18 U.S.C. § 241

Conspiracy against rights

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If two or more persons conspire to injure, oppress, threaten, or intimidate any person in any State, Territory, Commonwealth, Possession, or District in the free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege secured to him by the Constitution or laws of the United States, or because of his having so exercised the same; or

If two or more persons go in disguise on the highway, or on the premises of another, with intent to prevent or hinder his free exercise or enjoyment of any right or privilege so secured—

They shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than ten years, or both; and if death results from the acts committed in violation of this section or if such acts include kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or an attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, they shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both, or may be sentenced to death.

Notes of Decisions

Cited in 2,625 cases (1,266 in the last 5 years), 1928–2026 · leading case: United States v. Santiago-Mendez

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United States v. Santiago-Mendez (2012) ca1 · cites it 19× “ínguez-Colón ("Domínguez"), Victor Cortés- Caban ("Cortés"), and Luis Enrique Ruperto-Torres ("Ruperto"), all police officers in the Puerto Rico Police Department, were charged in a two-count indictment for (1) conspiring to injure, oppress, threaten, and intimidate persons in…”

United States v. Barnes (2018) ca10 · cites it 10× “See 18 U.S.C. §§ 241 , 242. The jury found Brown, on the other hand, guilty of one count of conspiracy to violate constitutional rights, one count of deprivation of rights under color of law, and one count of making a false statement to a federal agent.”

Chapman v. Houston Welfare Rights Organization (1979) scotus · cites it 10× “[24] *641 III The legislative history of §§ 1979, 629 (16), and 563 (12) notwithstanding, the opinion concurring in the judgment argues that the words "and laws" in § 1983 should be read broadly because the Court has given such a construction to similar language appearing in 18…”

Bray v. Alexandria Women's Health Clinic (1993) scotus · cites it 11× “As we said in a case involving 18 U. S. C. § 241 , the criminal counterpart of § 1985(3): “[A] conspiracy to rob an interstate traveler would not, of itself, violate §241.”

Great American Federal Savings & Loan Ass'n v. Novotny (1979) scotus · cites it 10× “Because only conspiracies to deprive persons of federal rights are subject to redress under § 1985 (3), that statute, like 18 U. S. C. § 241 , [12] is itself a prohibition separate and apart from the prohibitions stated in the underlying provisions of federal law.”

United States v. Guest (1966) scotus · cites it 18× “The six defendants in this case were indicted by a United States grand jury in the Middle District of *747 Georgia for criminal conspiracy in violation of 18 U. S. C. § 241 (1964 ed.). That section provides in relevant part: "If two or more persons conspire to injure, oppress,…”

Adickes v. S. H. Kress & Co. (1970) scotus · cites it 8× “There the statute involved ( 18 U. S. C. § 241 ) proscribed all conspiracies to impair any right "secured" by the Constitution.”

United States v. Magleby (2001) ca10 · cites it 11× “Magleby was convicted by a jury of conspiracy against rights in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 241 , violation of civil rights and aiding and abetting in violation of 42 U.”

United States v. Verbickas (2006) ca10 · cites it 10× “This appeal relates to a three-year investigation of inmate abuse at the United States Penitentiary in Florence, Colorado (“USP-Florence”), that resulted in charges against ten former correctional officers for conspiracy and deprivation of inmates’ constitutional rights in…”

Shahin v. Darling (2009) ded · cites it 12× “§§ 1506 , 1512, and 1513, and civil rights violations pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §§ 241 and 242. The complaint asserts jurisdiction pursuant to 18 U.”

United States v. Damon Causey, United States of America v. Paul Hardy, Also Known as P, Also Known as Cool and Len Davis (1999) ca5 · cites it 13× “PARKER, Circuit Judge: Appellant Damon Causey appeals his convictions and resulting life sentence for violation 18 U.S.C. § 241 , conspiracy *411 against civil rights and 18 U.”

Griffin v. Breckenridge (1971) scotus · cites it 8× “§ 242 ], was to reach private action rather than officers of a State acting under its authority.”

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