K.S.A. » Chapter 21
Kansas Statutes Annotated

K.S.A. § 21-4710 (2026)

✓ current as of May 2026
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21-4710.

History: L. 1992, ch. 239, § 10; L. 1993, ch. 291, § 259; L. 1994, ch. 291, § 54; L. 1995, ch. 251, § 16; L. 2010, ch. 36, § 1; Repealed, L. 2011, ch. 30, § 288; July 1.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 135 cases (12 in the last 5 years), 1994–2024 · leading case: State v. Keel, 357 P.3d 251 (Kan. 2015).
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State v. Keel, 357 P.3d 251 (Kan. 2015). · cites it 24× “21-6810 (formerly K.S.A. 21-4710) and K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6811 (formerly K.”
State v. Arnett, 223 P.3d 780 (Kan. 2010). · cites it 16× “K.S.A. 21-4710, which defines a defendant’s criminal history for purposes of the Kansas sentencing grid, provides in relevant part: “Prior convictions of any crime shall not be counted in determining die criminal history category if they enhance the severity level or applicable…”
State v. Kelly, 318 P.3d 987 (Kan. 2014). · cites it 7× “Kelly acknowledges Lanning but claims it misinterpreted K.S.A. 1994 Supp. 21-4710 to the extent it held that a juvenile adjudication does not constitute a “prior conviction.”
State v. Roderick, 911 P.2d 159 (Kan. 1996). · cites it 17× “” Roderick points out that K.S.A. 1993 Supp. 21-4710 was amended twice by the legislature in 1994, first at L.”
State v. Boyer, 209 P.3d 705 (Kan. 2009). · cites it 20× “21-4710, which determines the criminal history score of an offender for purposes of sentencing under the Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Act, and the persistent sex offender provisions of K.S.A. 21-4704(j). K.S.A. 21-4710 determines an offender’s criminal history score for purposes…”
State v. Fowler, 457 P.3d 927 (Kan. 2020). · cites it 11× “In Vontress, this court interpreted K.S.A. 21-4710(d)(11), the predecessor statute to K.”
State v. Vega-Fuentes, 955 P.2d 1235 (Kan. 1998). · cites it 12× “) K.S.A. 1994 Supp. 21-4711, in pertinent part, provides: “In addition to the provisions of K.”
State v. Paul, 175 P.3d 840 (Kan. 2008). · cites it 6× “*668 Bandy considered the language in K.S.A. 21-4710 that defines “prior conviction” within the context of criminal history scores, concluding that “the legislature in determining a defendant’s criminal history in the KSGA is to allow all prior convictions regardless of the…”
State v. Luttig, 199 P.3d 793 (Kan. Ct. App. 2009). · cites it 18× “K.S.A. 21-4710(a) forbids the use of multiple convictions from the same information/complaint in determining criminal history, but the forgery statute's progressive penalty provisions contain no such analogous restrictions.”
State v. Wetrich, 412 P.3d 984 (Kan. 2018). · cites it 2× “Here, the crime severity level is not in dispute, but rather the issue on appeal involves the calculation of Wetrich's criminal history score that is employed on the horizontal axis of the sentencing grid.”
State v. Perez-Moran, 80 P.3d 361 (Kan. 2003). · cites it 13× “89,412, unpublished Court of Appeals opinion filed July 11, 2003 (adopting the reasoning of the Perez-Moran court in concluding that the use of the in-custody conviction to compute the defendant’s criminal history score did not violate K.S.A. 21-4710[d][ 11]). We agree.…”
State v. Taylor, 998 P.2d 123 (Kan. Ct. App. 2000). · cites it 13× “Although diere are no published appellate decisions in which these arguments were made, we suspect they were made at the trial court level because the legislature resolved die potential conflict in a 1995 amendment to K.S.A. 21-4710(d). After that *66 amendment was adopted, K.”
Show all 135 citing cases →
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(11) — 2 cases
State v. Moore, 55 P.3d 903 (Kan. 2002).
State v. Pottoroff, 96 P.3d 280 (Kan. Ct. App. 2004).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(a) — 52 cases
State v. Roderick, 911 P.2d 159 (Kan. 1996). “” Roderick points out that K.S.A. 1993 Supp. 21-4710 was amended twice by the legislature in 1994, first at L.”
State v. Keel, 357 P.3d 251 (Kan. 2015). “21-6810 (formerly K.S.A. 21-4710) and K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6811 (formerly K.”
