Texas Codes

Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101 (2026)

General Powers

✓ current as of May 2026
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Sec. 2.101. GENERAL POWERS. Except as otherwise provided by this code, a domestic entity has the same powers as an individual to take action necessary or convenient to carry out its business and affairs. Except as otherwise provided by this code, the powers of a domestic entity include the power to:

(1) sue, be sued, and defend suit in the entity's business name;

(2) have and alter a seal and use the seal or a facsimile of it by impressing, affixing, or reproducing it;

(3) acquire, receive, own, hold, improve, use, and deal in and with property or an interest in property;

(4) sell, convey, mortgage, pledge, lease, exchange, and otherwise dispose of property;

(5) make contracts and guarantees;

(6) incur liabilities, borrow money, issue notes, bonds, or other obligations, which may be convertible into, or include the option to purchase, other securities or ownership interests in the entity, and secure its obligations by mortgaging or pledging its property, franchises, or income;

(7) lend money, invest its funds, and receive and hold property as security for repayment;

(8) acquire its own bonds, debentures, or other evidences of indebtedness or obligations;

(9) acquire its own ownership interests, regardless of whether redeemable, and hold the ownership interests as treasury ownership interests or cancel or dispose of the ownership interests;

(10) be a promoter, organizer, owner, partner, member, associate, or manager of an organization;

(11) acquire, receive, own, hold, vote, use, pledge, and dispose of ownership interests in or securities issued by another person;

(12) conduct its business, locate its offices, and exercise the powers granted by this code to further its purposes, in or out of this state;

(13) lend money to, and otherwise assist, its managerial officials, owners, members, or employees as necessary or appropriate if the loan or assistance reasonably may be expected to benefit, directly or indirectly, the entity;

(14) elect or appoint officers and agents of the entity, establish the length of their terms, define their duties, and fix their compensation;

(15) pay pensions and establish pension plans, pension trusts, profit-sharing plans, bonus plans, and incentive plans for managerial officials, owners, members, or employees or former managerial officials, owners, members, or employees;

(16) indemnify and maintain liability insurance for managerial officials, owners, members, employees, and agents of the entity or the entity's affiliate;

(17) adopt and amend governing documents for managing the affairs of the entity subject to applicable law;

(18) make donations for the public welfare or for a charitable, scientific, or educational purpose;

(19) voluntarily wind up its business and activities and terminate its existence;

(20) transact business or take action that will aid governmental policy;

(21) renounce, in its certificate of formation or by action of its governing authority, an interest or expectancy of the entity in, or an interest or expectancy of the entity in being offered an opportunity to participate in, specified business opportunities or a specified class or category of business opportunities presented to the entity or one or more of its managerial officials or owners; and

(22) take other action necessary or appropriate to further the purposes of the entity.

Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. 182, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 2006.

Amended by:

Acts 2005, 79th Leg., Ch. 64 (H.B. 1319), Sec. 5, eff. January 1, 2006.

Acts 2007, 80th Leg., R.S., Ch. 688 (H.B. 1737), Sec. 7, eff. September 1, 2007.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 19 cases (8 in the last 5 years), 2009–2025 · leading case: Reid Road Mun. Util. Dist. No. 2 v. Speedy Stop Food Stores, Ltd., 337 S.W.3d 846 (Tex. 2011).
Reid Road Mun. Util. Dist. No. 2 v. Speedy Stop Food Stores, Ltd., 337 S.W.3d 846 (Tex. 2011). · cites it 2× “TEX. BUS. ORGS.CODE § 2.101. An organization takes action through its agents.”
Lee C. Ritchie v. Ann Caldwell Rupe, as Tr. for the Dallas Gordon Rupe, III 1995 Fam. Trust, 443 S.W.3d 856 (Tex. 2014). “See Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(5). In fact, the Business Organizations Code expressly permits corporate shareholders to memorialize the terms of employment for a director, officer, or other employee in a shareholders’ agreement.”
Elec Reliability Council v. Phillips, 101 F.4th 369 (5th Cir. 2024). · cites it 2× “See Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(1). This factor weighs against classi- fying ERCOT as an arm of the state.”
In Re Red River Energy, Inc., 409 B.R. 163 (Bankr. S.D. Tex. 2009). “, Tex. Bus. Orgs.Code Ann. § 2.101; Del.Code Ann.”
David A. Skeels v. Jonathan T. Suder, Michael T. Cooke, & Friedman, Suder & Cooke, P.C. (Tex. App. 2021). “” Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code Ann. § 2.101 (9). A shareholder of a professional corporation may freely transfer his shares to the entity, another of the entity’s shareholders, or another licensed member of the same profession unless the professional corporation has limited the right of…”
Wellness & Aesthetics Inst., PA & the Est. of Constantine Kotsanis v. JB&B Capital, LLC (Tex. App. 2023). “denied); see also Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code Ann. § 2.101 (3) their respective membership interest, are assignees of the membership interest.”
Marin Holdings Int'l Ltd. v. Frontera Offshore, Inc. (E.D. La. 2019). “See Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101 (conferring general powers to Texas corporations to sue and be sued and make contracts and guarantees).”
Clinton W. (\buddy\") Pike (2020). “15 See TEX. BUS. ORGS. CODE § 2.101; Grain Dealers Mut.”
Hopkins v. Wayside Schs. (5th Cir. 2024). “However, the Springboards court distinguished Perez on alternative grounds, noting that IDEA conceded that it had a history of suing in its own name, which weighed against immunity. 62 F.4th at 182.”
River Creek Dev. Corp. & City of Hutto, Texas v. Preston Hollow Capital, LLC 79 HCD Dev., LLC Pub. Fin. Auth. & U.S. Bank Nat'l Ass'n (Tex. App. 2024). “006 (providing that “Texas Non-Profit Corporation Act,” now codified in Texas Business Organizations Code, applies to corporations “to the extent that” its provisions “are not inconsistent with” Chapter 431); Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101 (granting nonprofit corporation power to…”
— Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(1) — 2 cases
Elec Reliability Council v. Phillips, 101 F.4th 369 (5th Cir. 2024). “See Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(1). This factor weighs against classi- fying ERCOT as an arm of the state.”
Hopkins v. Wayside Schs. (5th Cir. 2024). “However, the Springboards court distinguished Perez on alternative grounds, noting that IDEA conceded that it had a history of suing in its own name, which weighed against immunity. 62 F.4th at 182.”
— Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(19) — 1 case
— Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(3) — 3 cases
— Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(5) — 1 case
Lee C. Ritchie v. Ann Caldwell Rupe, as Tr. for the Dallas Gordon Rupe, III 1995 Fam. Trust, 443 S.W.3d 856 (Tex. 2014). “See Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(5). In fact, the Business Organizations Code expressly permits corporate shareholders to memorialize the terms of employment for a director, officer, or other employee in a shareholders’ agreement.”
— Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(6) — 1 case
Elec Reliability Council v. Phillips, 101 F.4th 369 (5th Cir. 2024). “See Tex. Bus. Orgs. Code § 2.101(1). This factor weighs against classi- fying ERCOT as an arm of the state.”
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