18 U.S.C. § 1590

Trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor

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(a) Whoever knowingly recruits, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains by any means, any person for labor or services in violation of this chapter shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse, or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both.(b) Whoever obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be subject to the penalties under subsection (a).(Added Pub. L. 106–386, div. A, § 112(a)(2), Oct. 28, 2000, 114 Stat. 1487; amended Pub. L. 110–457, title II, § 222(b)(4), Dec. 23, 2008, 122 Stat. 5069.)Editorial NotesAmendments

2008—Pub. L. 110–457 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a) and added subsec. (b).

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 115 cases (63 in the last 5 years), 2004–2026 · leading case: Lagayan v. Odeh, 199 F. Supp. 3d 21 (D.D.C. 2016).
Lagayan v. Odeh, 199 F. Supp. 3d 21 (D.D.C. 2016). · cites it 4× “§ 1589 , which prohibits providing or acquiring the labor or services of a person by force or threats; (2) 18 U.S.C. § 1590 , which prohibits recruiting, harboring, or transporting a person to provide or obtain such person’s labor or services; and (3) 18 U.”
Paguirigan v. Prompt Nursing Emp't Agency LLC, 286 F. Supp. 3d 430 (E.D.N.Y 2017). · cites it 3× “18 U.S.C. § 1590 (a) Additionally, the TVPA extends liability to "any person who knowingly recruits, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains by any means, any person for labor or services in violation of this chapter.”
Adia v. Grandeur Mgmt., Inc., 933 F.3d 89 (2d Cir. 2019). · cites it 2× “A person violates 18 U.S.C. § 1590 when he or she "knowingly recruits, harbors, transports, provides, or obtains by any means, any person for labor or services in violation of" the statutes prohibiting, inter alia , forced labor, is guilty of trafficking.”
Aguirre v. Best Care Agency, Inc., 961 F. Supp. 2d 427 (E.D.N.Y 2013). · cites it 3× “§ 1589 and § 1595; (2) trafficking with respect to involuntary servitude and forced labor in violation of TVPRA, 18 U.S.C. § 1590 and § 1595; (3) fraudulent inducement; and (4) negligent misrepresentation.”
Ali v. Khan, 336 F. Supp. 3d 901 (E.D. Ill. 2018). · cites it 3× “§ 1589 ; and engaged in human trafficking in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1590 . ( See Compl. [1], at ¶¶ 38-47.”
Kiwanuka v. Bakilana, 844 F. Supp. 2d 107 (D.C. Cir. 2012). · cites it 3× “Kiwanuka in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1590 . In Count III, plaintiff alleges that defendants committed a forced labor violation of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, 18 U.”
United States v. Kalu, 791 F.3d 1194 (10th Cir. 2015). · cites it 2× “§ 2 ; (5) trafficking in forced labor under 18 U.S.C. § 1590 and 18 U.S.C. § 2 ; and (6) money laundering under 18 U.”
Doe v. Siddig, 810 F. Supp. 2d 127 (D.D.C. 2011). · cites it 2× “§§ 1584 ,1595; (2) trafficking for purposes of forced labor in violation of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (“TVPA”), 18 U.S.C. §§ 1590 , 1595; (3) forced labor in violation of the TVPA, 18 U.”
Winfred Muchira v. Halah Al-Rawaf, 850 F.3d 605 (4th Cir. 2017). “§ 1584 ; (2) trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1590 ; (3) forced labor, in violation of 18 U.”
United States v. Rita Law, 990 F.3d 1058 (7th Cir. 2021). · cites it 2× “19-2345 18 U.S.C. § 1590 (a) and 18 U.S.C. § 2 ; one count of transporting XC for the purpose of prostitution in violation of 18 U.”
Cesar Martinez-Rodriguez v. Curtis Giles, 31 F.4th 1139 (9th Cir. 2022). · cites it 2× “Second, Plaintiffs alleged that Defendants violated 18 U.S.C. § 1590 by trafficking them 4 Plaintiffs asserted jurisdiction based solely on the federal-question- jurisdiction statute, see 28 U.”
Lagasan v. Al-Ghasel, 92 F. Supp. 3d 445 (E.D. Va. 2015). · cites it 4× “§§ 1584 , 1595; (3) trafficking with respect to peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or forced labor in violation of the TVPA, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1590 , 1595; (4) unlawful conduct with respect to documents in furtherance of trafficking, peonage, slavery, involuntary servitude, or…”
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