Tenn. Code Ann. » Tenn. Code / Title 39 / Chapter 12 / Part 3
Tennessee Code Annotated

Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-12-302 (2026)

Higher classification for crime of force or violence when acting in concert

✓ current as of May 2026
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Acts 2012, ch. 725, § 3.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 12 cases (8 in the last 5 years), 2015–2025 · leading case: State of Tennessee v. Kavasia S. Bonds & Charles Allen Jones (Tenn. Crim. App. 2021).
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State of Tennessee v. Kavasia S. Bonds & Charles Allen Jones (Tenn. Crim. App. 2021). · cites it 3× “Tennessee Code Annotated section 39-12-302 provides that “[a] crime of force or violence committed while acting in concert with two (2) or more other persons shall be classified one (1) classification higher than if it was committed alone.”
State of Tennessee v. Lenardo Dewayne Spencer, Reginald Tyrone Baxter, Jr., & Deandre Jajuan Dean (Tenn. Crim. App. 2017). · cites it 2× “” Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-12-302 (a). According to the Tennessee Supreme Court, “whether a taking is properly characterized as a theft or a robbery is contingent upon whether and when violence or fear is imposed.”
State of Tennessee v. Leon Denton & Devan Denton (Tenn. Crim. App. 2017). · cites it 2× “” Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-12-302 (a). The proof at trial, viewed in the light most favorable to the State, showed that the defendants participated in the robbery of C.”
State of Tennessee v. German Calles (Tenn. Crim. App. 2018). · cites it 2× “See Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-12-302 (a); 39- 13-102(e)(1)(A); 40-35-112(a)(2).”
State of Tennessee v. Brandon D. Middlebrook (Tenn. Crim. App. 2021). · cites it 2× “” T.C.A. § 39-12-302(a). -4- had never seen before.”
State of Tennessee v. Joshua Williams (Tenn. Crim. App. 2021). · cites it 2× “See Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-12-302 (a); 39-13-102(e)(1)(A).”
State of Tennessee v. James R. Trent, III (Tenn. Crim. App. 2022). · cites it 2× “Tennessee Code Annotated section 39-12-302 provides that “[a] crime of force or violence committed while acting in concert with two or more other persons shall be classified one classification higher than if it was committed alone.”
State of Tennessee v. William Flynn (Tenn. Crim. App. 2024). · cites it 2× “Tennessee Code Annotated section 39-12-302 provides that “[a] crime of force or violence committed while acting in concert with two or more other persons shall be classified one classification higher than if it was committed alone.”
State of Tennessee v. Shanada Nicole Snipes (Tenn. Crim. App. 2024). · cites it 2× “See Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-12-302 (a). -2- also said in the report that she successfully completed a drug treatment program in December 2019.”
State of Tennessee v. Mitchell Hopkins (Tenn. Crim. App. 2025). · cites it 2× “Tenn. Code Ann. §§ 39-12-302 (a); 39-13-102(c)(1)(A)(ii) (Supp.”
State of Tennessee v. James Antonio Bagwell (Tenn. Crim. App. 2015). · cites it 2× “See Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-12-302 (a). -8- II. Analysis A.”
State of Tennessee v. Serena N. Hammond (Tenn. Crim. App. 2025). “§§ 39-12-302(a), -13-1003(b). The sentencing range for Class B felonies committed by a standard offender is eight to twelve years.”
— Tenn. Code Ann. § 39-12-302(a) — 3 cases
State of Tennessee v. Brandon D. Middlebrook (Tenn. Crim. App. 2021). “” T.C.A. § 39-12-302(a). -4- had never seen before.”
State of Tennessee v. Kavasia S. Bonds & Charles Allen Jones (Tenn. Crim. App. 2021). “Tennessee Code Annotated section 39-12-302 provides that “[a] crime of force or violence committed while acting in concert with two (2) or more other persons shall be classified one (1) classification higher than if it was committed alone.”
State of Tennessee v. Serena N. Hammond (Tenn. Crim. App. 2025). “§§ 39-12-302(a), -13-1003(b). The sentencing range for Class B felonies committed by a standard offender is eight to twelve years.”
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