Mississippi Code

Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (2026)

Teachers or sworn law enforcement officers charged with committing crime while in the performance of duties; certain procedural requirements to be met prior to issuance of arrest warrant

✓ current as of July 2026

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(1)
- (a)
  - (i) Except as provided in subsection (2) of this section, before an arrest warrant shall be issued against any teacher who is a licensed public school employee as defined in Section 37-9-1, a certified jail officer as defined in Section 45-4-9, a counselor at an adolescent opportunity program created under Section 43-27-201 et seq., or a sworn law enforcement officer within this state as defined in Section 45-6-3 for a criminal act, whether misdemeanor or felony, which is alleged to have occurred while the teacher, jail officer, counselor at an adolescent opportunity program or law enforcement officer was in the performance of official duties, a probable cause hearing shall be held before a circuit court judge. The purpose of the hearing shall be to determine if adequate probable cause exists for the issuance of a warrant. All parties testifying in these proceedings shall do so under oath. The accused shall have the right to enter an appearance at the hearing, represented by legal counsel at his own expense, to hear the accusations and evidence against him; he may present evidence or testify in his own behalf.
  - (ii) The authority receiving any such charge or complaint against a teacher, jail officer, counselor at an adolescent offender program or law enforcement officer shall immediately present same to the county prosecuting attorney having jurisdiction who shall immediately present the charge or complaint to a circuit judge in the judicial district where the action arose for disposition pursuant to this section.
- (b) For any person not covered under paragraph (a) of this subsection, before an arrest warrant based on the criminal complaint of a person who is not a law enforcement officer acting in the officer's official capacity may be issued against the person for an alleged criminal act, whether misdemeanor or felony, the appropriate judge must make a determination, with or without a hearing, as to whether the affidavit clearly identifies probable cause to believe that the offense alleged has been committed, at the discretion of the court. If the judge elects to hold a probable cause hearing, parties testifying shall do so under oath and the accused shall have the right to enter an appearance, be represented by legal counsel at his own expense, to hear the accusations and evidence against him, and may present evidence or testify in his own behalf.

(2) Nothing in this section shall prohibit the issuance of an arrest warrant by a circuit court judge upon presentation of probable cause, without the holding of a probable cause hearing, if adequate evidence is presented to satisfy the court that there is a significant risk that the accused will flee the court's jurisdiction or that the accused poses a threat to the safety or well-being of the public.

(3) Nothing in this section shall prohibit a law enforcement officer from arresting any person under circumstances in which the law enforcement officer would not be required to seek a warrant from a court.

Laws, 2001, ch. 566, § 3; Laws, 2002, ch. 488, § 1; Laws, 2004, ch. 486, § 1, eff. 7/1/2004.

Amended by Laws, 2020, ch. 334, SB 2061,§ 1, eff. 7/1/2020.

Amended by Laws, 2015, ch. 330, HB 404, 2, eff. 7/1/2015.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 9 cases (4 in the last 5 years), 2007–2026 · leading case: State v. Delaney, 52 So. 3d 348 (Miss. 2011).

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State v. Delaney, 52 So. 3d 348 (Miss. 2011). · cites it 36× “Miss.Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (Rev.2007). ¶ 4.”

Henry v. Mississippi Dept. of Emp., 962 So. 2d 94 (Miss. Ct. App. 2007). · cites it 2× “Miss.Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (Rev.2006). The circuit court properly concluded that the criminal allegations were beyond the scope of Henry's appeal.”

Matthew Wallace v. State of Mississippi (Miss. 2023). · cites it 44× “Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (1)(a)(i) (Rev.”

State of Mississippi v. Johnny Delaney (Miss. 2009). · cites it 32× “Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (Rev. 2007). ¶4.”

Michael D. Jackson a/k/a Michael Jackson v. State of Mississippi; (Miss. Ct. App. 2020). · cites it 16× “The jury found Jackson guilty of exploitation of a minor. Jackson appeals. ANALYSIS 5 The actual objection and its analysis will be addressed fully in part two of this opinion’s analysis section.”

Bonds v. Woodall (S.D. Miss. 2025). · cites it 6× “Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (1)(a). Plaintiff’s complaint explains that she “was incarcerated in the Pike County jail from April 13, 2023, until April 19, 2023, without any offer or provision of a probable cause hearing.”

Rogers v. Mississippi Dep't of Corr. (N.D. Miss. 2021). · cites it 2× “Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28 . 2 According to the defendants, there was a history of friction between Rogers and Superintendent Lee which had been addressed without success by top MDOC officials, and Rogers was terminated due to his inability to get along with MSP staff and its…”

Thomas (N.D. Miss. 2026). “§ 2244 (d)(1)(D) because the factual predicate of [his] claims— challenging the alleged “defective plea colloquy (no explanation of a critical element; wrong statute cited on the plea form; confusing habitual-offender advisement), the prosecutor’s off-record remark at…”

Brown v. Town of Dekalb, Miss., 519 F. Supp. 2d 635 (S.D. Miss. 2007). “for a criminal act, whether a misdemeanor or felony.” In response to Brown’s affidavit against Jowers, a probable cause hearing was held in the state circuit court.”

— Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28(1)(a) — 2 cases

Michael D. Jackson a/k/a Michael Jackson v. State of Mississippi; (Miss. Ct. App. 2020). “The jury found Jackson guilty of exploitation of a minor. Jackson appeals. ANALYSIS 5 The actual objection and its analysis will be addressed fully in part two of this opinion’s analysis section.”

Bonds v. Woodall (S.D. Miss. 2025). “Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (1)(a). Plaintiff’s complaint explains that she “was incarcerated in the Pike County jail from April 13, 2023, until April 19, 2023, without any offer or provision of a probable cause hearing.”

— Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28(1)(a)(i) — 1 case

Matthew Wallace v. State of Mississippi (Miss. 2023). “Miss. Code Ann. § 99-3-28 (1)(a)(i) (Rev.”

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