U.S. Code » Title 18 » Part PART I— CRIMES › Chapter CHAPTER 110— SEXUAL EXPLOITATION AND OTHER ABUSE OF CHILDREN

18 U.S.C. § 2257A

Record keeping requirements for simulated sexual conduct

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(a) Whoever produces any book, magazine, periodical, film, videotape, digital image, digitally- or computer-manipulated image of an actual human being, picture, or other matter that—(1) contains 1 or more visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct; and(2) is produced in whole or in part with materials which have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce, or is shipped or transported or is intended for shipment or transportation in interstate or foreign commerce;shall create and maintain individually identifiable records pertaining to every performer portrayed in such a visual depiction.(b) Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall, with respect to every performer portrayed in a visual depiction of simulated sexually explicit conduct—(1) ascertain, by examination of an identification document containing such information, the performer’s name and date of birth, and require the performer to provide such other indicia of his or her identity as may be prescribed by regulations;(2) ascertain any name, other than the performer’s present and correct name, ever used by the performer including maiden name, alias, nickname, stage, or professional name; and(3) record in the records required by subsection (a) the information required by paragraphs (1) and (2) and such other identifying information as may be prescribed by regulation.(c) Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall maintain the records required by this section at their business premises, or at such other place as the Attorney General may by regulation prescribe and shall make such records available to the Attorney General for inspection at all reasonable times.(d)(1) No information or evidence obtained from records required to be created or maintained by this section shall, except as provided in this section, directly or indirectly, be used as evidence against any person with respect to any violation of law.(2) Paragraph (1) shall not preclude the use of such information or evidence in a prosecution or other action for a violation of this chapter or chapter 71, or for a violation of any applicable provision of law with respect to the furnishing of false information.(e)(1) Any person to whom subsection (a) applies shall cause to be affixed to every copy of any matter described in subsection (a)(1) in such manner and in such form as the Attorney General shall by regulations prescribe, a statement describing where the records required by this section with respect to all performers depicted in that copy of the matter may be located. In this paragraph, the term “copy” includes every page of a website on which matter described in subsection (a) appears.(2) If the person to whom subsection (a) applies is an organization the statement required by this subsection shall include the name, title, and business address of the individual employed by such organization responsible for maintaining the records required by this section.(f) It shall be unlawful—(1) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies to fail to create or maintain the records as required by subsections (a) and (c) or by any regulation promulgated under this section;(2) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies knowingly to make any false entry in or knowingly to fail to make an appropriate entry in, any record required by subsection (b) or any regulation promulgated under this section;(3) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies knowingly to fail to comply with the provisions of subsection (e) or any regulation promulgated pursuant to that subsection; or(4) for any person knowingly to sell or otherwise transfer, or offer for sale or transfer, any book, magazine, periodical, film, video, or other matter, produced in whole or in part with materials which have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce or which is intended for shipment in interstate or foreign commerce, that—(A) contains 1 or more visual depictions made after the date of enactment of this subsection of simulated sexually explicit conduct; and(B) is produced in whole or in part with materials which have been mailed or shipped in interstate or foreign commerce, or is shipped or transported or is intended for shipment or transportation in interstate or foreign commerce;which does not have affixed thereto, in a manner prescribed as set forth in subsection (e)(1), a statement describing where the records required by this section may be located, but such person shall have no duty to determine the accuracy of the contents of the statement or the records required to be kept.(5) for any person to whom subsection (a) applies to refuse to permit the Attorney General or his or her designee to conduct an inspection under subsection (c).(g) As used in this section, the terms “produces” and “performer” have the same meaning as in section 2257(h) of this title.(h)(1) The provisions of this section and section 2257 shall not apply to matter, or any image therein, containing one or more visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, or actual sexually explicit conduct as described in clause (v) of section 2256(2)(A), if such matter—(A)(i) is intended for commercial distribution;(ii) is created as a part of a commercial enterprise by a person who certifies to the Attorney General that such person regularly and in the normal course of business collects and maintains individually identifiable information regarding all performers, including minor performers, employed by that person, pursuant to Federal and State tax, labor, and other laws, labor agreements, or otherwise pursuant to industry standards, where such information includes the name, address, and date of birth of the performer; and(iii) is not produced, marketed or made available by the person described in clause (ii) to another in circumstances such than 11 So in original. Probably should be “that”. an ordinary person would conclude that the matter contains a visual depiction that is child pornography as defined in section 2256(8); or(B)(i) is subject to the authority and regulation of the Federal Communications Commission acting in its capacity to enforce section 1464 of this title, regarding the broadcast of obscene, indecent or profane programming; and(ii) is created as a part of a commercial enterprise by a person who certifies to the Attorney General that such person regularly and in the normal course of business collects and maintains individually identifiable information regarding all performers, including minor performers, employed by that person, pursuant to Federal and State tax, labor, and other laws, labor agreements, or otherwise pursuant to industry standards, where such information includes the name, address, and date of birth of the performer.(2) Nothing in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1) shall be construed to exempt any matter that contains any visual depiction that is child pornography, as defined in section 2256(8), or is actual sexually explicit conduct within the definitions in clauses (i) through (iv) of section 2256(2)(A).(i)(1) Whoever violates this section shall be imprisoned for not more than 1 year, and 22 So in original. fined in accordance with the provisions of this title, or both.(2) Whoever violates this section in an effort to conceal a substantive offense involving the causing, transporting, permitting or offering or seeking by notice or advertisement, a minor to engage in sexually explicit conduct for the purpose of producing a visual depiction of such conduct in violation of this title, or to conceal a substantive offense that involved trafficking in material involving the sexual exploitation of a minor, including receiving, transporting, advertising, or possessing material involving the sexual exploitation of a minor with intent to traffic, in violation of this title, shall be imprisoned for not more than 5 years and 2 fined in accordance with the provisions of this title, or both.(3) Whoever violates paragraph (2) after having been previously convicted of a violation punishable under that paragraph shall be imprisoned for any period of years not more than 10 years but not less than 2 years, and 2 fined in accordance with the provisions of this title, or both.