State v. Boyer, 209 P.3d 705 (Kan. 2009). “21-4710, which determines the criminal history score of an offender for purposes of sentencing under the Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Act, and the persistent sex offender provisions of K.S.A. 21-4704(j). K.S.A. 21-4710 determines an offender’s criminal history score for purposes…”
State v. Arnett, 223 P.3d 780 (Kan. 2010). “K.S.A. 21-4710, which defines a defendant’s criminal history for purposes of the Kansas sentencing grid, provides in relevant part: “Prior convictions of any crime shall not be counted in determining die criminal history category if they enhance the severity level or applicable…”
State v. Paul, 175 P.3d 840 (Kan. 2008). “*668 Bandy considered the language in K.S.A. 21-4710 that defines “prior conviction” within the context of criminal history scores, concluding that “the legislature in determining a defendant’s criminal history in the KSGA is to allow all prior convictions regardless of the…”
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(b) — 2 cases
State v. Boyer, 209 P.3d 705 (Kan. 2009). “21-4710, which determines the criminal history score of an offender for purposes of sentencing under the Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Act, and the persistent sex offender provisions of K.S.A. 21-4704(j). K.S.A. 21-4710 determines an offender’s criminal history score for purposes…”
State v. Boyer, 191 P.3d 357 (Kan. Ct. App. 2008).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(c) — 7 cases
State v. Boyer, 209 P.3d 705 (Kan. 2009). “21-4710, which determines the criminal history score of an offender for purposes of sentencing under the Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Act, and the persistent sex offender provisions of K.S.A. 21-4704(j). K.S.A. 21-4710 determines an offender’s criminal history score for purposes…”
State v. Armstrong, 33 P.3d 246 (Kan. Ct. App. 2001).
State v. Deist, 239 P.3d 896 (Kan. Ct. App. 2010).
State v. Boyer, 191 P.3d 357 (Kan. Ct. App. 2008).
State v. Williams, 272 P.3d 1282 (Kan. Ct. App. 2012).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d) — 6 cases
State v. Pope, 927 P.2d 503 (Kan. Ct. App. 1996).
State v. Taylor, 998 P.2d 123 (Kan. Ct. App. 2000). “Although diere are no published appellate decisions in which these arguments were made, we suspect they were made at the trial court level because the legislature resolved die potential conflict in a 1995 amendment to K.S.A. 21-4710(d). After that *66 amendment was adopted, K.”
State v. Hodgden, 25 P.3d 138 (Kan. Ct. App. 2001).
State v. Armstrong, 33 P.3d 246 (Kan. Ct. App. 2001).
State v. Rapp, 992 P.2d 226 (Kan. Ct. App. 1999).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(1) — 2 cases
Harms v. Cline, 27 F. Supp. 3d 1173 (D. Kan. 2014).
State v. Prater, 65 P.3d 1048 (Kan. Ct. App. 2003).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(10) — 1 case
State v. Heath, 967 P.2d 775 (Kan. Ct. App. 1998).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(11) — 21 cases
State v. Fowler, 457 P.3d 927 (Kan. 2020). “In Vontress, this court interpreted K.S.A. 21-4710(d)(11), the predecessor statute to K.”
State v. Luttig, 199 P.3d 793 (Kan. Ct. App. 2009). “K.S.A. 21-4710(a) forbids the use of multiple convictions from the same information/complaint in determining criminal history, but the forgery statute's progressive penalty provisions contain no such analogous restrictions.”
State v. Arnett, 223 P.3d 780 (Kan. 2010). “K.S.A. 21-4710, which defines a defendant’s criminal history for purposes of the Kansas sentencing grid, provides in relevant part: “Prior convictions of any crime shall not be counted in determining die criminal history category if they enhance the severity level or applicable…”
State v. Zabrinas, 24 P.3d 77 (Kan. 2001).
State v. Vontress, 970 P.2d 42 (Kan. 1998).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(2) — 13 cases
State v. Hankins, 372 P.3d 1124 (Kan. 2016).
State v. Hodgden, 25 P.3d 138 (Kan. Ct. App. 2001).
State v. Boyer, 209 P.3d 705 (Kan. 2009). “21-4710, which determines the criminal history score of an offender for purposes of sentencing under the Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Act, and the persistent sex offender provisions of K.S.A. 21-4704(j). K.S.A. 21-4710 determines an offender’s criminal history score for purposes…”
State v. MacIas, 39 P.3d 85 (Kan. Ct. App. 2002).
