Tex. Codes » Penal Code · TITLE 7. OFFENSES AGAINST PROPERTY · CHAPTER 31. THEFT
Texas Codes

Tex. Penal Code § 31.02 (2026)

Consolidation Of Theft Offenses

✓ current as of May 2026
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Sec. 31.02. CONSOLIDATION OF THEFT OFFENSES. Theft as defined in Section 31.03 constitutes a single offense superseding the separate offenses previously known as theft, theft by false pretext, conversion by a bailee, theft from the person, shoplifting, acquisition of property by threat, swindling, swindling by worthless check, embezzlement, extortion, receiving or concealing embezzled property, and receiving or concealing stolen property.

Acts 1973, 63rd Leg., p. 883, ch. 399, Sec. 1, eff. Jan. 1, 1974. Amended by Acts 1993, 73rd Leg., ch. 900, Sec. 1.01, eff. Sept. 1, 1994.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 43 cases (5 in the last 5 years), 1982–2026 · leading case: Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29 (2009).
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Nijhawan v. Holder, 557 U.S. 29 (2009). “, Tex. Penal Code Ann. §§31.02 (West 1994), 31.”
Hendrix v. State, 150 S.W.3d 839 (Tex. App. 2004). · cites it 2× “TEX. PEN.CODE ANN. § 31.02 (Vernon 1994).”
Plata v. State, 926 S.W.2d 300 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996). · cites it 2× “" Texas Penal Code § 31.02(5)(1993)[now (4)].”
State of Iowa v. Betty Ann Nall, 894 N.W.2d 514 (Iowa 2017). “); Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 31.02 (West, Westlaw current through 2015 Reg.”
Jones v. State, 493 A.2d 1062 (Md. 1985). · cites it 2× “22 § 30A-15 (1979); Tex.Penal Code Ann. § 31.02 (Vernon 1980); Utah Code Ann.”
Nielsen v. State, 836 S.W.2d 245 (Tex. App. 1992). · cites it 4× “Nielsen did not attempt to contact or make payment to the rental agency before or after this time.”
Dixon v. State, 43 S.W.3d 548 (Tex. App. 2001). “Tex.Pen.Code Ann. § 31.02 (Vernon 1994). The elements of theft by possession of stolen property are (1) the person appropriated property (i.”
Franklin v. State, 219 S.W.3d 92 (Tex. App. 2006). · cites it 2× “2d at 622 ; see also Tex. Pen.Code Ann. § 31.02 (Vernon 2003).”
In Re Johnson, 150 S.W.3d 267 (Tex. App. 2004). · cites it 2× “" TEX. PENAL CODE ANN. § 31.02 (Vernon 2003).”
Cardiel, 25 I. & N. Dec. 12 (BIA 2009). “”); Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 31.02 (Vernon 1994) (“Theft as defined in Section 31.”
Jones v. State, 979 S.W.2d 652 (Tex. Crim. App. 1998). “Tex. Penal Code Ann. § 31.02 sets out the text of the consolidated theft offense: Theft as defined in Section 31.”
Alexander v. State, 823 S.W.2d 754 (Tex. App. 1992). · cites it 2× “Patterson, Practice Commentary, Tex.Penal Code Ann. § 31.02 (1989). A comparison of the theft and unauthorized-use sections of the code illustrates that the mens rea element in § 31.”
Show all 43 citing cases →
— Tex. Penal Code § 31.02(5)(1993) — 1 case
Plata v. State, 926 S.W.2d 300 (Tex. Crim. App. 1996). “" Texas Penal Code § 31.02(5)(1993)[now (4)].”
— Tex. Penal Code § 31.02(a) — 1 case
Ronnie McMullen A/K/A Ronnie Barnes v. State (Tex. App. 2015).
— Tex. Penal Code § 31.02(e)(4)(A) — 1 case
Kenashica Darpre Davison v. State (Tex. App. 2015).
— Tex. Penal Code § 31.02(e)(5)(A) — 1 case
Wilbur Eugene Jackson v. the State of Texas (Tex. App. 2024).
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