The 33 So in original. Probably should be “(j) The”. provisions of this section shall not become effective until 90 days after the final regulations implementing this section are published in the Federal Register. The provisions of this section shall not apply to any matter, or image therein, produced, in whole or in part, prior to the effective date of this section.

(k) On an annual basis, the Attorney General shall submit a report to Congress—(1) concerning the enforcement of this section and section 2257 by the Department of Justice during the previous 12-month period; and(2) including—(A) the number of inspections undertaken pursuant to this section and section 2257;(B) the number of open investigations pursuant to this section and section 2257;(C) the number of cases in which a person has been charged with a violation of this section and section 2257; and(D) for each case listed in response to subparagraph (C), the name of the lead defendant, the federal district in which the case was brought, the court tracking number, and a synopsis of the violation and its disposition, if any, including settlements, sentences, recoveries and penalties.(Added Pub. L. 109–248, title V, § 503(a), July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 626.)Editorial NotesReferences in Text

The date of enactment of this subsection, referred to in subsec. (f)(4)(A), means the date of enactment of Pub. L. 109–248, which was approved July 27, 2006.

Final regulations implementing this section, referred to in the undesignated subsec. preceding subsec. (k), were published in the Federal Register on Dec. 18, 2008, see 73 F.R. 77432.

Notes of Decisions
Cited in 6 cases, 2010–2020 · leading case: Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General of the United States
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Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General of the United States (2012) ca3 · cites it 6× “18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h). The second circumstance is where the Exempted Depictions were: (1) subject to the authority and regulation of the Federal Communications Commission acting in its capacity to regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane programming; and (2)…”
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General United States (2016) ca3 · cites it 4× “§ 2257 , and of “simulated sexually explicit conduct,” 18 U.S.C. § 2257A; see United States v. Playboy Entm’t Grp.”
FREE SPEECH COALITION, INC. v. Holder (2010) paed “18 U.S.C. § 2257A Added in 2006, § 2257A pertains to depictions of simulated (rather than actual) sexually explicit conduct.”
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed · cites it 11× “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General United States (2015) ca3 “18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h). These exemptions are intended to apply to industries where Congress believed that existing regulatory schemes already "adequately achieve[d] the same age-verification ends as the Statutes,” such as the mainstream motion picture and television industries.”
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General United States (2020) ca3 · cites it 2× “Later, Congress enacted 18 U.S.C. § 2257A as part of the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006, Pub.”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(a) — 1 case
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General United States (2020) ca3 “Later, Congress enacted 18 U.S.C. § 2257A as part of the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006, Pub.”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(e)(1) — 1 case
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(e)(2) — 1 case
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(f) — 1 case
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h) — 4 cases
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General United States (2016) ca3 “§ 2257 , and of “simulated sexually explicit conduct,” 18 U.S.C. § 2257A; see United States v. Playboy Entm’t Grp.”
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General of the United States (2012) ca3 “18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h). The second circumstance is where the Exempted Depictions were: (1) subject to the authority and regulation of the Federal Communications Commission acting in its capacity to regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane programming; and (2)…”
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General United States (2015) ca3 “18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h). These exemptions are intended to apply to industries where Congress believed that existing regulatory schemes already "adequately achieve[d] the same age-verification ends as the Statutes,” such as the mainstream motion picture and television industries.”
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h)(1)(A)(i) — 1 case
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General of the United States (2012) ca3 “18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h). The second circumstance is where the Exempted Depictions were: (1) subject to the authority and regulation of the Federal Communications Commission acting in its capacity to regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane programming; and (2)…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h)(2) — 1 case
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h)(l)(A)(i) — 1 case
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General of the United States (2012) ca3 “18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h). The second circumstance is where the Exempted Depictions were: (1) subject to the authority and regulation of the Federal Communications Commission acting in its capacity to regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane programming; and (2)…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(i) — 2 cases
Free Speech Coalition, Inc. v. Attorney General of the United States (2012) ca3 “18 U.S.C. § 2257A(h). The second circumstance is where the Exempted Depictions were: (1) subject to the authority and regulation of the Federal Communications Commission acting in its capacity to regulate the broadcast of obscene, indecent, or profane programming; and (2)…”
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
— 18 U.S.C. § 2257A(i)(1) — 1 case
Free Speech Coal., Inc. v. Sessions (2018) paed “§ 2257A, extended the recordkeeping, labeling, and inspection *685 requirements of § 2257 to visual depictions of simulated sexually explicit conduct, defined in regulations as follows: conduct engaged in by performers that is depicted in a manner that would cause a reasonable…”
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