Massachusetts General Laws

Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1 (2026)

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✓ current as of July 2026

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Section 1. The following words, as used in this chapter unless the text otherwise requires or a different meaning is specifically required, shall mean—

(a) ''Person'' shall include, where applicable, natural persons, corporations, trusts, partnerships, incorporated or unincorporated associations, and any other legal entity.

(b) ''Trade'' and ''commerce'' shall include the advertising, the offering for sale, rent or lease, the sale, rent, lease or distribution of any services and any property, tangible or intangible, real, personal or mixed, any security as defined in subparagraph (k) of section four hundred and one of chapter one hundred and ten A and any contract of sale of a commodity for future delivery, and any other article, commodity, or thing of value wherever situate, and shall include any trade or commerce directly or indirectly affecting the people of this commonwealth.

(c) ''Documentary material'' shall include the original or a copy of any book, record, report, memorandum, paper, communication, tabulation, map, chart, photograph, mechanical transcription, or other tangible document or recording, wherever situate.

(d) ''Examination of documentary material'', the inspection, study, or copying of any such material, and the taking of testimony under oath or acknowledgment in respect of any such documentary material.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 112 cases (25 in the last 5 years), 1974–2026 · leading case: Milliken & Co. v. Duro Textiles, LLC, 887 N.E.2d 244 (Mass. 2008).

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Milliken & Co. v. Duro Textiles, LLC, 887 N.E.2d 244 (Mass. 2008). · cites it 2× “As a legal matter, such contact did not constitute “trade” or “commerce” as defined in G. L. c. 93A, § 1 (b). See note 17, supra.”

Ciardi v. F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd., 436 Mass. 53 (Mass. 2002). · cites it 2× “11 G. L. c. 93A, § 1. The broad language of G.”

In re Gen. Motors LLC Ignition Switch Litig., 257 F. Supp. 3d 372 (S.D.N.Y. 2017). “Companion and Leger bring claims against New GM under the Massachusetts Consumer Protection Act (“Massachusetts CPA”), Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1 et seq. (FACC ¶¶ 3769-3793); for common law fraud by concealment (id.”

In Re Lorazepam & Clorazepate Antitrust Litig., 295 F. Supp. 2d 30 (D.D.C. 2003). · cites it 2× “Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 9, § 11. Complaint* ¶ 115.”

Schinkel v. Maxi-Holding, Inc., 565 N.E.2d 1219 (Mass. App. Ct. 1991). · cites it 2× “8 That act amended G. L. c. 93A, § 1, to include within the definition of “trade” and “commerce” “any security as defined in subparagraph (k) of [G.”

Richards v. Direct Energy Servs., LLC, 915 F.3d 88 (2d Cir. 2019). “§ 42 -110b(a), and the Massachusetts Regulation of Business Practices for Consumers' Protection Act, Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1. He sought to certify a class of similarly situated Direct Energy customers who lived in Connecticut and Massachusetts.”

Linkage Corp. v. Trs. of Boston Univ., 679 N.E.2d 191 (Mass. 1997). “93A, § 11, applies to any “person who engages in the conduct of any trade or commerce,” as defined in G. L. c. 93A, § 1 (¿ ) (emphasis added). This section provides that “[t]rade” and “commerce” include “the sale, rent, lease or distribution of any services and any property”…”

Commonwealth v. DeCotis, 316 N.E.2d 748 (Mass. 1974). · cites it 2× “93A does not apply to their activities occurring during the period dealt with at trial because they were not engaged in “any trade or commerce” as defined in G. L. c. 93A, § 1, as then amended. The unfair or deceptive acts or practices which are declared unlawful by G.”

Klairmont v. Gainsboro Restaurant, Inc., 465 Mass. 165 (Mass. 2013). “See G. L. c. 93A, § 1 (b) (“ ‘Trade’ and ‘commerce’ shall include .”

Wade v. Jobe, 818 P.2d 1006 (Utah 1991). · cites it 2× “2d 1215, 1221 (1982) (citing Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. ch. 93A, §§ 1 to 3); Smolen v.”

In Re Pharm. Indus. Average Wholesale Price Litig., 491 F. Supp. 2d 20 (D. Mass. 2007). “” Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1. 51 . See Arruda Aff.”

Lantner v. Carson, 373 N.E.2d 973 (Mass. 1978). “” G. L. c. 93A, § 1 (b). We conclude, however, that as broadly and expansively as the statute applies to the regulation of *608 business practices, see Slaney v.”

Show all 112 citing cases →

— Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1(6) — 2 cases

Granby Heights Ass'n v. Dean, 647 N.E.2d 75 (Mass. App. Ct. 1995).

Eisenberg v. Phoenix Ass'n Mgmt., Inc., 10 Mass. L. Rptr. 345 (Mass. Super. Ct. 1999).

— Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1(a) — 9 cases

In Re Lorazepam & Clorazepate Antitrust Litig., 295 F. Supp. 2d 30 (D.D.C. 2003). “Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 9, § 11. Complaint* ¶ 115.”

M. O'Connor Contracting, Inc. v. City of Brockton, 809 N.E.2d 1062 (Mass. App. Ct. 2004).

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung der Wissen-Schaften E.V. v. Whitehead Inst. for Biomedical Rsch., 850 F. Supp. 2d 317 (D. Mass. 2011).

Repub. of Turkey v. OKS Partners, 797 F. Supp. 64 (D. Mass. 1992).

C.A. Acquisition Newco LLC v. DHL Express (USA), Inc., 795 F. Supp. 2d 140 (D. Mass. 2011).

— Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1(b) — 22 cases

In Re Lorazepam & Clorazepate Antitrust Litig., 295 F. Supp. 2d 30 (D.D.C. 2003). “Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 9, § 11. Complaint* ¶ 115.”

Schinkel v. Maxi-Holding, Inc., 565 N.E.2d 1219 (Mass. App. Ct. 1991). “8 That act amended G. L. c. 93A, § 1, to include within the definition of “trade” and “commerce” “any security as defined in subparagraph (k) of [G.”

Ansin v. River Oaks Furniture, Inc., 105 F.3d 745 (1st Cir. 1997).

Bolen v. Paragon Plastics, Inc., 754 F. Supp. 221 (D. Mass. 1990).

Incase, Inc. v. Timex Corp., 421 F. Supp. 2d 226 (D. Mass. 2006).

— Mass. Gen. Laws ch. 93A, § 1(h) — 2 cases

Brennan v. Kos, 446 N.E.2d 1082 (Mass. App. Ct. 1983).

Hawley v. Preferred Mut. Ins. Co., 36 N.E.3d 1284 (Mass. App. Ct. 2015).

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