K.S.A. § 16a-6-113 (2026)
(UCCC) Civil actions by administrator
16a-6-113. (UCCC) Civil actions by administrator. (1) After demand, the administrator may bring a civil action against a creditor for all amounts of money, other than penalties, which a consumer or class of consumers has a right to recover explicitly granted by the provisions of K.S.A. 16a-1-101 et seq., and amendments thereto. The court shall order amounts recovered or recoverable under this subsection paid to each consumer or set off against such consumer's obligation. A consumer's action, other than a class action, takes precedence over a prior or subsequent action by the administrator with respect to the claim of that consumer. A consumer's class action takes precedence over a subsequent action by the administrator with respect to claims common to both actions but intervention by the administrator is authorized. An administrator's action on behalf of a class of consumers takes precedence over a consumer's subsequent class action with respect to claims common to both actions. When an action takes precedence over another action under this subsection, the other action may be stayed while the preceding action is pending and dismissed if the preceding action is dismissed with prejudice or results in a final judgment granting or denying the claim asserted in the preceding action.
(2) The administrator may bring a civil action against a creditor or a person acting on such creditor's or person's behalf to recover a civil penalty for willfully violating this act, and if the court finds that the defendant has engaged in a course of repeated and willful violations of this act, it may assess a civil penalty of no more than $5,000 per violation. Any civil action under this subsection shall be brought within two years following the violation.
History: L. 1973, ch. 85, § 106; L. 2024, ch. 6, § 112; January 1, 2025.
KANSAS COMMENT, 2010
1. The U3C explicitly grants a right of action to a consumer to recover actual damages and penalties for the violation of a number of its provisions. See K.S.A. 16a-5-201. In addition, subsection (1) of this section allows the administrator, after demand, to bring a civil action on behalf of one or more individual consumers in such cases, except for the recovery of penalties, in contemplation that in some number of these cases the administrator may be the only person with the necessary informational or monetary resources to prosecute an action properly, may be the only person who can adequately represent a group of consumers or, for other reasons, may be an appropriate person to litigate the question involved. If a consumer brings an action on behalf of himself or herself, that action takes precedence, whether initiated before or after the administrator's action. If the consumer brings a class action, it takes precedence if it is brought before an action by the administrator with respect to claims common to both actions, but the administrator is given the authority to intervene. If the administrator's action on behalf of a class of consumers is brought prior to that of the consumer, the administrator's action takes precedence with respect to claims common to both actions.
2. An action for a civil penalty under subsection (2) may be in lieu of or in addition to an action under subsection (1). The civil penalty under subsection (2) may be recovered for any violation of the U3C, including unconscionable or fraudulent conduct under K.S.A. 16a-6-111. The amount of the penalty to be imposed under subsection (2) is in the discretion of the court, but may not exceed $5,000; a penalty may be imposed only if it is found that the defendant has engaged in a course of repeated and willful violations of the U3C. Since this subsection confers a right of recovery on the administrator in that capacity, it prescribes its own statute of limitations. An unintentional and bona fide error defense is inapplicable since recovery can only be had for repeated and intentional violations. Contrast the standards for recovering civil penalties in private actions under K.S.A. 16a-5-201 and 16a-5-203 and in administrative proceedings under K.S.A. 16a-6-108(3)(b).
Attorney General's Opinions:
Recovery by the administrator. 80-122.
Finance charges; additional charges not included therein. 81-209.