explained its reasoning only as follows: Here, Plaintiffs have demonstrated a probability of prevailing on their claim[s]....
...It is not entirely clear what the court meant by this passage, and a review of the transcript of the hearing on the anti-SLAPP motion does not add clarity. What is clear, however, is that the trial court did not properly apply the required step two analysis under OCGA § 9-11-11.1 with respect to the plaintiffs’ claims....

Grogan v. City of Dawsonville (Ga. 2019).

Published | Supreme Court of Georgia | Feb 4, 2019

...against Grogan for attorneys’ fees and for money had and received to recoup salary paid and other benefits provided to Grogan if the City prevailed before the superior court. Grogan moved to dismiss the City’s counterclaims under the Anti-SLAPP statute, OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
...If the underlying subject matter is covered, the party must follow the discretionary appeal procedure of OCGA § 5-6-35. Id.4 Grogan was not required to follow the interlocutory review process. He filed a notice of appeal from the denial of his motion to dismiss based on OCGA § 9-11-11.1. He was entitled to an immediate appeal pursuant to OCGA § 5-6- 34 (a) (13), which provides that a party may immediately appeal “[a]ll judgments or orders entered pursuant to Code Section 9-11-11.1.” Because Grogan was entitled to appeal under subsection (a) of OCGA § 5-6-34, the fact that the trial court’s order was not a final judgment — another kind of immediately appealable order listed in OCGA § 5-6-34 (a) — does not preclude our review....
...dismiss under the Anti-SLAPP statute, which alleged that the City filed the counterclaims to punish Grogan for exercising his constitutionally protected free speech and petition rights. In denying Grogan’s motion to dismiss filed pursuant to OCGA § 9-11-11.1, the superior court was not reviewing the decision of an administrative agency....
...dismiss was not raised until Grogan appealed the City’s removal action to the superior court. Rather than reviewing the City’s action, the superior court’s consideration of Grogan’s motion to dismiss involved a determination of whether the City’s counterclaim violated OCGA § 9-11-11.1....
...directly appealable under OCGA § 5-6-34 (a) [].”).5 The fact that Grogan also challenged the order dismissing his appeal and petition for certiorari from the City’s removal action as part of his direct appeal from the denial of his OCGA § 9-11-11.1 motion does not alter our conclusion. Under OCGA § 5-6-34 (d), 5 This is not a case where Grogan filed the motion to dismiss as a collateral attack on the City’s removal action, but was instead an attempt to challeng...
...Regardless of whether the superior court should have granted Grogan’s motion to dismiss the City’s counterclaims, the court erred in granting relief to the City. Grogan makes various arguments that the superior court erred in denying his motion to dismiss under OCGA § 9-11-11.1....