State v. Hankins, 319 P.3d 571 (Kan. Ct. App. 2014).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(3) — 2 cases
State v. Heath, 901 P.2d 29 (Kan. Ct. App. 1995).
State v. Jarvis, 38 P.3d 742 (Kan. Ct. App. 2002).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(4) — 6 cases
State v. Keel, 357 P.3d 251 (Kan. 2015). “21-6810 (formerly K.S.A. 21-4710) and K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6811 (formerly K.”
State v. Garcia, 283 P.3d 165 (Kan. 2012).
State v. Boyer, 209 P.3d 705 (Kan. 2009). “21-4710, which determines the criminal history score of an offender for purposes of sentencing under the Kansas Sentencing Guidelines Act, and the persistent sex offender provisions of K.S.A. 21-4704(j). K.S.A. 21-4710 determines an offender’s criminal history score for purposes…”
State v. Murray, 916 P.2d 712 (Kan. Ct. App. 1996).
State v. Boyer, 191 P.3d 357 (Kan. Ct. App. 2008).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(5) — 1 case
State v. Murray, 916 P.2d 712 (Kan. Ct. App. 1996).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(6) — 4 cases
State v. Keel, 357 P.3d 251 (Kan. 2015). “21-6810 (formerly K.S.A. 21-4710) and K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6811 (formerly K.”
State v. Heath, 901 P.2d 29 (Kan. Ct. App. 1995).
State v. Sheppard, 444 P.3d 1006 (Kan. Ct. App. 2019).
State v. Moore (Kan. Ct. App. 2022).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(7) — 7 cases
State v. Vega-Fuentes, 955 P.2d 1235 (Kan. 1998). “) K.S.A. 1994 Supp. 21-4711, in pertinent part, provides: “In addition to the provisions of K.”
State v. Keel, 357 P.3d 251 (Kan. 2015). “21-6810 (formerly K.S.A. 21-4710) and K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6811 (formerly K.”
State v. Lackey, 246 P.3d 998 (Kan. Ct. App. 2011).
State v. Briggs, 950 P.2d 273 (Kan. Ct. App. 1997).
State v. Dunn, 900 P.2d 245 (Kan. Ct. App. 1995).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(8) — 9 cases
State v. Keel, 357 P.3d 251 (Kan. 2015). “21-6810 (formerly K.S.A. 21-4710) and K.S.A. 2014 Supp. 21-6811 (formerly K.”
State v. Waggoner, 343 P.3d 530 (Kan. Ct. App. 2015).
State v. Dickey, 350 P.3d 1054 (Kan. 2015).
State v. Dickey, 329 P.3d 1230 (Kan. Ct. App. 2014).
State v. Smith, 303 P.3d 716 (Kan. Ct. App. 2013).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(9) — 3 cases
State v. Terrell, 488 P.3d 520 (Kan. Ct. App. 2021).
State v. McIntyre (Kan. Ct. App. 2022).
State v. Jackson (Kan. Ct. App. 2021).
— K.S.A. § 21-4710(d)(ll) — 32 cases
State v. Arnett, 223 P.3d 780 (Kan. 2010). “K.S.A. 21-4710, which defines a defendant’s criminal history for purposes of the Kansas sentencing grid, provides in relevant part: “Prior convictions of any crime shall not be counted in determining die criminal history category if they enhance the severity level or applicable…”
State v. Kelly, 318 P.3d 987 (Kan. 2014). “Kelly acknowledges Lanning but claims it misinterpreted K.S.A. 1994 Supp. 21-4710 to the extent it held that a juvenile adjudication does not constitute a “prior conviction.”
State v. Perez-Moran, 80 P.3d 361 (Kan. 2003). “89,412, unpublished Court of Appeals opinion filed July 11, 2003 (adopting the reasoning of the Perez-Moran court in concluding that the use of the in-custody conviction to compute the defendant’s criminal history score did not violate K.S.A. 21-4710[d][ 11]). We agree.…”
State v. Taylor, 998 P.2d 123 (Kan. Ct. App. 2000). “Although diere are no published appellate decisions in which these arguments were made, we suspect they were made at the trial court level because the legislature resolved die potential conflict in a 1995 amendment to K.S.A. 21-4710(d). After that *66 amendment was adopted, K.”
State v. Smith, 327 P.3d 441 (Kan. 2014).
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