Ohio Rev. Code » Chapter 2305
Ohio Revised Code

Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.011 (2026)

Standing of nature or ecosystem

✓ current as of May 2026
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Effective:
October 17, 2019
Latest Legislation:
House Bill 166 - 133rd General Assembly
PDF:
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(A) As used in this section:

(1) "Nature" means the phenomena of the physical world collectively, including plants, animals, the landscape, other features and products of the earth, the natural environment or wilderness, and generally areas that are not human or human creations, have not been substantially altered by humans, or that persist despite human intervention.

(2) "Ecosystem" means a complex community of living organisms in conjunction with their physical environments, all interacting and linked together as a system through nutrient cycles and energy flows in a particular unit of space.

(B) Nature or any ecosystem does not have standing to participate in or bring an action in any court of common pleas.

(C)(1) No person, on behalf of or representing nature or an ecosystem, shall bring an action in any court of common pleas.

(2) No person shall bring an action in any court of common pleas against a person who is acting on behalf of or representing nature or an ecosystem.

(3) No person, on behalf of or representing nature or an ecosystem, shall intervene in any manner, such as by filing a counterclaim, cross-claim, or third-party complaint, in any action brought in any court of common pleas.

(D) Nothing in this section shall be construed to prevent the state or any of its agencies from enforcing the laws pertaining to environmental pollution, conservation, wild animals, or other natural communities or ecosystems.
Notes of Decisions
Cited in 6 cases (1 in the last 5 years), 1999–2024 · leading case: State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward, 715 N.E.2d 1062 (Ohio 1999).
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State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward, 715 N.E.2d 1062 (Ohio 1999). · cites it 9× “Under R.C. 2305.011, the certificate of merit must be filed within ninety days after the later of the filing of a responsive pleading or compliance with discovery requests for the production of the appropriate medical or professional records.”
State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward, 1999 Ohio 123 (Ohio 1999). · cites it 9× “202), certificates of merit (R.C. 2305.011), wrongful death (R.C. 2125.”
State v. Powell, 2024 Ohio 4923 (Ohio Ct. App. 2024). · cites it 2× “03(F) and R.C. 2305.011, the domestic relations court had subject matter jurisdiction over petitions for protection orders brought under R.”
Upper Valley Med. Centers v. Reinhart, 718 N.E.2d 925 (Ohio 1999). · cites it 2× “2d 1062 , upon which the majority relies herein in reversing the appellate court’s holding that R.C. 2305.011(A) is not unconstitutionally vague.”
Banfield v. Brodell, 862 N.E.2d 129 (Ohio Ct. App. 2006). “{¶ 15} Former R.C. 2305.011 contained similar requirements, but that statute was repealed on July 6, 2001.”
Upper Valley Med. Ctrs. v. Reinhart, 1999 Ohio 20 (Ohio 1999). · cites it 2× “011, at issue in this case, addresses the single subject of tort reform. {¶ 7} Among other things, R.”
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.011(A) — 4 cases
State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward, 715 N.E.2d 1062 (Ohio 1999). “Under R.C. 2305.011, the certificate of merit must be filed within ninety days after the later of the filing of a responsive pleading or compliance with discovery requests for the production of the appropriate medical or professional records.”
State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward, 1999 Ohio 123 (Ohio 1999). “202), certificates of merit (R.C. 2305.011), wrongful death (R.C. 2125.”
Upper Valley Med. Centers v. Reinhart, 718 N.E.2d 925 (Ohio 1999). “2d 1062 , upon which the majority relies herein in reversing the appellate court’s holding that R.C. 2305.011(A) is not unconstitutionally vague.”
Upper Valley Med. Ctrs. v. Reinhart, 1999 Ohio 20 (Ohio 1999). “011, at issue in this case, addresses the single subject of tort reform. {¶ 7} Among other things, R.”
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.011(B) — 2 cases
State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward, 715 N.E.2d 1062 (Ohio 1999). “Under R.C. 2305.011, the certificate of merit must be filed within ninety days after the later of the filing of a responsive pleading or compliance with discovery requests for the production of the appropriate medical or professional records.”
State ex rel. Ohio Academy of Trial Lawyers v. Sheward, 1999 Ohio 123 (Ohio 1999). “202), certificates of merit (R.C. 2305.011), wrongful death (R.C. 2125.”
— Ohio Rev. Code § 2305.011(B)(2) — 1 case
State v. Powell, 2024 Ohio 4923 (Ohio Ct. App. 2024). “03(F) and R.C. 2305.011, the domestic relations court had subject matter jurisdiction over petitions for protection orders brought under R.”
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